公开(公告)号：US5733440A

公开(公告)日：1998-03-31

申请号：US748942

申请日：1996-11-14

申请人： Bruce E. Stangeland ,  David C. Kramer ,  David S. Smith ,  James T. McCall ,  Georgieanna L. Scheuerman ,  Robert W. Bachtel ,  David R. Johnson

发明人： Bruce E. Stangeland ,  David C. Kramer ,  David S. Smith ,  James T. McCall ,  Georgieanna L. Scheuerman ,  Robert W. Bachtel ,  David R. Johnson

IPC分类号： B01J8/00 ,  B01J8/12 ,  B01J8/18 ,  B01J8/22 ,  C10G35/10 ,  C10G45/00 ,  C10G49/00 ,  C10G49/14 ,  C10G35/14

CPC分类号： B01J8/003 ,  B01J8/008 ,  B01J8/125 ,  B01J8/1881 ,  B01J8/22 ,  C10G49/002 ,  C10G49/14 ,  B01J2208/00884

摘要： This invention makes possible substantially continuous flow of uniformly distributed hydrogen and hydrocarbon liquid across a densely packed catalyst bed to fill substantially the entire volume of a reactor vessel by introducing the fluids as alternate annular rings of gas and liquid (i.e. a mixture of liquid hydrocarbon and a hydrogen-containing gas) at a rate insufficient to levitate or ebullate the catalyst bed. Catalyst are selected by density, shape and size at a design feed rate of liquids and gas to prevent ebullation of the packed bed at the design feed rates. Catalysts are selected by measuring bed expansion, such as in a large pilot plant run, with hydrocarbon, hydrogen, and catalyst at the design pressures and flow velocities. The liquid and gas components of the feed flow into the bed in alternate annular rings across the full area of the bed. At the desired flow rate, such catalyst continually flows in a plug-like manner downwardly through the reactor vessel by introducing fresh catalyst at the top of the catalyst bed by laminarly flowing such catalyst in a liquid stream on a periodic or semicontinuous basis. Catalyst is similarly removed by laminarly flowing catalyst particles in a liquid stream out of the bottom of the catalyst bed. Intake for such flow is out of direct contact with the stream of gas flowing through the bed and the flow path is substantially constant in cross-sectional area and greater in diameter by several times than the diameter of the catalyst particles. The catalyst of this invention produces a plug-flowing substantially packed bed of hydroprocessing catalyst which occupies at least about 75% by volume of the reactor volume.

摘要翻译： 本发明使得均匀分布的氢气和烃液体可以在密集填充的催化剂床上基本连续地流动，以通过将流体作为气体和液体的替代环​​形环（即液体烃和液体烃的混合物）引入反应器容器的基本整个体积 含氢气体），其速率不足以使催化剂床漂浮或沸腾。 在液体和气体的设计进料速率下，通过密度，形状和尺寸选择催化剂，以防止填料床以设计进料速率进行沸腾。 通过在设计压力和流速下测量床膨胀，例如在大型中试设备运行中与烃，氢气和催化剂进行选择。 进料床的液体和气体组分在床的整个区域内以交替的环形环流入床中。 以期望的流速，这种催化剂以塞子状方式向下延伸穿过反应器容器，通过在催化剂床的顶部引入新鲜的催化剂，通过在液体流中以周期性或半连续的方式层流流动这种催化剂。 催化剂类似地通过层流流动的催化剂颗粒在催化剂床底部的液体流中除去。 这种流动的吸入不与流过床的气体流直接接触，并且流动通道在横截面积上基本上恒定，并且直径大于催化剂颗粒直径的几倍。 本发明的催化剂产生占据反应器体积的至少约75体积％的加氢处理催化剂的堵塞流动基本上填充的床。

公开(公告)号：US5599440A

公开(公告)日：1997-02-04

申请号：US497638

申请日：1995-06-30

申请人： Bruce E. Stangeland ,  David C. Kramer ,  David S. Smith ,  James T. McCall ,  Georgieanna L. Scheuerman ,  Robert W. Bachtel ,  David R. Johnson

发明人： Bruce E. Stangeland ,  David C. Kramer ,  David S. Smith ,  James T. McCall ,  Georgieanna L. Scheuerman ,  Robert W. Bachtel ,  David R. Johnson

IPC分类号： B01J8/00 ,  B01J8/12 ,  B01J8/18 ,  B01J8/22 ,  C10G35/10 ,  C10G45/00 ,  C10G49/00 ,  C10G49/14 ,  C10G35/14

CPC分类号： B01J8/003 ,  B01J8/008 ,  B01J8/125 ,  B01J8/1881 ,  B01J8/22 ,  C10G49/002 ,  C10G49/14 ,  B01J2208/00884

摘要： This invention makes possible substantially continuous flow of uniformly distributed hydrogen and hydrocarbon liquid across a densely packed catalyst bed to fill substantially the entire volume of a reactor vessel by introducing the fluids as alternate annular rings of gas and liquid (i.e. a mixture of liquid hydrocarbon and a hydrogen-containing gas) at a rate insufficient to levitate or ebullate the catalyst bed. Catalyst are selected by density, shape and size at a design feed rate of liquids and gas to prevent ebullation of the packed bed at the design feed rates. Catalysts are selected by measuring bed expansion, such as in a large pilot plant run, with hydrocarbon, hydrogen, and catalyst at the design pressures and flow velocities. The liquid and gas components of the feed flow into the bed in alternate annular rings across the full area of the bed. At the desired flow rate, such catalyst continually flows in a plug-like manner downwardly through the reactor vessel by introducing fresh catalyst at the top of the catalyst bed by laminarly flowing such catalyst in a liquid stream on a periodic or semicontinuous basis. Catalyst is similarly removed by laminarly flowing catalyst particles in a liquid stream out of the bottom of the catalyst bed. Intake for such flow is out of direct contact with the stream of gas flowing through the bed and the flow path is substantially constant in cross-sectional area and greater in diameter by several times than the diameter of the catalyst particles. The catalyst of this invention produces a plug-flowing substantially packed bed of hydroprocessing catalyst which occupies at least about 75% by volume of the reactor volume.

摘要翻译： 本发明使得均匀分布的氢气和烃液体可以在密集填充的催化剂床上基本连续地流动，以通过将流体作为气体和液体的替代环​​形环（即液体烃和液体烃的混合物）引入反应器容器的基本整个体积 含氢气体），其速率不足以使催化剂床漂浮或沸腾。 在液体和气体的设计进料速率下，通过密度，形状和尺寸选择催化剂，以防止填料床以设计进料速率进行沸腾。 通过在设计压力和流速下测量床膨胀，例如在大型中试设备运行中与烃，氢气和催化剂进行选择。 进料床的液体和气体组分在床的整个区域内以交替的环形环流入床中。 以期望的流速，这种催化剂以塞子状方式向下延伸穿过反应器容器，通过在催化剂床的顶部引入新鲜的催化剂，通过在液体流中以周期性或半连续的方式层流流动这种催化剂。 催化剂类似地通过层流流动的催化剂颗粒在催化剂床底部的液体流中除去。 这种流动的吸入不与流过床的气体流直接接触，并且流动通道在横截面积上基本上恒定，并且直径大于催化剂颗粒直径的几倍。 本发明的催化剂产生占据反应器体积的至少约75体积％的加氢处理催化剂的堵塞流动基本上填充的床。

公开(公告)号：US5302357A

公开(公告)日：1994-04-12

申请号：US14847

申请日：1993-02-08

申请人： David C. Kramer ,  Bruce E. Stangeland ,  David S. Smith ,  James T. McCall ,  Georgieanna L. Scheuerman ,  Robert W. Bachtel

发明人： David C. Kramer ,  Bruce E. Stangeland ,  David S. Smith ,  James T. McCall ,  Georgieanna L. Scheuerman ,  Robert W. Bachtel

IPC分类号： B01J8/00 ,  B01J8/12 ,  B01J8/18 ,  B01J8/22 ,  C10G35/10 ,  C10G45/02 ,  C10G45/20 ,  C10G49/00 ,  C10G49/14 ,  B01J8/08

CPC分类号： B01J8/125 ,  B01J8/008 ,  B01J8/1881 ,  B01J8/22 ,  C10G49/002 ,  C10G49/14 ,  B01J2208/00884

摘要： On-stream catalyst replacement apparatus for countercurrent upstream flow of a gas and hydrocarbon liquid through a downward moving catalyst bed in a reactor vessel. A mixed feed stream of gas and liquid hydrocarbon components enters a reservoir formed between the lower end of the reactor and a conical screen supporting the lower end of a catalyst bed. A wall across the vessel divides the reservoir into a lower surge chamber for receiving the mixed feed and an upper plenum chamber for separating the components into alternate feed rings of gas and hydrocarbon liquid under the conical screen. The mixed feed enters the plenum chamber through a plurality of tubes extending downwardly from the wall to the same depth in the surge chamber that prevents establishing preferential paths for gas to independently enter the plenum chamber. Excessive separation of the gas and liquid components from the mixed feed in the plenum chamber is prevented by use of a plurality of concentric baffles abutting the underside of the conical screen and which are closely spaced apart only sufficient to create adjacent and alternate feed rings of gas and liquid. The depth of the lower end of each baffle is intermediate the depth of the two radially adjacent concentric baffles.Catalyst is continuously or periodically added to, or removed from, the vessel through tubing and a full-bore valve having uniform diameters throughout their lengths to maintain laminar flow of catalyst to or from a pressurizable hopper vessel.

摘要翻译： 用于通过反应器容器中向下移动的催化剂床的气体和烃液体的逆流上游流的流上催化剂更换装置。 气体和液体烃组分的混合进料流进入形成在反应器的下端和支撑催化剂床的下端的圆锥形筛网之间的储存器。 横跨容器的墙将储存器划分成用于接收混合进料的下部调节室，以及用于将组分分离成圆锥形筛下的气体和烃液体的替代进料环的上部增压室。 混合进料通过从壁向下延伸到缓冲室中相同深度的多个管进入增压室，防止建立气体独立进入增压室的优先路径。 通过使用与圆锥形筛网的下侧邻接的多个同心挡板来防止气体和液体组分与增压室中的混合进料的过度分离，这些隔板间隔紧密，仅足以形成气体的相邻和替代进料环 和液体。 每个挡板的下端的深度在两个径向相邻的同心挡板的深度之间。 催化剂连续或周期性地通过管道和全长阀连续或周期性地添加到容器中，并在整个长度上具有均匀的直径，以保持催化剂层流到或从可加压的料斗容器流出。

公开(公告)号：US5076908A

公开(公告)日：1991-12-31

申请号：US381948

申请日：1989-07-19

申请人： Bruce E. Stangeland ,  David C. Kramer ,  David S. Smith ,  James T. McCall ,  Georgieanna L. Scheuerman ,  Robert W. Bachtel

发明人： Bruce E. Stangeland ,  David C. Kramer ,  David S. Smith ,  James T. McCall ,  Georgieanna L. Scheuerman ,  Robert W. Bachtel

IPC分类号： B01J8/00 ,  B01J8/12 ,  B01J8/18 ,  B01J8/22 ,  C10G35/10 ,  C10G45/02 ,  C10G45/20 ,  C10G49/00 ,  C10G49/14

CPC分类号： B01J8/125 ,  B01J8/008 ,  B01J8/1881 ,  B01J8/22 ,  C10G49/002 ,  C10G49/14 ,  B01J2208/00884

摘要： This invention makes possible substantially continuous flow of uniformly distributed hydrogen and hydrocarbon liquid across a densely packed catalyst bed to fill substantially the entire volume of a reactor vessel by introducing the fluids as alternate annular rings of gas and liquid at a rate insufficient to levitate the bed and with catalyst selected by a density, shape and size at a design feed rate of liquids and gas to prevent ebulation of the packed bed at the design feed rates. Catalysts are selected by measuring bed expansion in a large pilot plant run with hydrocarbon, hydrogen, and catalyst at the design pressures and flow velocities. The liquid and gas components of the feed flow into the bed in alternate annular rings across the full area of the bed. At the desired flow rate, such catalyst continually flows in a plug-like manner downwardly through the vessel by introducing fresh catalyst at the top of the bed by laminarly flowing such catalyst in a liquid stream on a periodic or semicontinuous basis. Catalyst is similarly removed by laminarly flowing catalyst particles in a liquid stream out of the bottom of the bed. Intake for such flow is out of direct contact with the stream of gas flowing through the bed and the flow path is substantially constant in cross-sectional area and greater in diameter by several times than the diameter of the catalyst particles.

摘要翻译： 本发明使得均匀分布的氢气和烃液体可以基本上连续地流过密集填充的催化剂床，以通过以不足以漂浮床的速率将流体引入气体和液体的替代环​​形环来填充反应器容器的整个体积 并且以液体和气体的设计进料速率通过密度，形状和尺寸选择催化剂，以防止填充床在设计进料速率下的膨胀。 通过在设计压力和流速下用烃，氢气和催化剂运行的大型中试设备中测量床膨胀来选择催化剂。 进料床的液体和气体组分在床的整个区域内以交替的环形环流入床中。 以期望的流速，这种催化剂通过在床的顶部引入新鲜的催化剂，以塞子状向下延续流动，通过以周期性或半连续的方式在液体流中层流流动这种催化剂。 类似地，催化剂通过层流流动的催化剂颗粒在床的底部的液体流中除去。 这种流动的吸入不与流过床的气体流直接接触，并且流动通道在横截面积上基本上恒定，并且直径大于催化剂颗粒直径的几倍。

公开(公告)号：US5498327A

公开(公告)日：1996-03-12

申请号：US466655

申请日：1995-06-06

申请人： Bruce E. Stangeland ,  David C. Kramer ,  David S. Smith ,  James T. McCall ,  Georgieanne L. Scheuerman ,  Robert W. Bachtel ,  David R. Johnson

发明人： Bruce E. Stangeland ,  David C. Kramer ,  David S. Smith ,  James T. McCall ,  Georgieanne L. Scheuerman ,  Robert W. Bachtel ,  David R. Johnson

IPC分类号： B01J8/00 ,  B01J8/12 ,  B01J8/18 ,  B01J8/22 ,  C10G35/10 ,  C10G45/00 ,  C10G49/00 ,  C10G49/14 ,  C10G11/18

CPC分类号： B01J8/003 ,  B01J8/008 ,  B01J8/125 ,  B01J8/1881 ,  B01J8/22 ,  C10G49/002 ,  C10G49/14 ,  B01J2208/00884

摘要： This invention makes possible substantially continuous flow of uniformly distributed hydrogen and hydrocarbon liquid across a densely packed catalyst bed to fill substantially the entire volume of a reactor vessel by introducing the fluids as alternate annular rings of gas and liquid (i.e. a mixture of liquid hydrocarbon and a hydrogen-containing gas) at a rate insufficient to levitate or ebullate the catalyst bed. Catalyst are selected by density, shape and size at a design feed rate of liquids and gas to prevent ebullation of the packed bed at the design feed rates. Catalysts are selected by measuring bed expansion, such as in a large pilot plant run, with hydrocarbon, hydrogen, and catalyst at the design pressures and flow velocities. The liquid and gas components of the feed flow into the bed in alternate annular rings across the full area of the bed. At the desired flow rate, such catalyst continually flows in a plug-like manner downwardly through the reactor vessel by introducing fresh catalyst at the top of the catalyst bed by laminarly flowing such catalyst in a liquid stream on a periodic or semicontinuous basis. Catalyst is similarly removed by laminarly flowing catalyst particles in a liquid stream out of the bottom of the catalyst bed.

摘要翻译： 本发明使得均匀分布的氢气和烃液体可以在密集填充的催化剂床上基本连续地流动，以通过将流体作为气体和液体的替代环​​形环（即，液体烃和液体烃的混合物）引入反应器容器的基本整个体积 含氢气体），其速率不足以使催化剂床漂浮或沸腾。 在液体和气体的设计进料速率下，通过密度，形状和尺寸选择催化剂，以防止填料床以设计进料速率进行沸腾。 通过在设计压力和流速下测量床膨胀，例如在大型中试设备运行中与烃，氢气和催化剂进行选择。 进料床的液体和气体组分在床的整个区域内以交替的环形环流入床中。 以期望的流速，这种催化剂以塞子状方式向下延伸穿过反应器容器，通过在催化剂床的顶部引入新鲜的催化剂，通过在液体流中以周期性或半连续的方式层流流动这种催化剂。 催化剂类似地通过层流流动的催化剂颗粒在催化剂床底部的液体流中除去。

公开(公告)号：US5409598A

公开(公告)日：1995-04-25

申请号：US215254

申请日：1994-03-21

申请人： David C. Kramer ,  Bruce E. Stangeland ,  David S. Smith ,  James T. McCall ,  Georgieanna Scheuerman ,  Robert W. Bachtel

发明人： David C. Kramer ,  Bruce E. Stangeland ,  David S. Smith ,  James T. McCall ,  Georgieanna Scheuerman ,  Robert W. Bachtel

IPC分类号： B01J8/00 ,  B01J8/12 ,  B01J8/18 ,  B01J8/22 ,  C10G35/10 ,  C10G45/02 ,  C10G45/20 ,  C10G49/00 ,  C10G49/14 ,  C10G11/18 ,  C10G35/14

CPC分类号： B01J8/125 ,  B01J8/008 ,  B01J8/1881 ,  B01J8/22 ,  C10G49/002 ,  C10G49/14 ,  B01J2208/00884

摘要： On-stream catalyst replacement hydroprocessing method wherein an upstream mixture of hydrogen and hydrocarbon liquid counter flows through a downwardly moving bed of hydroprocessing catalyst in a reactor vessel. The mixed feed stream of hydrogen and liquid hydrocarbon components enters a surge zone between the lower end of the reactor and a plenum zone to form a common pool under a conical support for the lower end of the downflowing catalyst bed. The mixed feed enters the plenum chamber through a plurality of passageways extending downwardly from the plenum zone to the same depth adjacent the lower end of the surge zone so that the liquid component normally prevents hydrogen from establishing independent paths before entering the plenum zone. Separation of the hydrogen and hydrocarbon liquid components from the mixed feed is thus assured to occur in the plenum zone directly below the pervious conical support to form a plurality of stepped concentric local reservoir rings under the conical support. Such rings are spaced apart sufficiently to create adjacent and alternate separate feed rings of hydrogen and hydrocarbon liquid. The depth of the lower end of each ring is intermediate the depth of the two radially adjacent concentric rings to maintain uniform feed of hydrogen and hydrocarbon liquid across the full cross-sectional area of the downflowing catalyst particles.

摘要翻译： 在线催化剂替代加氢处理方法，其中氢和烃液体计数器的上游混合物在反应器容器中流过加氢处理催化剂的向下移动的床。 氢和液态烃组分的混合进料流进入反应器下端和增压区之间的浪涌区，以形成用于向下流动的催化剂床的下端的圆锥形支撑下的公共池。 混合进料通过从充气室向下延伸到邻近冲击区的下端的相同深度的多个通道进入增压室，使得液体组分通常在进入增压区之前防止氢气建立独立的路径。 因此，可以确保从混合进料中分离氢气和烃液体组分直接位于可透过的锥形支撑件正下方的增压区中，以在圆锥形支撑件下面形成多个阶梯状的同心局部储层环。 这种环足够间隔开以产生氢和烃液体的相邻和替代的分开的进料环。 每个环的下端的深度位于两个径向相邻的同心环的深度之间，以保持氢和烃液体在向下流动的催化剂颗粒的整个横截面积上的均匀进料。

公开(公告)号：US20100001873A1

公开(公告)日：2010-01-07

申请号：US12435464

申请日：2009-05-05

申请人： Carol J. Johnson ,  Lisa A. Juhl ,  Lynn R. Koldenhoven ,  James T. McCall ,  Kathy S. Reding ,  Heather R. Selph

发明人： Carol J. Johnson ,  Lisa A. Juhl ,  Lynn R. Koldenhoven ,  James T. McCall ,  Kathy S. Reding ,  Heather R. Selph

IPC分类号： G08B21/00

CPC分类号： A45C11/182 ,  A45C13/002 ,  G11B31/02

摘要： Disclosed herein, among other things, is an audio apparatus for a financial transaction organizer. According to various embodiments, the audio apparatus includes a sound module adapted to detect use by a user. The audio apparatus further includes a speaker coupled to the sound module, in various embodiments. The speaker is adapted to output a sound after detecting use by a user.

摘要翻译： 这里公开了一种用于金融交易组织者的音频设备。 根据各种实施例，音频设备包括适于检测用户使用的声音模块。 在各种实施例中，音频设备还包括耦合到声音模块的扬声器。 扬声器适于在用户检测到使用之后输出声音。