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公开(公告)号：US5763883A
公开(公告)日：1998-06-09
申请号：US467179
申请日：1995-06-06
CPC分类号： G01N33/2829 , G01N21/359
摘要： A method of determining or predicting a value P.sub.x of a property of a material X, which is a feed to a process or a property of a product of a process from said material or yield of said process, which method comprises measuring the absorption D.sub.i x of said material at more than one wavelength in the region 600-2600 nm, comparing the said absorptions or a derivative thereof with absorptions D.sub.i m or derivatives thereof at the same wavelength for a number of standards S in a bank for which the said property or yield P is known, and choosing from the bank at least one standard S.sub.m with property P.sub.m said standard having the smallest average value of the absolute difference at each wavelength i between the absorption D.sub.i x (or derivative thereof) for the material and the absorption D.sub.i m (or derivative thereof) for the standards S.sub.m to obtain P.sub.x, with averaging of said properties or yields P.sub.m when more than one standard S.sub.m is chosen, and wherein said process is at least one of polymerization, an oligomerization or an organic reaction in which at least one of the reactant and a product is a functionalized compound.
摘要翻译： 一种确定或预测材料X的性质的值Px的方法，该材料X是来自所述材料的过程的产物的过程的产物的进料或所述方法的产率的性质或所述方法的产率的特性，所述方法包括测量所述材料的吸收Dix 所述材料在600-2600nm区域中的多于一个波长处，将所述吸收或其衍生物与相同波长的吸收Dim或其衍生物进行比较，对于所述性质或产率P 已知，并且从银行中选择具有性质Pm的至少一个标准Sm表示具有在材料的吸收Dix（或其衍生物）和吸收Dim（或衍生物）之间的每个波长i处的绝对差的最小平均值的标准 ），以获得Px，当选择多于一个标准Sm时，具有所述性质的平均值或产生Pm，并且其中所述方法是聚合中的至少一种，寡聚体 或其中至少一种反应物和产物是官能化化合物的有机反应。
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2.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US6070128A
公开(公告)日：2000-05-30
申请号：US838879
申请日：1997-04-09
申请人： Bernard Descales , Didier Lambert , Jean-Richard Llinas , Andre Martens , Sebastien Osta , Michel Sanchez , Sylvie Bages
发明人： Bernard Descales , Didier Lambert , Jean-Richard Llinas , Andre Martens , Sebastien Osta , Michel Sanchez , Sylvie Bages
CPC分类号： B01J19/0006 , G01N21/359
摘要： A method of determining or predicting a value P.sub.x of a property (e.g. octane number) of a material X or a property of a product of a process from the material or yield of the process for example a blending, separation, or chemical (e.g. polymerization) process, which method comprises measuring the absorption D.sub.ix of the material at more than one wavelength in the region 600-2600 nm, comparing the the signals indicative of the absorptions or a derivative thereof with signals indicative of absorptions D.sub.im or derivatives thereof at the same wavelength for a number of standards S in a bank for which the property or yield P is known, and choosing from the bank at least one standard S.sub.m with property P.sub.m the standard having the smallest average value of the absolute difference at each wavelength i between the signal for the material and the signal for the standard S.sub.m to obtain P.sub.x, with averaging of the properties or yields P.sub.m when more than one standard S.sub.m is chosen. If desired the method can be used as such to control the process by comparison of P.sub.m with the desired value and adjustment of the process to minimize deviations from P.sub.m ; in an alternative process the signal (or function thereof) of the standard(s) with the smallest average value of the absolute difference may be used directly to control the process.
摘要翻译： 确定或预测材料X的性质（例如辛烷值）的值P x或方法产物的性质或方法的产率（例如混合，分离或化学品）的方法（例如聚合 ）方法，该方法包括测量600-2600nm区域中多于一个波长的材料的吸收Dix，将表示吸收的信号或其衍生物与指示吸收的信号Dim或其衍生物进行比较 波长，对于其中性质或产量P已知的存储体中的多个标准S，并且从存储体中选择具有属性Pm的至少一个标准Sm，在每个波长i处具有绝对差的最小平均值的标准 信号，并且标准Sm的信号获得Px，当选择多于一个标准Sm时，具有性质的平均或产生Pm。 如果需要，可以使用该方法来通过将Pm与期望值进行比较来控制该过程并且调整该过程以最小化与Pm的偏差; 在替代处理中，可以直接使用具有绝对差的最小平均值的标准的信号（或其功能）来控制处理。
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公开(公告)号：US5861228A
公开(公告)日：1999-01-19
申请号：US466594
申请日：1995-06-06
CPC分类号： G01N33/2829 , C10G9/00 , G01N21/35 , G01N21/359 , Y10T436/115831 , Y10T436/117497 , Y10T436/12 , Y10T436/21 , Y10T436/212 , Y10T436/214 , Y10T436/216 , Y10T436/218
摘要： An apparatus for on-line measuring physical property data of hydrocarbon products such as octane number, cetane number, density, vapour pressure and the like or gasoline/alcohol ratio, comprising means for providing (N)IR radiation in a predetermined spectral range; means for transmitting light at selected wavelengths in the (N)IR spectral region; means for delivering light from said transmitting means to a hydrocarbon product line; means for allowing an optical path length in the hydrocarbon product line; means for detecting the light transmitted through the said optical path; means for providing the obtained signal to be input to processing equipment for spectral analysis and correlating the spectral data to the physical property data of hydrocarbon products such as octane number, cetane number, density, vapour pressure and the like or gasoline/alcohol ratio.
摘要翻译： 用于在线测量烃产物的物理性质数据的装置，例如辛烷值，十六烷值，密度，蒸气压等或汽油/醇比，包括用于在预定光谱范围内提供（N）IR辐射的装置; 用于在（N）IR光谱区域中发射选定波长的光的装置; 用于将光从所述发送装置传送到烃产品线的装置; 用于允许烃产品线中的光路长度的装置; 用于检测透过所述光路的光的装置; 用于将获得的信号提供给输入到用于光谱分析的处理设备并将光谱数据与烃产物的物理性质数据（例如辛烷值，十六烷值，密度，蒸气压等）或汽油/醇比相关联的装置。
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公开(公告)号：US5935863A
公开(公告)日：1999-08-10
申请号：US838706
申请日：1997-04-09
CPC分类号： C10G9/00 , G01N21/3563 , G01N21/359 , G01N33/2829 , Y10T436/115831 , Y10T436/117497 , Y10T436/12 , Y10T436/21 , Y10T436/212 , Y10T436/214 , Y10T436/216
摘要： A method of determining or predicting a value P.sub.x of a property of a feed X to a steam cracking process or yield of said process, which method comprises measuring the absorption D.sub.ix of said material at more than one wavelength in the region 600-2600 nm, comparing signals indicative of said adsorptions or a mathematical function thereof with signals indicative of absorptions D.sub.im or mathematical function thereof at the same wavelength for a number of standards S in a bank for which the said property or yield P is known, and choosing from the bank at least one standard S.sub.m with property P.sub.m said standard having the smallest average value of the absolute difference at each wavelength i between the signal for the material and the signal for the standard S.sub.m to obtain P.sub.x, with averaging of said properties or yields P.sub.m when more than one standard S.sub.m is chosen. If desired the method can be used as such to control the steam cracking process by comparison of P.sub.m with the desired value and adjustment of the process to minimize deviations from P.sub.m ; in an alternative process the signal (or function thereof) of the standard(s) with the smallest average value of the absolute difference may be used directly to control the process.
摘要翻译： 一种确定或预测进料X的性质的值Px至蒸汽裂化过程或所述方法的产率的方法，该方法包括在600-2600nm的区域中测量多于一个波长的所述材料的吸收Dix， 将表示所述吸附的信号或其数学函数与指示吸收的信号相同的波长的数学函数或对于所述性质或产率P已知的银行中的多个标准S的数学函数，以及从所述银行中选择 具有性质Pm的至少一个标准Sm表示标准具有在材料的信号与标准Sm的信号之间的每个波长i处的绝对差的最小平均值，以获得Px，具有所述性质的平均或产生更多的Pm 比一个标准Sm选择。 如果需要，可以将该方法用于通过将Pm与期望值进行比较来控制蒸汽裂解过程，并调整过程以最小化与Pm的偏差; 在替代处理中，可以直接使用具有绝对差的最小平均值的标准的信号（或其功能）来控制处理。
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公开(公告)号：US5740073A
公开(公告)日：1998-04-14
申请号：US465920
申请日：1995-06-06
CPC分类号： G01N33/2829 , G01N21/3577 , G01N21/359
摘要： A method of determining or predicting a value P.sub.x of a property of a material X, which is a feed to a process or a property of a product of a process from said material or yield of said process, which method comprises measuring the absorption D.sub.i x of said material at more than one wavelength in the region 600-2600 nm, comparing the said absorptions or a derivative thereof with absorptions D.sub.i m or derivatives thereof at the same wavelength for a number of standards S in a bank for which said property or yield P is known, and choosing from the bank at least one standard S.sub.m with property P.sub.m said standard having the smallest average value of the absolute difference at each wavelength i between the absorption D.sub.i x (or derivative thereof) for the material and the absorption D.sub.i m (or derivative thereof) for the standard S.sub.m to obtain P.sub.x, with averaging of said properties or yields P.sub.m when more than one standard S.sub.m is chosen, and wherein said material X is a composition comprising part of a lubricating oil fraction obtainable from a vacuum distillation of oil.
摘要翻译： 一种确定或预测材料X的性质的值Px的方法，该材料X是来自所述材料的过程的产物的过程的产物的进料或所述方法的产率的性质或所述方法的产率的特性，所述方法包括测量所述材料的吸收Dix 在600-2600nm区域中多于一个波长的所述材料，将所述吸收或其衍生物与在相同波长处的吸收Dim或其衍生物与银行中的多个标准S进行比较，其中所述性质或产率P为 并且从银行中选择至少一种具有性质Pm的标准Sm表示在材料的吸收Dix（或其衍生物）和吸收Dim（或其衍生物）之间具有在每个波长i处的绝对差异的最小平均值的标准 ），以获得Px，当选择多于一个标准Sm时，具有所述性质的平均值或产生Pm，并且其中所述材料X是包含润滑剂的一部分的组合物 可从油的真空蒸馏中获得油分。
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公开(公告)号：US5712797A
公开(公告)日：1998-01-27
申请号：US465680
申请日：1995-06-06
申请人： Bernard Descales , Didier Lambert , Jean-Richard Llinas , Andre Martens , Sebastien Osta , Michel Sanchez
发明人： Bernard Descales , Didier Lambert , Jean-Richard Llinas , Andre Martens , Sebastien Osta , Michel Sanchez
CPC分类号： G01N21/359 , G01N21/3577 , G01N33/2829
摘要： A method of determining or predicting a value P.sub.x of a property (e.g. octane number) of a material X or a property of a product of a process from said material or yield of said process, which method comprises measuring the absorption D.sub.ix of said material at more than one wavelength in the region 600-2600 nm, comparing the said absorptions or a derivative thereof with absorptions D.sub.im or the derivatives thereof at the same wavelength for a number of standards S in a bank for which the said property or yield P is known, and choosing from the bank at least one standard S.sub.m with property P.sub.m said standard having the smallest average value of the absolute difference at each wavelength i between the absorption D.sub.i x (or derivative thereof) for the material and the absorption D.sub.i m (or derivative thereof) for the standard S.sub.m to obtain the P.sub.x, with averaging of said properties or yields P.sub.m when more than one standard S.sub.m is chosen.
摘要翻译： 一种确定或预测材料X的性质（例如辛烷值）的值P x或来自所述材料的工艺产品或所述工艺的产率的性质的方法，该方法包括测量所述材料的吸收Dix 在600-2600nm的区域中多于一个波长，将所述吸收或其衍生物与吸收Dim或其衍生物在相同波长下比较所述性质或产率P已知的银行中的多种标准S 并且从所述存储体中选择具有性质Pm的至少一个标准Sm，所述标准具有在材料的吸收Dix（或其衍生物）和吸收Dim（或其衍生物）之间的每个波长i处的绝对差的最小平均值， 对于标准Sm来获得Px，具有所述性质的平均值或当选择多于一个标准Sm时获得Pm。
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公开(公告)号：US5534607A
公开(公告)日：1996-07-09
申请号：US454616
申请日：1995-05-31
CPC分类号： C08F10/00 , C08F210/16 , Y10S526/901 , Y10S526/904
摘要： The present invention relates to a continuous process for the polymerization of an alpha-olefin having from 2 to 12 carbon atoms, which is carried out in a gas phase polymerization reactor by bringing a gaseous reaction mixture, containing the alpha-olefin to be polymerized, into contact with a catalyst system of the Ziegler-Natta type consisting of a solid catalyst comprising at least one compound of a transition metal belonging to groups IV, V or VI of the Periodic Table, of the elements, and of a cocatalyst comprising at least one organometallic compound of a metal belonging to groups II or III of the Periodic Table in which the polymerization reactor is fed with alpha-olefin at a constant rate.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种用于聚合具有2至12个碳原子的α-烯烃的连续方法，其通过使含有待聚合的α-烯烃的气态反应混合物在气相聚合反应器中进行， 与由齐格勒 - 纳塔型催化剂体系接触，该催化剂体系由包含至少一种属于元素周期表IV，V或VI族的过渡金属的化合物的固体催化剂和至少包含至少一种的助催化剂 属于周期表II或III族的金属的一种有机金属化合物，其中聚合反应器以恒定速率加入α-烯烃。
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公开(公告)号：US08460185B2
公开(公告)日：2013-06-11
申请号：US12541160
申请日：2009-08-14
IPC分类号： A61B1/32
CPC分类号： A61B17/0218 , A61B2017/0237
摘要： A surgical retractor assembly that utilizes a tubular shaft and a connection nub. A pivot joint connects one end of the tubular shaft to the connection nub. The pivot joint enables the connection nub to move relative the tubular shaft along a path that is coplanar to the axis of the tubular shaft. Together, the tubular shaft and the connection nub create an elongated element that can be introduced into a small incision. A retractor blade is provided. A bearing joint extends from the retractor blade. The retractor blade and bearing joint are introduced into a surgical site independent of the elongated element. Within the surgical site, the connection nub interconnects with the bearing joint, therein joining the retractor blade to the tubular shaft and a handle.
摘要翻译： 一种利用管状轴和连接节点的外科牵开器组件。 枢轴接头将管状轴的一端连接到连接节点。 枢转接头使得连接凸块可以沿着与管状轴的轴线共面的路径相对于管状轴线移动。 一起，管状轴和连接凸块形成可以被引入小切口的细长元件。 提供卷收器叶片。 轴承接头从牵开器叶片延伸。 牵开器叶片和支承关节被独立于细长元件引入手术部位。 在手术部位内，连接母线与轴承接头互连，其中将牵开器叶片连接到管状轴和手柄。
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公开(公告)号：US20090299147A1
公开(公告)日：2009-12-03
申请号：US12541160
申请日：2009-08-14
IPC分类号： A61B1/32
CPC分类号： A61B17/0218 , A61B2017/0237
摘要： A surgical retractor assembly that utilizes a tubular shaft and a connection nub. A pivot joint connects one end of the tubular shaft to the connection nub. The pivot joint enables the connection nub to move relative the tubular shaft along a path that is coplanar to the axis of the tubular shaft. Together, the tubular shaft and the connection nub create an elongated element that can be introduced into a small incision. A retractor blade is provided. A bearing joint extends from the retractor blade. The retractor blade and bearing joint are introduced into a surgical site independent of the elongated element. Within the surgical site, the connection nub interconnects with the bearing joint, therein joining the retractor blade to the tubular shaft and a handle.
摘要翻译： 一种利用管状轴和连接节点的外科牵开器组件。 枢轴接头将管状轴的一端连接到连接节点。 枢转接头使得连接凸块可以沿着与管状轴的轴线共面的路径相对于管状轴线移动。 一起，管状轴和连接凸块形成可以被引入小切口的细长元件。 提供卷收器叶片。 轴承接头从牵开器叶片延伸。 牵开器叶片和支承关节被独立于细长元件引入手术部位。 在手术部位内，连接母线与轴承接头互连，其中将牵开器叶片连接到管状轴和手柄。
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公开(公告)号：US5490085A
公开(公告)日：1996-02-06
申请号：US483568
申请日：1995-06-06
申请人： Didier C. Lambert , Andre Martens
发明人： Didier C. Lambert , Andre Martens
CPC分类号： G01N33/2829 , G01N21/3577 , G01N21/359
摘要： The octane number of a product is directly determined from its near infrared (NIR) absorption spectrum in the wave number spectral range of from 6667 to 3840 centimeter .sup.-1. A number (n) of frequencies is selected within this range, and the (n) absorbance values are correlated with the octane number by using a multivariate regression analysis.
摘要翻译： 产物的辛烷值直接由其在6667至3840厘米-1的波数光谱范围内的近红外（NIR）吸收光谱确定。 在该范围内选择频率数（n），使用多元回归分析将（n）吸光度值与辛烷值相关。
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