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1.发明授权High speed, radiation tolerant, CT scintillator system employing garnet structure scintillators 失效高速，耐辐射，采用石榴石结构闪烁体的CT闪烁体系统
公开(公告)号：US5057692A
公开(公告)日：1991-10-15
申请号：US547007
申请日：1990-06-29
申请人： Charles D. Greskovich , William P. Minnear , Joseph P. Chernoch , David M. Hoffman , Robert J. Riedner
发明人： Charles D. Greskovich , William P. Minnear , Joseph P. Chernoch , David M. Hoffman , Robert J. Riedner
CPC分类号： G01T1/2023 , C09K11/7708 , C09K11/7774 , C09K11/7776 , C30B29/28 , C30B15/00
摘要： Selected scintillator materials provided in transparent block form for use in systems such as CT scanning systems employ a garnet host material for an activator ion which provides the desired luminescence. The garnet host material preferably includes gadolinium as one of its components in order to provide a transparent host material in bar form which has a high x-ray stopping power (where the radiation to be detected is x-ray radiation). Chromium, cerium and neodymium are preferred activator materials.
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公开(公告)号：US06344649B2
公开(公告)日：2002-02-05
申请号：US08977439
申请日：1997-11-26
申请人： Robert J. Riedner , Erdogan O. Gurmen , David M. Hoffman , August O. Englert , Timothy J. Sporer , Matthew R. Schedler
发明人： Robert J. Riedner , Erdogan O. Gurmen , David M. Hoffman , August O. Englert , Timothy J. Sporer , Matthew R. Schedler
IPC分类号： G01T120
CPC分类号： G01N23/04 , G01T1/2002 , G01T1/202
摘要： Apparatus and methods for fabricating scintillators for use in a CT systems are described. Adjacent scintillator elements are separated by gaps filled with a composition of white diffuse reflective material, a light absorber, and a castable polymer. The composition increases the strength of the signal to the photodiode by minimizing the amount of light that is lost by the scintillator elements. Additionally, the light absorber minimizes the amount of light transferred between adjacent scintillator elements to limit cross-talk. In addition, the outer edges of the scintillator may have a lower amount of light absorber to compensate for the light lost from the periphery.
摘要翻译： 描述了用于制造用于CT系统的闪烁体的装置和方法。 相邻的闪烁体元件由填充有白色漫反射材料，光吸收剂和可浇注聚合物的组合物的间隙分开。 组合物通过使闪烁体元件损失的光量最小化来增加信号对光电二极管的强度。 另外，光吸收器最小化在相邻的闪烁体元件之间传输的光的量以限制串扰。 此外，闪烁器的外边缘可以具有较少量的光吸收器，以补偿从周边损失的光。
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3.发明授权公开(公告)号：US06448566B1
公开(公告)日：2002-09-10
申请号：US09681301
申请日：2001-03-15
IPC分类号： G01T124
CPC分类号： G01T1/202
摘要： To provide simpler, more efficient methods for making scintillator arrays, one embodiment of the present invention is a method for making a scintillator array. The method includes extruding a mixture of a scintillator powder and a binder into rods; laminating the extruded rods with a sinterable reflector material; and sintering the laminated rods and reflector material into a scintillator block. Scintillator array embodiments of the present invention are useful in many types of pixelated radiation detectors, such as those used in computed tomography systems.
摘要翻译： 为了提供更简单，更有效的制造闪烁体阵列的方法，本发明的一个实施例是制造闪烁体阵列的方法。 该方法包括将闪烁体粉末和粘合剂的混合物挤出到棒中; 用可烧结的反射器材料层压挤出的棒; 并将层压棒和反射体材料烧结成闪烁体块。 本发明的闪烁体阵列实施例可用于许多类型的像素化辐射检测器，例如在计算机断层摄影系统中使用的那些。
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4.发明授权Direct conversion energy discriminating CT detector with over-ranging correction 失效直接转换能量鉴别CT检测器具有超范围校正公开(公告)号：US07697659B2
公开(公告)日：2010-04-13
申请号：US12194072
申请日：2008-08-19
IPC分类号： A61B6/03
CPC分类号： G01T1/2928 , A61B6/032 , A61B6/4241 , A61B6/5205
摘要： A CT detector capable of energy discrimination and direct conversion is disclosed. The detector includes multiple layers of semiconductor material with the layers having varying thicknesses. The detector is constructed to be segmented in the x-ray penetration direction so as to optimize count rate performance as well as avoid saturation. The detector also includes variable pixel pitch and a flexible binning of pixels to further enhance count rate performance.
摘要翻译： 公开了能够鉴别和直接转换的CT检测器。 检测器包括多层半导体材料，其中层具有变化的厚度。 检测器被构造成在x射线穿透方向上分段，以便优化计数率性能以及避免饱和。 检测器还包括可变像素间距和灵活的像素分组，以进一步提高计数率性能。
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公开(公告)号：US07609804B2
公开(公告)日：2009-10-27
申请号：US11552477
申请日：2006-10-24
申请人： David M. Hoffman
发明人： David M. Hoffman
IPC分类号： A61B6/03
CPC分类号： G21K1/025
摘要： Cast collimators for use in CT imaging systems are described, as are methods of making them. Such collimators may comprise pre-patient collimators, pre-patient filter/collimator assemblies, and/or post-patient collimators. The filters and/or collimators may be made of any suitable high-density, high atomic number material such as lead, a lead alloy, tantalum, tungsten, tungsten suspended in an epoxy matrix, tungsten suspended in a slurry, or the like. Embodiments of these collimators comprise specially-designed channels and vanes that allow them to be precision cast to the necessary degree of accuracy. These channels and vanes are preferably tapered. These collimators and filter/collimator assemblies help minimize the x-ray dose to the patient by minimizing the scattered radiation creation mechanism and by collimating out much of the scattered radiation that would otherwise be subjected to the patient. These collimators may be cast as either single piece structures, or multiple pieces that can be operatively connected together.
摘要翻译： 描述了用于CT成像系统的投射准直仪，以及制作它们的方法。 这种准直器可以包括患者前准直仪，患者前过滤器/准直器组件和/或患者后准直仪。 过滤器和/或准直器可以由任何合适的高密度，高原子序数的材料制成，例如铅，铅合金，钽，钨，悬浮在环氧基体中的钨，悬浮在浆液中的钨等。 这些准直器的实施例包括专门设计的通道和叶片，使得它们能够精确地铸造到必要的精度。 这些通道和叶片优选是锥形的。 这些准直器和过滤器/准直器组件通过最小化散射辐射产生机制并且通过准直许多否则将经受患者的散射辐射来帮助使患者的x射线剂量最小化。 这些准直器可以被铸造为单件结构，或者可以可操作地连接在一起的多个件。
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6.发明授权Energy discriminating detector with direct conversion layer and indirect conversion layer 有权能量鉴别检测器，具有直接转换层和间接转换层公开(公告)号：US07532703B2
公开(公告)日：2009-05-12
申请号：US11692304
申请日：2007-03-28
申请人： Yanfeng Du , J. Eric Tkaczyk , David M. Hoffman
发明人： Yanfeng Du , J. Eric Tkaczyk , David M. Hoffman
IPC分类号： A61B6/00
CPC分类号： G01T1/2985 , A61B6/032 , A61B6/4241 , A61B6/482 , G01T1/20 , G01T1/2018 , G01T1/242 , G01T1/249
摘要： A diagnostic imaging system includes a high frequency electromagnetic energy source that emits a beam of high frequency electromagnetic energy toward an object to be imaged. An energy discriminating (ED) detector receives high frequency electromagnetic energy emitted by the high frequency electromagnetic energy source. The ED detector includes a direct conversion layer dynamically operable in a photon counting mode in one view and in an integrating mode in another view and an indirect conversion layer. A data acquisition system (DAS) is operably connected to the ED detector and a computer operably connected to the DAS.
摘要翻译： 诊断成像系统包括向待成像对象发射高频电磁能束的高频电磁能源。 能量识别（ED）检测器接收由高频电磁能源发出的高频电磁能。 ED检测器包括在一个视图中以在另一视图和间接转换层中的积分模式中以光子计数模式动态操作的直接转换层。 数据采集系统（DAS）可操作地连接到ED检测器和可操作地连接到DAS的计算机。
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7.发明申请ENERGY DISCRIMINATING DETECTOR WITH DIRECT CONVERSION LAYER AND INDIRECT CONVERSION LAYER 有权具有直接转换层和间接转换层的能量鉴别探测器公开(公告)号：US20080240339A1
公开(公告)日：2008-10-02
申请号：US11692304
申请日：2007-03-28
申请人： Yanfeng Du , J. Eric Tkaczyk , David M. Hoffman
发明人： Yanfeng Du , J. Eric Tkaczyk , David M. Hoffman
CPC分类号： G01T1/2985 , A61B6/032 , A61B6/4241 , A61B6/482 , G01T1/20 , G01T1/2018 , G01T1/242 , G01T1/249
摘要： A diagnostic imaging system includes a high frequency electromagnetic energy source that emits a beam of high frequency electromagnetic energy toward an object to be imaged. An energy discriminating (ED) detector receives high frequency electromagnetic energy emitted by the high frequency electromagnetic energy source. The ED detector includes a direct conversion layer dynamically operable in a photon counting mode in one view and in an integrating mode in another view and an indirect conversion layer. A data acquisition system (DAS) is operably connected to the ED detector and a computer operably connected to the DAS.
摘要翻译： 诊断成像系统包括向待成像对象发射高频电磁能束的高频电磁能源。 能量识别（ED）检测器接收由高频电磁能源发出的高频电磁能。 ED检测器包括在一个视图中以在另一视图和间接转换层中的积分模式中以光子计数模式动态操作的直接转换层。 数据采集系统（DAS）可操作地连接到ED检测器和可操作地连接到DAS的计算机。
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8.发明授权System and method of collecting imaging subject positioning information for x-ray flux control 有权用于x射线通量控制的成像对象定位信息的采集系统和方法公开(公告)号：US07313217B2
公开(公告)日：2007-12-25
申请号：US10765618
申请日：2004-01-27
申请人： Thomas L. Toth , David M. Hoffman
发明人： Thomas L. Toth , David M. Hoffman
IPC分类号： G01N23/00
CPC分类号： A61B6/032 , A61B6/4035 , A61B6/4241 , A61B6/4488 , A61B6/469 , A61B6/488 , A61B6/544 , A61B6/583
摘要： A system and method of diagnostic imaging is provided that includes positioning a subject in an imaging device, collecting positioning information of the subject from at least one sensor disposed in proximity of the imaging device, and determining a relative position of the subject within the imaging device from at least the position information. The present invention automatically selects a proper attenuation filter configuration, corrects patient centering, and corrects noise prediction errors, thereby increasing dose efficiency and tube output.
摘要翻译： 提供了诊断成像的系统和方法，其包括将成像装置定位在成像装置中，从设置在成像装置附近的至少一个传感器收集对象的定位信息，以及确定成像装置内的对象的相对位置 至少从位置信息。 本发明自动选择适当的衰减滤波器配置，校正患者居中，并且校正噪声预测误差，从而提高剂量效率和管输出。
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公开(公告)号：US07173998B2
公开(公告)日：2007-02-06
申请号：US11423277
申请日：2006-06-09
申请人： David M. Hoffman , Michael F. Hoge
发明人： David M. Hoffman , Michael F. Hoge
IPC分类号： H05G1/64
CPC分类号： G01T1/2018 , A61B6/032 , A61B6/4291 , G01N23/046 , G01N2223/419 , G01N2223/612 , G01T1/2002 , G01T1/202 , G01T1/2985
摘要： The present invention is a directed to a CT detector for a CT imaging system that incorporates a segmented optical coupler between a photodiode array and a scintillator array. The segmented optical coupler also operates as a light collimator which improves the light collection efficiency of the photodiode array. The segmented optical coupler is defined by a series of reflector elements that collectively form a plurality of open cells. The open cells form light transmission cavities and facilitate the collimation of light from a scintillator to a photodiode. The cavities may be filled with optical epoxy for sealing to the photodiode array.
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10.发明授权Method and system of dynamically controlling shaping time of a photon counting energy-sensitive radiation detector to accommodate variations in incident radiation flux levels 有权动态控制光子计数能量敏感辐射探测器的成形时间以适应入射辐射通量水平的变化的方法和系统公开(公告)号：US07149278B2
公开(公告)日：2006-12-12
申请号：US10711329
申请日：2004-09-10
申请人： Jerome Arenson , David M. Hoffman
发明人： Jerome Arenson , David M. Hoffman
IPC分类号： H05G1/26
CPC分类号： G01T1/17 , A61B6/4241 , G01T1/1647 , G01T1/2985
摘要： A method and system of counting and tagging radiation energy received by a radiation detector is presented. The method and system are designed to dynamically control the sampling window or shaping time characteristics of a photon counting detector to accommodate variations of flux experienced by the detector so as to preserve optimum detector performance and prevent saturation during high flux conditions.
摘要翻译： 提出了一种对辐射检测器接收的辐射能进行计数和标记的方法和系统。 该方法和系统被设计为动态地控制光子计数检测器的采样窗口或成形时间特性，以适应检测器所经受的通量的变化，从而保持最佳检测器性能并防止高通量条件下的饱和。
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