摘要:
A system, method and device for (semi-)automated e-commerce on the Internet, the WWW and other networks. Trading parties present intentions, made of more elementary components, which are used to express their willingness to engage in deals subject to constraints. Parts of intentions may be variable components. Some variable components may be associated with computational devices that transform them, optionally communicating via messages, into more specified components. This mechanism encodes business rules. By fitting intentions, contracts are formed. While fitting intentions, negotiations are carried out via the exchange of messages. Negotiations are automated by encoding users wishes as mathematical programs. Following the deal formation an optional deal improvement phase, in one-to-one mode or one-to-many mode, is carried out to improve the deal. The improvement phase may be based on a trading mechanselected from an available collection of such mechanisms including such mechanisms as constructed by users of the system.
摘要:
Techniques are provided for automatically rewriting a relational-to-hierarchical mapping into one or more modified mappings. In this way, clients that prefer or require different portions of the mapping-defined data are supported. For example, in one aspect of the invention, a technique for modifying a relational-to-hierarchical mapping in accordance with at least one user query includes the following steps/operations. At least one query associated with a query language that supports a hierarchical data structure is obtained. Further, at least one relational-to-hierarchical mapping for use in translating data associated with a relational data structure into data associated with the hierarchical data structure is obtained. Then, the at least one relational-to-hierarchical mapping is modified based on the at least one query such that data specifically relevant to the at least one query may be generated in accordance with the modified relational-to-hierarchical mapping.
摘要:
A system and method for searching a document for a query pattern. A plurality of streams may be stored each including a linear sequence of nodes. Each stream may be associated with nodes having a common label in a data tree of the document. A query pattern may be searched for in the streams by executing a plurality of threads. Each of two or more of the threads may be used to search different sub-streams of the plurality of streams. Each of the different sub-streams searched for by each thread in each stream may be uniquely correlated with one or more disjoint sub-trees of a partition of the tree into a plurality of sub-trees. The two or more of the plurality of threads may be executed in parallel. A result of the query pattern search may be generated using at least one of the threads.
摘要:
Rerouting apparatus for rerouting data including multimedia data. The apparatus is for association with electronic equipment and allows for routing the data to a device regarded as the most convenient for playing the media. The apparatus comprises an announcer device for indicating to surrounding equipment that associated equipment is available for rerouting, thereby to enable receipt of rerouted communications therefrom, and a scout device for scanning surroundings of the associated equipment to find out about compatible equipment in the vicinity, thereby to reroute communications thereto. The apparatus may be attached to any device having data processing capability, to enable rerouting of data and communications therebetween.
摘要:
In a data storage and retrieval system wherein data is stored and retrieved in pages, said data comprising connected nodes arranged such that each page stores only complete nodes, said connected nodes being connected via a plurality of overlapping tree structures, a method of minimizing page retrieval in the face of changing relationships between nodes comprising: selecting at least two of said overlapping tree structures; incrementally adjusting a page node structure dynamically based on real time workload, separately according to each selected tree structure, to form modified partitions for each tree structure, each modified partition being so as to minimize page faults; for each modified partition calculating a modification gain to indicate which partition has provided a greater minimization of page faults; and selecting the tree structure and modified partition corresponding to the best modification gain.
摘要:
The present invention relates to a method, and system for implementing the method, for performing incremental validation of an XML document with respect to XML Schema key and keyref constraints, and handling the semantics dictated by the XML Schema specification. Several operations are defined that change the content of a document, i.e., add or remove nodes, or change the value of existing nodes. The present invention verifies whether performing such an operation would violate key or keyref constraints, and allows changing the document only if the operation maintains the validity of the document with respect to the constraints. The verification traverses only the parts of the document that may be affected by the change operation, and not the whole document. The invention maintains, in an efficient manner, data structures that hold information relevant to the validation of key and keyref constraints.
摘要:
A method of quickly and automatically comparing a new document to a large number of previously seen documents and identifying the document type. First, provide a plurality of document type distributions, each document type distribution describes layout characteristics of an independent document type and may include a plurality of data points. Each document type distribution includes data derived from at least one basis document signature which may include data defining pixels of a low-resolution image of the independent basis document resolved to between 1 and 75 dots per inch or may include document segmentation data derived from the independent basis document. Next provide a new electronic document. Then create new document signature from the new electronic document. Next, distances between the new document signature and each of the plurality of document type distributions are calculated using an algorithm based on a Bayesian framework for a Gaussian distribution. The distances calculated may be Euclidean distances or may be Mahalanobis distances. Additionally, calculating the distances may include weighting the value given each of a plurality of data points in the document signatures based on the usefulness of each of the plurality of data points in distinguishing between the document signatures. Next, select at least one candidate document type for the new electronic document from among the independent document types described by the plurality of document type distributions. The selection of the at least one candidate document type may include selecting a preselected fixed number of the independent document types or may include selecting the independent document types described by those of the plurality of document type distributions having calculated distances that are within a preselected threshold distance of the smallest of the distances calculated. In addition, the invention provides for a program storage medium readable by computer, tangibly embodying a program of instructions executable by the computer to perform the method steps described above.
摘要:
Local transactions are run at replication sites while receiving and tracking replication packages from primary sites. If a package coming in from a primary site updates data that a local transaction used, the data is considered stale and the local transaction is restarted. When the replication site wishes to commit (e.g., update data at the primary sites), a special dummy marker is submitted and committed. The marker comprises a dummy transaction that updates a piece of data at the primary site private to the replication site. The local site waits for the dummy transaction in the stream of replication packages sent from the primary site. Once the dummy transaction is received, the replication site is assured that any subsequent replication packages from the primary site will not affect the local transaction. If the replication packages received before the marker do not affect data items referenced during the local transaction, the local transaction commits.
摘要:
Rerouting apparatus for rerouting data including multimedia data. The apparatus is for association with electronic equipment and allows for routing the data to a device regarded as the most convenient for playing the media. The apparatus comprises an announcer device for indicating to surrounding equipment that associated equipment is available for rerouting, thereby to enable receipt of rerouted communications therefrom, and a scout device for scanning surroundings of the associated equipment to find out about compatible equipment in the vicinity, thereby to reroute communications thereto. The apparatus may be attached to any device having data processing capability, to enable rerouting of data and communications therebetween.
摘要:
A query network is disclosed, comprising sets of nodes and edges connecting pairs of nodes. The nodes of the query network are associated with edge-defining queries. A method is taught for fully evaluating such a query network. A language is further disclosed for constructing queries. The query network may be used to model a social network, a professional network or the like.