公开(公告)号：US4437156A

公开(公告)日：1984-03-13

申请号：US227019

申请日：1981-01-21

申请人： Chris J. Christopher ,  Fred W. Wenninger ,  Donald E. Morris ,  Wayne F. Covington ,  Jerry B. Folsom ,  Joseph W. Beyers ,  John H. Nairn ,  Jeffrey C. Osborne

发明人： Chris J. Christopher ,  Fred W. Wenninger ,  Donald E. Morris ,  Wayne F. Covington ,  Jerry B. Folsom ,  Joseph W. Beyers ,  John H. Nairn ,  Jeffrey C. Osborne

IPC分类号： G06F15/02 ,  G06F9/06 ,  G06F3/023 ,  G06F9/40

CPC分类号： G06F15/02

摘要： An adaptable programmable calculator employs modular read-write and read-only memories separately expandable to provide additional program and data storage functions within the calculator oriented toward the environment of the user, and an LSI NMOS central processing unit, which includes the capability of bidirectionally transferring information between itself and various input/output units. The input/output units include a keyboard input unit having a full complement of alphanumeric keys, a magnetic tape cassette reading and recording unit capable of bidirectionally transferring programs and data between the calculator and a magnetic tape, a 32-character solid state output display unit capable of displaying every alphabetic and numeric character. The calculator employs a natural algebraic program language that allows the user to enter lines of one or more alphanumeric algebraic statements into the calculator from the keyboard input unit while visually observing each line as it is entered to check for errors therein. The user may immediately execute each entered line or store that line as part of a program in the read-write memory, may subsequently recall the executed or stored line so that it may be reinspected, and, if necessary, edited and re-executed or re-stored, thereby automatically replacing the previously stored line. The program language of the calculator is contained within a plug-in language read-only memory and may be changed by inserting a different language read-only memory.

摘要翻译： 适应性强的可编程计算器采用单独可扩展的模块化读写和只读存储器，在面向用户环境的计算器内提供额外的程序和数据存储功能，以及LSI NMOS中央处理单元，其包括双向传输 本身与各种输入/输出单元之间的信息。 输入/输出单元包括具有完整字母数字键的键盘输入单元，能够在计算器和磁带之间双向传送程序和数据的磁带盒读取和记录单元，32个字符的固态输出显示单元 能够显示每个字母和数字字符。 计算器采用自然代数程序语言，允许用户从键盘输入单元输入一个或多个字母数字代数语句的行，同时在输入时直观地观察每行，以检查其中的错误。 用户可以立即执行每个输入的行或将该行存储在读写存储器中的程序的一部分，随后可以调用执行或存储的行，使其可以被重新检查，并且如果需要，可以编辑和重新执行， 重新存储，从而自动替换以前存储的行。 计算器的程序语言包含在插件语言只读存储器中，并且可以通过插入不同的语言只读存储器来改变。

公开(公告)号：US4075679A

公开(公告)日：1978-02-21

申请号：US638381

申请日：1975-12-08

申请人： Chris J. Christopher ,  Fred W. Wenninger ,  Donald E. Morris ,  Wayne F. Covington ,  Jerry B. Folsom ,  Joseph W. Beyers ,  John H. Nairn ,  Jeffrey C. Osborne

发明人： Chris J. Christopher ,  Fred W. Wenninger ,  Donald E. Morris ,  Wayne F. Covington ,  Jerry B. Folsom ,  Joseph W. Beyers ,  John H. Nairn ,  Jeffrey C. Osborne

IPC分类号： G06F15/02 ,  G06F3/02 ,  G06F9/18

CPC分类号： G06F15/02

摘要： An adaptable programmable calculator employs modular read-write and read-only memories separately expandable to provide additional program and data storage functions within the calculator oriented toward the environment of the user, and an LSI NMOS central processing unit, capable of handling sixteen-bit parallel binary operations, binary-coded-decimal arithmetic, sixteen-bit parallel input/output operations, two-level interrupt from up to sixteen input/output devices, and a direct memory access channel. The input/output units include a keyboard input unit having a full complement of alphanumeric keys, a magnetic tape cassette reading and recording unit capable of bidirectionally transferring programs and data between the calculator and a magnetic tape, a 32-character solid state output display unit capable of displaying every alphabetic and numeric character and many other symbols individually or in combination, and a sixteen-column alphanumeric thermal printer for printing results of computations, program listings, messages generated by the user and the calculator itself, and error conditions encountered during use of the calculator. All of these input/output units are included within the calculator itself. Many other external input/output units may be employed with the calculator. The calculator may be operated manually by the user from the keyboard input unit or automatically through a program stored within the read-write memory to perform calculations and to provide an output indication of the results thereof. While a program stored within the read-write memory is being executed, the user can perform calculations manually from the keyboard. Execution of the program is temporarily suspended at convenient points within the program to allow execution of the calculations manually selected by the user. If desired, the user may be prevented from manually selecting calculations from the keyboard input unit by disabling the keyboard input unit during program execution. The calculator employs a natural algebraic program language that allows the user to enter lines of one or more alphanumeric algebraic statements into the calculator from the keyboard input unit while visually observing each line as it is entered to check for errors therein. The user may immediately execute each entered line or store that line as part of a program in the read-write memory, may subsequently recall the executed or stored line so that it may be reinspected, and, if necessary, edited and re-executed or re-stored, thereby automatically replacing the previously stored line. The program language of the calculator is contained within a plug-in language read-only memory and may be changed by inserting a different language read-only memory.

公开(公告)号：US4127897A

公开(公告)日：1978-11-28

申请号：US760801

申请日：1977-01-19

申请人： Richard M. Spangler ,  Eugene V. Burmeister ,  Frank E. Cada ,  Wayne F. Covington ,  Chris J. Christopher ,  Myles A. Judd ,  Freddie W. Wenninger ,  Robert E. Watson ,  Kent W. Simcoe

发明人： Richard M. Spangler ,  Eugene V. Burmeister ,  Frank E. Cada ,  Wayne F. Covington ,  Chris J. Christopher ,  Myles A. Judd ,  Freddie W. Wenninger ,  Robert E. Watson ,  Kent W. Simcoe

IPC分类号： G06F15/02 ,  G06F3/00 ,  G06F3/02 ,  G06F5/02

CPC分类号： G06F15/0233

摘要： An adaptable programmable calculator is provided by employing a modular read-write and read-only memory unit capable of being expanded to provide the calculator with additional program and data storage functions oriented towards the environment of the user, a central processing unit capable of performing both serial binary and parallel binary-coded-decimal arithmetic, and an input-output control unit capable of bidirectionally transferring information between the memory or central processing units and a number of input and output units. The memory, central processor, and input-output control units are controlled by a microprocessor included in the central processing unit.The input and output units include a keyboard input unit with a plurality of alphanumeric keys, a magnetic tape cassette reading and recording unit capable of bidirectionally transferring programs and data between a magnetic tape and the calculator, and a solid state output display unit capable of displaying every alphabetic and numeric character and many other symbols individually or in combination. All of these input and output units are included within the calculator itself. An output printer, and X-Y plotter, a typewriter, a teletypewriter, a magnetic or paper tape reading and recording unit, an extended read-write memory unit, a magnetic disc reading and recording unit, a modem for connecting the calculator via telephone lines to a remotely located computer, and many other peripheral input and output units may also be employed with the calculator.The calculator may be operated manually by the user from the keyboard input unit or automatically by a program stored within the memory unit to perform calculations and provide an output indication of the results thereof. It may also be employed to load programs into the memory unit from the keyboard input unit, to separately or collectively transfer data and programs bidirectionally between the memory unit and an external magnetic tape and to code programs or sections thereof stored in the memory unit as being secure when they are transferred to an external magnetic tape, thereby preventing users of the calculator from again transferring them to an external magnetic tape or obtaining any indication of the individual program steps once they are reloaded into the calculator. In addition, the calculator may be employed to edit programs stored in the memory unit and to print out program lists, labels, and messages.The calculator employs an extended version of BASIC computer language and allows the user to enter a line comprising an alphanumeric statement into the calculator from the keyboard input unit while visually observing an alphanumeric display of that line to check for errors therein, permitting the user to cause the entered lines to be immediately executed by the calculator or stored as part of a program within the memory unit, and permitting the user to subsequently recall the executed or stored line so that it may be reinspected, reevaluated, and, if necessary, edited and executed or re-executed, or restored in edited form. Any entered or recalled information may be edited by employing the keyboard input unit to selectively delete or replace incorrect or undesired portions of the information or to selectively insert corrected or previously omitted portions thereof on a line-by-line or character-by-character basis. Syntax errors are automatically detected by the calculator when the entered statement is terminated, and execution errors are automatically detected upon attempted execution of the statement or statements. Both types of errors are indicated to the user via error messages displayed by the output display unit. In the event the calculator is being used in combination with an external printer unit indications of syntax or execution errors may, if desired, be printed.The calculator employs a compiler for converting each statement entered into the calculator in BASIC language into an internal stored format. It also employs an uncompiler for regenerating in the BASIC language statement any entered line converted to the internal stored format. The compiler and uncompiler operate on a line-by-line basis.The magnetic tape cassette reading and recording unit employed in the calculator allows the user to chain together several program segments and allows program manipulation of several blocks of data on an individual basis, thereby providing more efficient utilization of the available calculator memory. An interrupt feature of the cassette unit facilitates searching for a particular file located on a magnetic tape at the same time the calculator is performing other functions.

摘要翻译： 通过采用能够被扩展以向计算器提供面向用户环境的附加程序和数据存储功能的模块化读写和只读存储器单元来提供可适应性可编程计算器，能够执行两者的中央处理单元 串行二进制和并行二进制编码十进制算术，以及能够在存储器或中央处理单元之间双向传送信息和多个输入和输出单元的输入输出控制单元。 存储器，中央处理器和输入输出控制单元由包括在中央处理单元中的微处理器控制。

公开(公告)号：US4546448A

公开(公告)日：1985-10-08

申请号：US421591

申请日：1982-09-22

申请人： Richard M. Spangler ,  Eugene V. Burmeister ,  Frank E. Cada ,  Chris J. Christopher ,  Wayne F. Covington ,  Myles A. Judd ,  Freddie W. Wenninger ,  Robert E. Watson ,  Kent W. Simcoe

发明人： Richard M. Spangler ,  Eugene V. Burmeister ,  Frank E. Cada ,  Chris J. Christopher ,  Wayne F. Covington ,  Myles A. Judd ,  Freddie W. Wenninger ,  Robert E. Watson ,  Kent W. Simcoe

IPC分类号： G06F15/02 ,  G06F3/02 ,  G06F9/06

CPC分类号： G06F15/02

摘要： A programmable calculator utilizes an initialization key for setting all program variables, including array variables that are stored as part of a program in the calculator memory, to a predetermined initial value.

摘要翻译： 可编程计算器利用初始化键将所有程序变量（包括存储在计算器存储器中的程序的一部分的数组变量）设置为预定的初始值。

公开(公告)号：US4366553A

公开(公告)日：1982-12-28

申请号：US200281

申请日：1980-10-24

申请人： Richard M. Spangler ,  Eugene V. Burmeister ,  Frank E. Cada ,  Wayne F. Covington ,  Chris J. Christopher ,  Myles A. Judd ,  Freddie W. Wenninger ,  Robert E. Watson ,  Kent W. Simcoe

发明人： Richard M. Spangler ,  Eugene V. Burmeister ,  Frank E. Cada ,  Wayne F. Covington ,  Chris J. Christopher ,  Myles A. Judd ,  Freddie W. Wenninger ,  Robert E. Watson ,  Kent W. Simcoe

IPC分类号： G06F15/02 ,  G06F3/023

CPC分类号： G06F15/0233 ,  G06F15/02

摘要： An adaptable programmable calculator is provided by employing a modular read-write and read-only memory unit capable of being expanded to provide the calculator with additional program and data storage functions oriented towards the environment of the user, a central processing unit capable of performing both serial binary and parallel binary-coded-decimal arithmetic, and an input-output control unit capable of bidirectionally transferring information between the memory or central processing units and a number of input and output units. The memory, central processor, and input-output control units are controlled by a microprocessor included in the central processing unit. Also the calculator may be operated manually by the user from an alphanumeric keyboard input unit or automatically by a program stored within the memory unit to perform calculations and provide an output indication of the results thereof. It may also be employed to load programs into the memory unit from the keyboard input unit. Also, the computer language allows the user to enter a line comprising an alphanumeric statement into the calculator from the keyboard input unit while visually observing an alphanumeric display of that line to check for errors therein, permitting the user to cause the entered lines to be immediately executed by the calculator or stored as part of a program within the memory unit, and permitting the user to subsequently recall the executed or stored line so that it may be reinspected, reevaluated, and, if necessary, edited and executed or re-executed, or restored in edited form. The calculator employs a compiler for converting each statement entered into the calculator in BASIC language into an internal stored format. It also employs an uncompiler for regenerating in the BASIC language statement any entered line converted to the internal stored format. The compiler and uncompiler operate on a line-by-line basis.

摘要翻译： 通过采用能够被扩展以向计算器提供面向用户环境的附加程序和数据存储功能的模块化读写和只读存储器单元来提供可适应性可编程计算器，能够执行两者的中央处理单元 串行二进制和并行二进制编码十进制算术，以及能够在存储器或中央处理单元之间双向传送信息和多个输入和输出单元的输入输出控制单元。 存储器，中央处理器和输入输出控制单元由包括在中央处理单元中的微处理器控制。 此外，计算器可以由用户从字母数字键盘输入单元手动操作，或者由存储在存储器单元内的程序自动操作，以执行计算并提供其结果的输出指示。 也可以从键盘输入单元将程序加载到存储器单元中。 此外，计算机语言允许用户从键盘输入单元输入包括字母数字语句的行到计算器中，同时在视觉上观察该行的字母数字显示以检查其中的错误，允许用户立即使输入的行立即 由计算器执行或作为程序的一部分存储在存储器单元内，并且允许用户随后调用所执行或存储的行，使得其可以被重新检查，重新评估，并且如果需要，被编辑和执行或重新执行， 或以编辑形式恢复。 计算器使用编译器将以BASIC语言输入计算器的每个语句转换为内部存储格式。 它还使用未编译器在BASIC语言语句中重新生成转换为内部存储格式的任何输入的行。 编译器和未编译器在逐行的基础上运行。

公开(公告)号：US4126898A

公开(公告)日：1978-11-21

申请号：US760802

申请日：1977-01-19

申请人： Richard M. Spangler ,  Eugene V. Burmeister ,  Frank E. Cada ,  Wayne F. Covington ,  Chris J. Christopher ,  Myles A. Judd ,  Freddie W. Wenninger ,  Robert E. Watson ,  Kent W. Simcoe

发明人： Richard M. Spangler ,  Eugene V. Burmeister ,  Frank E. Cada ,  Wayne F. Covington ,  Chris J. Christopher ,  Myles A. Judd ,  Freddie W. Wenninger ,  Robert E. Watson ,  Kent W. Simcoe

IPC分类号： G06F15/02 ,  G06F3/04 ,  G06F11/00 ,  G06F13/00

CPC分类号： G06F15/02

摘要： An adaptable programmable calculator is provided by employing a modular read-write and read-only memory unit capable of being expanded to provide the calculator with additional program and data storage functions oriented towards the environment of the user, a central processing unit capable of performing both serial binary and parallel binary-coded-decimal arithmetic, and an input-output control unit capable of bidirectionally transferring information between the memory or central processing units and a number of input and output units. The memory, central processor, and input-output control units are controlled by a microprocessor included in the central processing unit.The input and output units include a keyboard input unit with a plurality of alphanumeric keys, a magnetic tape cassette reading and recording unit capable of bidirectionally transferring programs and data between a magnetic tape and the calculator and, a solid state output display unit capable of displaying every alphabetic and numeric character and many other symbols individually or in combination. All of these input and output units are included within the calculator itself. An output printer, an X-Y plotter, a typewriter, a teletypewriter, a magnetic or paper tape reading and recording unit, an extended read-write memory unit, a magnetic disc reading and recording unit, a modem for connecting the calculator via telephone lines to a remotely located computer, and many other peripheral input and output units may also be employed with the calculator.The calculator may be operated manually by the user from the keyboard input unit or automatically by a program stored within the memory unit to perform calculations and provide an output indication of the results thereof. It may also be employed to load programs into the memory unit from the keyboard input unit, to separately or collectively transfer data and programs bidirectionally between the memory unit and an external magnetic tape and to code programs or sections thereof stored in the memory unit as being secure when they are transferred to an external magnetic tape, thereby preventing users of the calculator from again transferring them to an external magnetic tape or obtaining any indication of the individual program steps once they are reloaded into the calculator. In addition, the calculator may be employed to edit programs stored in the memory unit and to print out program lists, labels, and messages.The calculator employs an extended version of BASIC computer language and allows the user to enter a line comprising an alphanumeric statement into the calculator from the keyboard input unit while visually observing an alphanumeric display of that line to check for errors therein, permitting the user to cause the entered lines to be immediately executed by the calculator or stored as part of a program within the memory unit, and permitting the user to subsequently recall the executed or stored line so that it may be reinspected, reevaluated, and, if necessary, edited and executed and re-executed, or restored in edited form. Any entered or recalled information may be edited by employing the keyboard input unit to selectively delete or replace incorrect or undesired portions of the information or to selectively insert corrected or previously omitted portions thereof on a line-by-line or character-by-character basis. Syntax errors are automatically detected by the calculator when the entered statement is terminated, and execution errors are automatically detected upon attempted execution of the statement or statements. Both types of errors are indicated to the user via error messages displayed by the output display unit. In the event the calculator is being used in combination with an external printer unit indications of syntax or execution errors may, if desired, be printed.The calculator employs a compiler for converting each statement entered into the calculator in BASIC language into an internal stored format. It also employs an uncompiler for regenerating in the BASIC language statement any entered line converted to the internal stored format. The compiler and uncompiler operate on a line-by-line basis.The magnetic tape cassette reading and recording unit employed in the calculator allows the user to chain together several program segments and allows program manipulation of several blocks of data on an individual basis, thereby providing more efficient utilization of the available calculator memory. An interrupt feature of the cassette unit facilitates searching for a particular file located on a magnetic tape at the same time the calculator is performing other functions.

摘要翻译： 通过采用能够被扩展以向计算器提供面向用户环境的附加程序和数据存储功能的模块化读写和只读存储器单元来提供可适应性可编程计算器，能够执行两者的中央处理单元 串行二进制和并行二进制编码十进制算术，以及能够在存储器或中央处理单元之间双向传送信息和多个输入和输出单元的输入输出控制单元。 存储器，中央处理器和输入输出控制单元由包括在中央处理单元中的微处理器控制。

公开(公告)号：US4322816A

公开(公告)日：1982-03-30

申请号：US158675

申请日：1980-06-12

申请人： Richard M. Spangler ,  Eugene V. Burmeister ,  Frank E. Cada ,  Wayne F. Covington ,  Chris J. Christopher ,  Myles A. Judd ,  Freddie W. Wenninger ,  Robert E. Watson ,  Kent W. Simcoe

发明人： Richard M. Spangler ,  Eugene V. Burmeister ,  Frank E. Cada ,  Wayne F. Covington ,  Chris J. Christopher ,  Myles A. Judd ,  Freddie W. Wenninger ,  Robert E. Watson ,  Kent W. Simcoe

IPC分类号： G06F3/147 ,  G06F15/02 ,  G06F3/13 ,  G06F3/02 ,  G06K15/22

CPC分类号： G06F15/0233 ,  G06F3/147

摘要： An adaptable programmable calculator is provided by employing a modular read-write and read-only memory unit capable of being expanded to provide the calculator with additional program and data storage functions oriented towards the environment of the user, a central processing unit capable of performing both serial binary and parallel binary-coded-decimal arithmetic, and an input-output control unit capable of bidirectionally transferring information between the memory or central processing units and a number of input and output units. The memory, central processor, and input-output control units are controlled by a microprocessor included in the central processing unit.The input and output units include a keyboard input unit with a plurality of alphanumeric keys, a magnetic tape cassette reading and recording unit capable of bidirectionally transferring programs and data between a magnetic tape and the calculator, and a solid state output display unit capable of displaying every alphabetic and numeric character and many other symbols individually or in combination. All of these input and output units are included within the calculator itself. An output printer, an X-Y plotter, a typewriter, a teletypewriter, a magnetic or paper tape reading and recording unit, an extended read-write memory unit, a magnetic disc reading and recording unit, a modem for connecting the calculator via telephone lines to a remotely located computer, and many other peripheral input and output units may also be employed with the calculator.The calculator may be operated manually by the user from the keyboard input unit or automatically by a program stored within the memory unit to perform calculations and provide an output indication of the results thereof. It may also be employed to load programs into the memory unit from the keyboard input unit, to separately or collectively transfer data and programs bidirectionally between the memory unit and an external magnetic tape and to code programs or sections thereof stored in the memory unit as being secure when they are transferred to an external magnetic tape, whereby preventing users of the calculator from again transferring them to an external magnetic tape or obtaining any indication of the individual program steps once they are reloaded into the calculator. In addition, the calculator may be employed to edit programs stored in the memory unit and to print out program lists, labels, and messages.The calculator employs an extended version of BASIC computer language and allows the user to enter a line comprising an alphanumeric statement into the calculator from the keyboard input unit while visually observing an alphanumeric display of that line to check for errors therein, permitting the user to cause the entered lines to be immediately executed by the calculator or stored as part of a program within the memory unit, and permitting the user to subsequently recall the executed or stored line so that it may be reinspected, reevaluated, and, if necessary edited and executed or re-executed, or restored in edited form. Any entered or recalled information may be edited by employing the keyboard input unit to selectively delete or replace incorrect or undesired portions of the information or to selectively insert corrected or previously omitted portions thereof on a line-by-line or character-by-character basis. Syntax errors are automatically detected by the calculator when the entered statement is terminated, and execution errors are automatically detected upon attempted execution of the statement or statements. Both types of errors are indicated to the user via error messages displayed by the output display unit. In the event the calculator is being used in combination with an external printer unit indications of syntax or execution errors may, if desired, be printed.The calculator employs a compiler for converting each statement entered into the calculator in BASIC language into an internal stored format. It also employs an uncompiler for regenerating in the BASIC language statement any entered line converted to the internal stored format. The compiler and uncompiler operate on a line-by-line basis.The magnetic tape cassette reading and recording unit employed in the calculator allows the user to chain together several program segments and allows program manipulation of several blocks of data on an individual basis, thereby providing more efficient utilization of the available calculator memory. An interrupt feature of the cassette unit facilitates searching for a particular file located on a magnetic tape at the same time the calculator is performing other functions.

公开(公告)号：US4012725A

公开(公告)日：1977-03-15

申请号：US469727

申请日：1974-05-30

申请人： Richard M. Spangler ,  Eugene V. Burmeister ,  Frank E. Cada ,  Wayne F. Covington ,  Chris J. Christopher ,  Myles A. Judd ,  Freddie W. Wenninger ,  Robert E. Watson ,  Kent W. Simcoe

发明人： Richard M. Spangler ,  Eugene V. Burmeister ,  Frank E. Cada ,  Wayne F. Covington ,  Chris J. Christopher ,  Myles A. Judd ,  Freddie W. Wenninger ,  Robert E. Watson ,  Kent W. Simcoe

IPC分类号： G06F15/02 ,  G06F15/40 ,  G06F3/14 ,  G06F7/38

CPC分类号： G06F15/0233 ,  G06F15/02

摘要： An adaptable programmable calculator is provided by employing a modular read-write and read-only memory unit capable of being expanded to provide the calculator with additional program and data storage functions oriented towards the environment of the user, a central processing unit capable of performing both serial binary and parallel binary-coded-decimal arithmetic, and an input-output control unit capable of bidirectionally transferring information between the memory or central processing units and a number of input and output units. The memory, central processor, and input-output control units are controlled by a microprocessor included in the central processing unit.The input and output units include a keyboard input unit with a plurality of alphanumeric keys, a magnetic tape cassette reading and recording unit capable of bidirectionally transferring programs and data between a magnetic tape and the calculator and, a solid state output display unit capable of displaying every alphabetic and numeric character and many other symbols individually or in combination. All of these input and output units are included within the calculator itself. An output printer, an X-Y plotter, a typewriter, a teletypewriter, a magnetic or paper tape reading and recording unit, an extended read-write memory unit, a magnetic disc reading and recording unit, a modem for connecting the calculator via telephone lines to a remotely located computer, and many other peripheral input and output units may also be employed with the calculator.The calculator may be operated manually by the user from the keyboard input unit or automatically by a program stored within the memory unit to perform calculations and provide an output indication of the results thereof. It may also be employed to load programs into the memory unit from the keyboard input unit, to separately or collectively transfer data and programs bidirectionally between the memory unit and an external magnetic tape and to code programs or sections thereof stored in the memory unit as being secure when they are transferred to an external magnetic tape, thereby preventing users of the calculator from again transferring them to an external magnetic tape or obtaining any indication of the individual program steps once they are reloaded into the calculator. In addition, the calculator may be employed to edit programs stored in the memory unit and to print out program lists, labels, and messages.The calculator employs an extended version of BASIC computer language and allows the user to enter a line comprising an alphanumeric statement into the calculator from the keyboard input unit while visually observing an alphanumeric display of that line to check for errors therein, permitting the user to cause the entered lines to be immediately executed by the calculator or stored as part of a program within the memory unit, and permitting the user to subsequently recall the executed or stored line so that it may be reinspected, reevaluated, and, if necessary, edited and executed or re-executed, or restored in edited form. Any entered or recalled information may be edited by employing the keyboard input unit to selectively delete or replace incorrect or undesired portions of the information or to selectively insert corrected or previously omitted portions thereof on a line-by-line or character-by-character basis. Syntax errors are automatically detected by the calculator when the entered statement is terminated, and execution errors are automatically detected upon attempted execution of the statement or statements. Both types of errors are indicated to the user via error messages displayed by the output display unit. In the event the calculator is being used in combination with an external printer, unit indications of syntax or execution errors may, if desired, be printed.The calculator employs a compiler for converting each statement entered into the calculator in BASIC language into an internal stored format. It also employs an uncompiler for generating in the BASIC language statement any entered line converted to the internal stored format. The compiler and uncompiler operate on a line-by-line basis.The magnetic tape cassette reading and recording unit employed in the calculator allows the user to chain together several program segments and allows program manipulation of several blocks of data on an individual basis, thereby providing more efficient utilization of the available calculator memory. An interrupt feature of the cassette unit facilitates searching for a particular file located on a magnetic tape at the same time the calculator is performing other functions.

摘要翻译： 通过采用能够被扩展以向计算器提供面向用户环境的附加程序和数据存储功能的模块化读写和只读存储器单元来提供可适应性可编程计算器，能够执行两者的中央处理单元 串行二进制和并行二进制编码十进制算术，以及能够在存储器或中央处理单元之间双向传送信息和多个输入和输出单元的输入输出控制单元。 存储器，中央处理器和输入输出控制单元由包括在中央处理单元中的微处理器控制。

公开(公告)号：US4456964A

公开(公告)日：1984-06-26

申请号：US232087

申请日：1981-02-06

申请人： Emil E. Olander Jr. ,  Rex I. James ,  Ivar W. Larson ,  Wayne F. Covington ,  Jack M. Walden ,  Robert E. Watson ,  Francis J. Yockey ,  Fred Wenninger, Jr. ,  Homer C. Russell

发明人： Emil E. Olander Jr. ,  Rex I. James ,  Ivar W. Larson ,  Wayne F. Covington ,  Jack M. Walden ,  Robert E. Watson ,  Francis J. Yockey ,  Fred Wenninger, Jr. ,  Homer C. Russell

IPC分类号： G06F15/02 ,  G06F15/06

CPC分类号： G06F15/02

摘要： An electronic calculator is provided by employing read-write and read-only memory units, a central processing unit, and an input-output control unit capable of bidirectionally transferring information between the memory or central processing units and a number of input and output units. The input and output units include a keyboard input unit and an alphanumeric display unit. The keyboard input unit includes means for entering a data entry statement into the read-write memory as part of a program of statements stored therein. The central processing unit includes logic means responsive to a data entry statement encountered during processing of a program stored in the read-write memory for controlling the alphanumeric display unit to indicate the nature of the data to be entered and thereby prompt the user as to the need for and nature of a data entry at the time such data entry is required during processing of that program.

摘要翻译： 通过采用读写和只读存储单元，中央处理单元和能够在存储器或中央处理单元之间双向传送信息和输入和输出单元数量的输入输出控制单元来提供电子计算器。 输入和输出单元包括键盘输入单元和字母数字显示单元。 键盘输入单元包括用于将数据输入语句作为存储在其中的语句程序的一部分输入到读写存储器中的装置。 中央处理单元包括响应于在处理存储在读写存储器中的程序的处理期间遇到的数据输入语句的逻辑装置，用于控制字母数字显示单元以指示要输入的数据的性质，从而提示用户关于 在该程序的处理期间需要这种数据输入时数据输入的需要和性质。

公开(公告)号：US4164039A

公开(公告)日：1979-08-07

申请号：US802833

申请日：1977-06-01

申请人： Emil E. Olander, Jr. ,  Rex L. James ,  Ivar W. Larson ,  Wayne F. Covington ,  Jack M. Walden ,  Robert E. Watson ,  Francis J. Yockey ,  Fred Wenninger, Jr. ,  Homer C. Russell

发明人： Emil E. Olander, Jr. ,  Rex L. James ,  Ivar W. Larson ,  Wayne F. Covington ,  Jack M. Walden ,  Robert E. Watson ,  Francis J. Yockey ,  Fred Wenninger, Jr. ,  Homer C. Russell

IPC分类号： G06F3/147 ,  G06F7/00 ,  G06F9/00 ,  G06F11/36 ,  G06F15/02 ,  G06F17/21 ,  G06F7/50

CPC分类号： G06F11/3636 ,  G06F15/02 ,  G06F15/0233

摘要： An adaptable programmable calculator is provided by employing modular read-write and read-only memory units capable of being expanded to provide the calculator with additional program and data storage functions oriented towards the environment of the user, a central processing unit, and an input-output control unit capable of bidirectionally transferring information between the memory or central processing units and a number of input and output units. The memory, central processor, and input-output control units are controlled by a microprocessor included in the central processing unit. The input and output units include a keyboard input unit with a plurality of sections capable of being defined by plug-in read-only memory modules and stored programs added by the user, a magnetic card reading and recording unit capable of bidirectionally transferring information between an external magnetic card and the calculator, a solid state display unit capable of displaying every alphabetic and numeric character and many other symbols individually and in a line of one or more alphameric statements, and a printer unit capable of printing on thermally sensitive paper every alphabetic and numeric character and many other symbols individually and in alphameric statements or messages. The keyboard input unit includes a MINUS arithmetic operator key that initiates either the unary minus function or the subtraction function, as the context of an entered algebraic statement employing the MINUS arithmetic operator requires.

摘要翻译： 通过采用可扩展的模块化读写和只读存储单元来提供适应性强的可编程计算器，以向计算器提供面向用户环境的附加程序和数据存储功能，中央处理单元和输入 - 输出控制单元，其能够在存储器或中央处理单元之间双向传送信息和多个输入和输出单元。 存储器，中央处理器和输入输出控制单元由包括在中央处理单元中的微处理器控制。 输入和输出单元包括键盘输入单元，其具有能够由插件只读存储器模块定义的多个部分和由用户添加的存储的程序，能够双向传送信息的磁卡读取和记录单元 外部磁卡和计算器，固态显示单元，能够分别显示每个字母和数字字符以及许多其他符号，并且以一个或多个符号语句的一行显示;以及打印机单元，其能够在热敏纸上打印每个字母和 数字字符和许多其他符号单独和在alphameric语句或消息。 键盘输入单元包括启动一元减函数或减法函数的MINUS算术运算符键，作为使用MINUS算术运算符所需的输入代数语句的上下文。