公开(公告)号：US4621233A

公开(公告)日：1986-11-04

申请号：US570496

申请日：1984-01-13

Applicant: Bijan Davari ,  Pankaj Das

Inventor： Bijan Davari ,  Pankaj Das

IPC: G01R31/265 ,  G01R31/32 ,  G01R29/22

CPC classification number: G01R31/265

Abstract: A contactless non-destructive technique for measuring at least one surface property of a first semiconductor material surface utilizes an electrically conductive interdigital transducer and a metal plate defined on a piezoelectric material. The metal plate has a window therein and the semiconductor material is positioned with its first surface over the window and facing the exposed piezoelectric material of the window. A radio frequency pulse is applied to the interdigital transducer to generate a surface acoustic wave on the piezoelectric material. This produces a transverse electric field which extends above the surface of the piezoelectric material and propagates across the window. This field acts as a probing field in the semiconductor material at the surface facing the piezoelectric material, and due to acousto-electric interaction a transverse acousto-electric voltage is produced. A dc voltage is applied to an opposite surface of the semiconductor to change the surface potential of the semiconductor material. A characteristic curve plotting the transverse acoustoelectric voltage against the dc voltage can be utilized to determine various surface properties for the semiconductor material. The window also defines the position where this surface property is measured.

Abstract translation: 用于测量第一半导体材料表面的至少一个表面性质的非接触非破坏性技术利用限定在压电材料上的导电叉指式换能器和金属板。 金属板在其中具有窗口，并且半导体材料被定位成其第一表面位于窗口上并且面向窗口的暴露的压电材料。 射频脉冲施加到叉指式换能器以在压电材料上产生表面声波。 这产生横向电场，该横向电场在压电材料的表面上方延伸并且在窗口上传播。 该场作为面向压电材料的表面的半导体材料中的探测场，并且由于声电相互作用，产生横向声电压。 将直流电压施加到半导体的相对表面以改变半导体材料的表面电位。 可以利用绘制横向声电压与直流电压的特性曲线来确定半导体材料的各种表面性质。 窗口还定义了测量该表面性质的位置。

公开(公告)号：US20100027379A1

公开(公告)日：2010-02-04

申请号：US12443878

申请日：2007-10-01

Applicant: Gary Saulnier ,  Henry Scarton ,  David Shoudy ,  Pankaj Das ,  Andrew Gavens

Inventor： Gary Saulnier ,  Henry Scarton ,  David Shoudy ,  Pankaj Das ,  Andrew Gavens

IPC: H04B1/02

CPC classification number: G08C23/02 ,  H04B11/00

Abstract: Apparatus for communicating information across a solid wall has one or two outside ultrasonic transducers coupled to an outside surface of the wall and connected to a carrier generator for sending an ultrasonic carrier signal into the wall and for receiving an output information signal from the wall. One or two inside ultrasonic transducers are coupled to an inside surface of the wall and one of them introduces the output information signal into the wall. When there are two inside transducers inside the wall, one receives the carrier signal and the second transmits the carrier after it is modulated by the output information from the sensor. When there is one inside transducer, the output information from the sensor is transmitted by changing the reflected or returned signal from the inside transducer. A power harvesting circuit inside the wall harvests power from the carrier signal and uses it to power the sensor.

Abstract translation: 用于在实心墙壁上传送信息的装置具有一个或两个耦合到壁的外表面的外部超声波换能器，并连接到载体发生器，用于将超声载波信号发送到墙壁中并用于从墙壁接收输出信息信号。 一个或两个内部超声换能器耦合到壁的内表面，并且其中一个将输出信息信号引入壁中。 当壁内有两个内部传感器时，一个接收载波信号，第二个传感器在传感器被输出信息调制后传输。 当有一个内部传感器时，通过改变来自内部传感器的反射或返回信号来传输来自传感器的输出信息。 墙内的电力收集电路从载波信号收集电力，并使用它为传感器供电。

公开(公告)号：US06529150B1

公开(公告)日：2003-03-04

申请号：US09606119

申请日：2000-06-15

Applicant: Barry L. Shoop ,  Pankaj Das ,  Daniel Litynski

Inventor： Barry L. Shoop ,  Pankaj Das ,  Daniel Litynski

IPC: H03M100

CPC classification number: H03M3/468

Abstract: A method of converting an analog signal to a digital signal includes (a) filtering the analog signal to the range 0≦fx≦fB; (b) sampling the filtered signal at a rate fS>>fN, where fS is the sampling frequency, fN=2fx is the Nyquist frequency of the sampled signal, and fB≦fS/2 is the constrained signal bandwidth; (c) converting the sampled signal to an optical sampled signal: (d) converting the optical sampled signal from a temporal signal to a spatial signal; (e) illuminating a smart pixel array with the spatial signal; (f) processing the spatial signal with an error diffusion neural network to produce a 2-D binary image; and (g) averaging rows and columns of the 2-D binary image using a digital low pass filter and a decimation circuit.

Abstract translation: 将模拟信号转换为数字信号的方法包括（a）将模拟信号滤波到范围0 <= fx <= fB; （b）以fS >> fN的速率对滤波信号进行采样，其中fS是采样频率，fN = 2fx是采样信号的奈奎斯特频率，fB = fS / 2是受限信号带宽; （c）将采样信号转换成光采样信号：（d）将光采样信号从时间信号转换成空间信号; （e）用空间信号照亮智能像素阵列; （f）利用误差扩散神经网络处理空间信号以产生二维二进制图像; 和（g）使用数字低通滤波器和抽取电路对2-D二进制图像的行和列进行平均。