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    Method for gas - solid contacting in a bubbling fluidized bed reactor
    1.
    发明申请
    Method for gas - solid contacting in a bubbling fluidized bed reactor 失效
    在鼓泡流化床反应器中气 - 固接触的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20020179489A1

    公开(公告)日：2002-12-05

    申请号：US09817744

    申请日：2001-03-26

    申请人： COUNCIL OF SCIENTIFIC & INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH

    发明人： Vasant Ramchandra Choudhary ,  Tushar Vasant Choudhary

    IPC分类号： C10G047/02 ,  C10G011/02 ,  C10G035/04

    CPC分类号： B01J8/1809 ,  B01J8/0055 ,  B01J8/1818 ,  B01J2208/00548 ,  C10G2/332 ,  C10G2/344 ,  C10G9/32 ,  C10G11/18 ,  C10G35/14 ,  C10G47/18 ,  C10G47/30

    摘要： The present invention relates to a method for gas-solid contacting in a bubbling fluidized bed reactor by: (a) introducing into a reactor with bed length to bed diameter ratio below about 5.0, a primary gas consisting essentially of reactant(s) of the reaction to be carried out in the bed of solid particles through a primary gas distributor located at the reactor bottom at a superficial gas velocity Up, which is very close or equivalent to the minimum fluidization velocity Umf, required for achieving the incipient fluidization of the solid particles in the bed to obtain an emulsion phase consisting essentially of the solid particles and the primary gas with little or no formation of gas bubbles to achieve incipient fluidization or liquid-like behavior of fluidizable solid particles; (b) forming gas bubbles in the incipiently fluidized bed by introducing through a secondary gas distributor located immediately above the primary gas distributor a secondary gas, selected from one of the reactants which is used in excess of that required for the reaction stoichiometry, steam, an inert or a mixture of two or more thereof at a superficial gas velocity, Us, which is related to the superficial velocity of the primary gas such that a ratio of the superficial velocity of the secondary gas to the superficial velocity of the primary gas Us/Up, is in the range from about 0.5 to about 10.0, preferably from about 1 to about 5.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通过以下步骤在鼓泡流化床反应器中气 - 固接触的方法：（a）将床长至床直径比低于约5.0引入反应器中，主要气体基本上由 在固体颗粒床上通过位于反应器底部的主气体分布器以表面气体速度Up进行反应，该气体速度Up非常接近或等于实现固体初始流化所需的最小流化速度Umf 以获得基本上由固体颗粒和初级气体组成的乳液相，其中很少或不形成气泡，以实现可流化固体颗粒的初始流化或液体状态; （b）在初始流化床中形成气泡，通过位于初级气体分配器正上方的二次气体分配器引入二次气体，二次气体选自使用超过反应化学计量所需反应物的一种反应物之一，蒸汽， 惰性或其两种或多种的混合物，其表面气体速度为Us，其与初级气体的表观速度相关，使得二次气体的表观速度与初级气体的表观速度Us /升，在约0.5至约10.0，优选约1至约5的范围内。

    PROCESS FOR THE SELECTIVE ESTERIFICATION OF TERTIARY ALCOHOL BY AN ACID ANHYDRIDE USING A REUSABLE SOLID CATALYST
    2.
    发明申请
    PROCESS FOR THE SELECTIVE ESTERIFICATION OF TERTIARY ALCOHOL BY AN ACID ANHYDRIDE USING A REUSABLE SOLID CATALYST 失效
    使用可重复使用的固体催化剂通过酸酐进行选择性醇化的方法

    公开(公告)号：US20020099238A1

    公开(公告)日：2002-07-25

    申请号：US09725642

    申请日：2000-11-29

    申请人： COUNCIL OF SCIENTIFIC & INDUSTRIAL RESEARCH

    发明人： Vasant Ramchandra Choudhary ,  Kshudiram Mantri ,  Suman Kumar Jana

    IPC分类号： C07C067/035

    CPC分类号： C07C67/08 ,  C07C69/003 ,  C07C69/14 ,  C07C69/157 ,  C07C69/78

    摘要： This invention provides an environmentally clean process for the selective esterfication of a tertiary alcohol (I) by an acid anhydride (II) to produce corresponding tertiary ester (III) and carboxylic acid (V), using a reusable solid catalyst (IV) comprising one or more halides of indium, gallium, zinc and iron. The process comprises: (i) contacting a mixture of (I) and (II) in the absence or presence of a non aqueous solvent with the fine particles of (IV) in a stirred hatch reactor provided with a reflux water condenser at atmospheric pressure at the reaction conditions, such that the mole ratio of (II) to (I) is in the range from about 0.1 to about 10.0; the weight ratio of (IV) to (InullII) is in the range from about 0.005 to about 0.5; the reaction temperate is below about 80null C.; and the reaction period is in the range from about 0.1 to about 50 h; (ii) removing the solid catalyst (IV) from the reaction mixture by filtration; and (iii) reusing the separated solid catalyst for subsequent batch of the process.

    摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种环境清洁方法，用于使用可重复使用的固体催化剂（IV）由酸酐（II）选择性酯化叔醇（I）以产生相应的叔酯（III）和羧酸（V） 或更多的铟，镓，锌和铁的卤化物。 该方法包括：（i）在不存在或不存在非水溶剂的情况下，将（I）和（II）的混合物与（IV）的细颗粒在设置有大气压力的回流水冷凝器的搅拌舱口反应器 在反应条件下使得（II）与（I）的摩尔比在约0.1至约10.0的范围内; （IV）至（I + II）的重量比在约0.005至约0.5的范围内; 反应温度低于约80℃。 反应时间为约0.1-50小时; （ii）通过过滤从反应混合物中除去固体催化剂（IV）; 和（iii）将分离的固体催化剂重新用于后续批次的方法。