Abstract:
A PROCESS FOR OXIDIZING THE VICINAL DIOL GROUPS OF ORGANIC DIOL COMPOUNDS INTO CARBOXYLIC GROUPS WITH OXYGEN OR AN OXYGEN-CONTAINING GAS IN THE PRESENCE OF AN INERT SINGLE-PHASE AQUEOUS OR ANHYDROUS ORGANIC SOLVENT MEDIUM OR A TWO-PHASE SOLVENT SYSTEM OF WATEER AND AN INERT WATER-INNISCIBLE SOLVENT, AND IN THE PRESENCE OF COBALT IONS OR A COBALT COMPOUND, AS WELL AS IN THE PRESENCE OF A PERCARBOXYLIC ACID, WHEREIN THE COBALT IONS OR THE COBALT COMPOUND ARE PROVIDED IN CATALYTIC AMOUNTS AND THE PERCARBOXYLIC ACID IS PRESENT, AT LEAST AT THE BEGINNING OF THE OXYGEN OXIDATION, IN AN AMOUNT WHICH IS SUFFICIENT FOR AT LEAST PARTIAL TRANSFORMATION OF THE COBALT IONS OR THE COBALT COMPOUND TO A HIGHER VALENCE.
Abstract:
MALONONITRILE IS PREPARED BY THE SHORT TIME HIGH TEMPERATURE REACTION OF GASEOUS ACETONITRILE AND CYANOGEN CHLORIDE IN THE MOLAR RATIO OF ACETONITRILE TO CYANOGEN HALIDE OF ABOVE 1 CHARACTERIZED IN THAT THE WELL MIXED REACTION COMPONENTS ARE REACTED AT AN AVERAGE TEMPERATURE BELOW 800*C. AND THE REACTION IS QUENCHED TO CONDENSE ACETONITRILE AND MALONONITRILE BY INTRODUCING A COOLING MEDIUM INTO THE REACTION SYSTEM.
Abstract:
PROCESS FOR PREPARING LEAD (IV)-ACETATE BY OXIDIZING LEAD (II)-ACETATE IN THE PRESENCE OF COBALT IONS, MANGANESE IONS OR MIXTURES OF COBALT AND MANGANESE IONS WHEREIN THE IMPROVEMENT CONSISTS ESSENTIALLY OF REACTING THE LEAD (II)-ACETATE WITH ABOUT 10-40% PERACETIC ACID BY WEIGHT AT A TEMPERATURE BELOW ABOUT 110*C. TO FORM LEAD (IV)-ACETATE. THE LEAD (IV)-ACETATE IS USEFUL FOR OXIDIZING CERTAIN ORGANIC CHEMICALS.
Abstract:
1. IN A PROCESS OF PREPARING CYANOGEN CHLORIDE BY REACTING HYDROGEN CYANIDE WITH CHLORINE IN THE GASEOUS PHASE AT 200 TO 600*C. IN THE PRESENCE OF A CARBON CONTAINING CATALYST THE IMPROVEMENT COMPRISING EMPLOYING AS THE CATALYST CARBON HAVING THE GRAPHITE STRUCTURE.
Abstract:
OLEFINICALLY UNSATURATED ORGANIC COMPOUNDS ARE EPOXIDIZED WITH SOLUTIONS OF ORGANIC PERCARBOXYLIC ACID. AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF THEPERCARBOXYLIC ACID HAVING AT LEAST 2 CARBON ATOMS IS DEHYDRATED BY EXTRACTION AND/OR DISTILLATION WITH THE COMPOUND TO BE EPOXIDIZED. THE DEYDRATED PRODUCT IS HELD AT 30-100* C. AND SUBJECTED TO A SUBSEQUENT REACTION.
Abstract:
ALPHA BETA UNSATURATED CARBOXYLIC ACIDS ARE PRODUCED BY CATALYTCALLY OXU IDIZING ALKENES WITH OXYGEN, SUITABLY IN THE PRESENCE OF STEAM, ON A MIXED CATALYST BED CONSISTING OF A MIXTURE AND/OR COMPOUND OF OXIDES OF ANTIMONY, MOLYBDENUM, VANADIUM, AND TUNGSTEN AND IN A GIVEN CASE ONE OR MORE OXIDES OF LEAD SILVER COPPER TIN TITANIUM BISMUTH AND/OR OXYGEN CONTAINING COMPOUNDS OF THESE ELEMENTS AS THE FIRST CATALYST AND A MIXTURE AND OR COMPOUNDS OF OXIDES OF NICKEL, COBALT IRON BISMUTH PHOSPHORUS, MOLYBDENUM AND IN A GIVEN CASE SAMARIUM OR TANTALUM AND/OR OXYGEN CONTAINING COMPOUNDS OF THESE ELEMENTS AS SECOND CATALYSTS. THE CATALYSTS CAN INCLUDE CARRIERS.
Abstract:
PROCESS FOR RECOVERING PURE CARBOXYLIC ACID FREE EPICHLORHYDRIN FROM THE REACTION MIXTURES CONTAINING THE SAME AND WHICH HAS BEEN OBTAINED IN REACTING ALLYLCHLORIDE WITH PERCARBOXYLIC ACID WHICH COMPRISES EXTRACTING THE REACTION MIXTURE WITH GLYCEROL OR A SATURATED DIOL WHOSE BOILING POINT IS HIGHER THAN THAT OF THE CARBOXYLIC ACID FORMED FROM THE PERCARBOXYLIC ACID AND THEREAFTER SEPARATELY WORKING UP THE EXTRACT AND THE CARBOXYLIC ACID FREE REACTION MIXTURE TO RECOVER THE CARBOXYLIC ACID AND EPICHLOROHYDRIN.
Abstract:
PROCESS FOR THE PRODUCTION OF BRANCHED ALKYL ISOTHIOCYANIC ACID ESTER OF THE GENERAL FORMULA
R-N=C=S
IN WHICH R IS A STRAIGHT OR BRAHCNED ALKYL RADICAL HAVING ABOUT 1-6 CARBON ATOMS, SAID PROCESS COMPRISING REACTING AN AQUEOUS SOLUTION OF ABOUT ONE MOLE OF A DITHIOCARBAMATE OF THE GENERAL FORMULA
R-NH-C(=S)-S-ME
IN WHICH ME IS AN NH4 GROUP, AN ALKYL AMMONIUM GROUP, AN ALKALINE EARTH METAL ATOM, OR AN ALKALI METAL ATOM, WITH AT LEAST ONE MOLE OF AN AQUEOUS HYDROGEN PEROXIDE SOLUTION, SAID REACTION CONDUCTED AT ABOUT 50*-120*C., AND AT A PH OF ABOUT 5-9, AND ISOLATING THE RESULTING ISOTHIOCYANIC ACID ESTER. THE ESTERS ARE USEFUL AS INTERMEDIATE IN THE PREPARATION OF OTHER COMPOUNDS AND ARE BIOLOGICALLY ACTIVE.
Abstract:
GLYCERINE IS PRODUCED BY REACTING ALLYL ACETATE WITH AQUEOUS PERACETIC ACID. THE MONOACETIN FORMED IS CONVERTED TO GLYCERINE BY ALCOHOLYSIS OR AQUEOUS SAPONIFICATION AFTER REMOVAL OF UNEACTED ALLYL ACETATE, CETIC ACID AND WATER.