公开(公告)号：US06373254B1

公开(公告)日：2002-04-16

申请号：US09320367

申请日：1999-05-25

申请人： Dominique Dion ,  Mark T. Frey ,  James Stephen Hall ,  Qiming Li ,  Richard A. Rosthal ,  Mark A. Fredette

发明人： Dominique Dion ,  Mark T. Frey ,  James Stephen Hall ,  Qiming Li ,  Richard A. Rosthal ,  Mark A. Fredette

IPC分类号： G01V320

CPC分类号： G01V3/20

摘要： The present invention describes a method and apparatus to control the effect of contact impedance on a formation resistivity measurement during a logging-while-drilling operation. The control of contact impedance is accomplished by maintaining a substantially zero difference in potential between two monitor electrodes positioned on the resistivity logging tool near a current electrode. The tool can employ a ring electrode configuration and/or a button electrode, configuration. The ring electrode configuration incorporates two pairs of ring monitor electrodes on each side of a ring current electrode. The button electrode configuration incorporates. a monitor electrode, surrounded by a current electrode, surrounded by a second monitor electrode. Insulation gaps are positioned between each electrode to separate the electrodes. A variable current is supplied to the current electrode in each configuration to maintain the same potential at each monitor electrode. The effect of contact impedance is controlled through maintaining the same potential at each monitor electrode.

摘要翻译： 本发明描述了一种在钻井操作期间控制接触阻抗对地层电阻率测量的影响的方法和装置。 接触阻抗的控制通过在位于当前电极附近的电阻率测井工具上的两个监视电极之间保持基本上零电位差来实现。 该工具可以采用环形电极配置和/或按钮电极的配置。 环形电极结构在环形电流电极的每一侧都包含两对环形监测电极。 按钮电极配置结合。 由电流电极包围的监视电极，被第二监视电极包围。 绝缘间隙位于每个电极之间以分离电极。 在每个配置中，向当前电极提供可变电流以在每个监视器电极处保持相同的电位。 通过在每个监测电极处保持相同的电位来控制接触阻抗的影响。

公开(公告)号：US08614578B2

公开(公告)日：2013-12-24

申请号：US12641898

申请日：2009-12-18

申请人： Guozhong Gao ,  H. Frank Morrison ,  Hong Zhang ,  Richard A. Rosthal ,  David Alumbaugh ,  Cyrille Levesque

发明人： Guozhong Gao ,  H. Frank Morrison ,  Hong Zhang ,  Richard A. Rosthal ,  David Alumbaugh ,  Cyrille Levesque

IPC分类号： G01V3/10 ,  G01V3/18

CPC分类号： G01V3/28

摘要： The present disclosure relates to determining the attenuation of an electromagnetic signal passing through a conductive material. An antenna is provided and placed in relatively close proximity to the conductive material. An alternating current is passed through the antenna and the impedance of the antenna is measured. The attenuation is determined using the measured impedance. A single frequency measurement may be made, or multiple measurements using different frequencies may be made. Grouped parameters based on properties of the material and the frequency of the current are used to relate the coil impedance to the attenuation. A current frequency for which the ratio of the antenna's resistive part of the impedance to the angular frequency of the current is substantially insensitive to at least one of the parameters is preferred.

摘要翻译： 本公开涉及确定通过导电材料的电磁信号的衰减。 提供天线并将其放置在相对靠近导电材料的位置。 交流电流通过天线，测量天线的阻抗。 使用测量的阻抗确定衰减。 可以进行单个频率测量，或者可以进行使用不同频率的多个测量。 基于材料性质和电流频率的分组参数用于将线圈阻抗与衰减相关联。 阻抗的电阻部分与电流的角频率的比率对于至少一个参数基本上不敏感的当前频率是优选的。

公开(公告)号：US08310239B2

公开(公告)日：2012-11-13

申请号：US12581947

申请日：2009-10-20

申请人： Hong Zhang ,  Richard A. Rosthal

发明人： Hong Zhang ,  Richard A. Rosthal

IPC分类号： G01V3/10

CPC分类号： G01V3/28 ,  G01V5/00

摘要： A current sensor measures an electrical current flowing in well casing or other magnetic structure. The current sensor can be installed in a tool for performing electromagnetic (EM) induction surveying in a wellbore lined with an electrically conductive casing. The tool includes an EM element to transmit or receive a magnetic field through the casing. The measured current using the current sensor can be used to relate the change of casing effect on the EM element (e.g., an induction receiver) placed inside the well casing for performing the EM induction survey.

摘要翻译： 电流传感器测量在壳体或其他磁性结构中流动的电流。 电流传感器可以安装在用于在衬有导电外壳的井眼中进行电磁（EM）感应测量的工具中。 该工具包括用于通过壳体传送或接收磁场的EM元件。 使用电流传感器的测量电流可用于将套管效应的变化与放置在井套内的EM元件（例如，感应接收器）进行EM感应测量。

公开(公告)号：US20100321023A1

公开(公告)日：2010-12-23

申请号：US12641898

申请日：2009-12-18

申请人： Guozhong Gao ,  H. Frank Morrison ,  Hong Zhang ,  Richard A. Rosthal ,  David Alumbaugh ,  Cyrille Levesque

发明人： Guozhong Gao ,  H. Frank Morrison ,  Hong Zhang ,  Richard A. Rosthal ,  David Alumbaugh ,  Cyrille Levesque

IPC分类号： G01V3/10

CPC分类号： G01V3/28

摘要： The present disclosure relates to determining the attenuation of an electromagnetic signal passing through a conductive material. An antenna is provided and placed in relatively close proximity to the conductive material. An alternating current is passed through the antenna and the impedance of the antenna is measured. The attenuation is determined using the measured impedance. A single frequency measurement may be made, or multiple measurements using different frequencies may be made. Grouped parameters based on properties of the material and the frequency of the current are used to relate the coil impedance to the attenuation. A current frequency for which the ratio of the antenna's resistive part of the impedance to the angular frequency of the current is substantially insensitive to at least one of the parameters is preferred.

摘要翻译： 本公开涉及确定通过导电材料的电磁信号的衰减。 提供天线并将其放置在相对靠近导电材料的位置。 交流电流通过天线，测量天线的阻抗。 使用测量的阻抗确定衰减。 可以进行单个频率测量，或者可以进行使用不同频率的多个测量。 基于材料性质和电流频率的分组参数用于将线圈阻抗与衰减相关联。 阻抗的电阻部分与电流的角频率的比率对于至少一个参数基本上不敏感的当前频率是优选的。

公开(公告)号：US07795872B2

公开(公告)日：2010-09-14

申请号：US11868379

申请日：2007-10-05

申请人： Brian Clark ,  Frank Morrison ,  Edward Nichols ,  Hong Zhang ,  Richard A. Rosthal

发明人： Brian Clark ,  Frank Morrison ,  Edward Nichols ,  Hong Zhang ,  Richard A. Rosthal

IPC分类号： G01V3/18 ,  G01V3/00

CPC分类号： G01V3/28

摘要： To determine effect on a magnetic field caused by a lining structure in a wellbore, an array may be deployed into the wellbore lined with the lining structure. The array comprises a plurality of sensors including sensor A configured to operate as a transmitter, sensor B configured to operate as either a transmitter or a receiver, and sensor C configured to operate as a receiver. The array measures magnetic fields using sensor B as a receiver and sensor C in response to activation of sensor B as a transmitter and sensor A. A plurality of lining structure correction factors can be calculated based on the measured magnetic fields, based on the reciprocity of the sensors.

摘要翻译： 为了确定在井眼中由衬里结构引起的对磁场的影响，阵列可以部署到衬里结构内衬的井眼中。 该阵列包括多个传感器，包括被配置为作为发射器操作的传感器A，被配置为作为发射机或接收机操作的传感器B以及被配置为作为接收机操作的传感器C. 该阵列响应于作为发射器和传感器A的传感器B的激活，使用传感器B作为接收器和传感器C来测量磁场。可以基于测量的磁场，基于测量的磁场计算多个衬里结构校正因子， 传感器。

公开(公告)号：US07091877B2

公开(公告)日：2006-08-15

申请号：US10707813

申请日：2004-01-14

申请人： Thomas D. Barber ,  Stephen D. Bonner ,  Dean M. Homan ,  Gerald N. Minerbo ,  Richard A. Rosthal ,  Kuo-Chiang Chen

发明人： Thomas D. Barber ,  Stephen D. Bonner ,  Dean M. Homan ,  Gerald N. Minerbo ,  Richard A. Rosthal ,  Kuo-Chiang Chen

IPC分类号： G01V3/00

CPC分类号： G01V3/28

摘要： A logging tool includes a tool body; a simple transmitter comprising a single antenna disposed on the tool body; four simple receivers, each comprising a single antenna, disposed on the tool body and spaced apart from the simple transmitter to form four arrays; and an electronic module for controlling operation of the four arrays, wherein the simple transmitter is configured to generate a magnetic field having a transverse component, wherein each of the four simple receivers is sensitive to the magnetic field generated by the simple transmitter, and at least one of the four simple receivers is sensitive to the transverse component of the magnetic field generated by the simple transmitter, and wherein the four arrays are configured to provide measurements at at least three depths of investigation.

摘要翻译： 测井工具包括工具体; 简单的发射机，包括设置在所述工具主体上的单个天线; 四个简单接收器，每个包括单个天线，设置在工具主体上并与简单发射器间隔开以形成四个阵列; 以及用于控制四个阵列的操作的电子模块，其中简单发射器被配置为产生具有横向分量的磁场，其中四个简单接收机中的每一个对由简单发射机产生的磁场敏感，并且至少 四个简单接收器之一对由简单发射器产生的磁场的横向分量敏感，并且其中四个阵列被配置为在至少三个调查深度提供测量。

公开(公告)号：US06969994B2

公开(公告)日：2005-11-29

申请号：US10113132

申请日：2002-03-29

申请人： Gerald N. Minerbo ,  Dzevat Omeragic ,  Richard A. Rosthal

发明人： Gerald N. Minerbo ,  Dzevat Omeragic ,  Richard A. Rosthal

IPC分类号： G01V3/28 ,  G01V3/10 ,  G01V3/08

CPC分类号： G01V3/28

摘要： Systems and methods are provided for directional propagation-type logging measurements not sensitive to dip and anisotropy over a wide frequency range. Estimates of the distance of the logging tool to a bed boundary are obtained using “up-down” measurements with antenna configurations having tilted magnetic dipoles. These estimates are insensitive to anistropy and dip, undesirable complications of directional measurements.

摘要翻译： 提供了系统和方法，用于在宽频率范围内对倾角和各向异性不敏感的定向传播型测井测量。 使用具有倾斜磁偶极子的天线配置的“上下”测量来获得测井工具到床边界的距离的估计。 这些估计对方向测量的熵和倾斜不良并发症不敏感。

公开(公告)号：US06630830B2

公开(公告)日：2003-10-07

申请号：US10382237

申请日：2003-03-05

申请人： Dzevat Omeragic ,  Jean Seydoux ,  Richard A. Rosthal

发明人： Dzevat Omeragic ,  Jean Seydoux ,  Richard A. Rosthal

IPC分类号： G01V330

CPC分类号： G01V3/28 ,  G01V3/30 ,  H01Q1/526 ,  H01Q7/00 ,  H01Q13/10 ,  H01Q17/001

摘要： A shielding method and apparatus for an antenna disposed on an elongated support adapted for disposal within a borehole. The shield providing predetermined attenuation of one or more electromagnetic energy field components as the field components interact with the shield. The shield composed of a flexible strip or cylindrical body and respectively comprising a transverse conductive element or a transverse slot therein. The shields being adapted to cover an antenna mounted on the support. The shields being compatible for use in conjunction with saddle, tilted coils or multi-layered tri-axial coils to produce a pure transverse magnetic dipole electromagnetic field. The shields are also used in methods for shielding an antenna disposed on a support to provide predetermined attenuation of an electromagnetic field component as the field components interact with the shield.

摘要翻译： 一种用于天线的屏蔽方法和装置，其设置在适于在钻孔内处理的细长支撑件上。 屏蔽层当场分量与屏蔽相互作用时提供一个或多个电磁能量场分量的预定衰减。 该屏蔽由柔性条或圆柱体组成，分别包括横向导电元件或横向槽。 屏蔽件适于覆盖安装在支撑件上的天线。 该屏蔽件与鞍座，倾斜线圈或多层三轴线圈结合使用以产生纯横向磁偶极电磁场。 屏蔽还用于屏蔽设置在支撑件上的天线的方法，以在场屏元件与屏蔽件相互作用时提供电磁场分量的预定衰减。

公开(公告)号：US5329448A

公开(公告)日：1994-07-12

申请号：US741858

申请日：1991-08-07

申请人： Richard A. Rosthal

发明人： Richard A. Rosthal

IPC分类号： G01V3/28 ,  G01V3/38 ,  G01V1/40

CPC分类号： G01V3/28 ,  G01V3/38

摘要： The disclosed technique and apparatus utilizes the different characteristic responses of a plurality of signals from a propagation or induction well logging device to determine the vertical and horizontal resistivity of formations surrounding a borehole. In a disclosed embodiment, a method is set forth for determining the horizontal conductivity and the vertical conductivity of formations surrounding an earth borehole, including the following steps: a) deriving first and second formation conductivity values from measurements taken in the borehole; b) selecting a horizontal conductivity model value and a vertical conductivity model value; c) computing error values from the differences between: (i) first and second composite conductivity values computed as a function of the horizontal and vertical conductivity model values, and (ii) the first and second derived formation conductivity values; d) modifying the horizontal and vertical conductivity model values; e) repeating steps (c) and (d) until predetermined criteria of the error values are met; and f) outputting modified horizontal and vertical conductivity model values.

摘要翻译： 所公开的技术和装置利用来自传播或感应测井装置的多个信号的不同特征响应来确定钻孔周围的地层的垂直和水平电阻率。 在公开的实施例中，提出了一种用于确定围绕地球钻孔的地层的水平电导率和垂直电导率的方法，包括以下步骤：a）从在井眼中获取的测量得出第一和第二地层电导率值; b）选择水平电导率模型值和垂直电导率模型值; c）根据以下之间的差异计算误差值：（i）作为水平和垂直电导率模型值的函数计算的第一和第二复合电导率值，以及（ii）第一和第二导出地层电导率值; d）修改水平和垂直电导率模型值; e）重复步骤（c）和（d），直到满足误差值的预定标准; f）输出修正的水平和垂直导电模型值。

公开(公告)号：US09069097B2

公开(公告)日：2015-06-30

申请号：US13131219

申请日：2009-10-22

申请人： Hong Zhang ,  Richard A. Rosthal

发明人： Hong Zhang ,  Richard A. Rosthal

IPC分类号： E21B43/00 ,  G01V3/28 ,  E21B47/12

CPC分类号： G01V3/28 ,  E21B47/122

摘要： Methods and related systems are described for making measurements of an electromagnetic field in a subterranean formation that has been induced by a current loop. The current loop uses one or more steel wellbore casings as electrodes. Receiver arrays are positioned either at surface/seafloor, in the same, or in nearby wells. In the most general case, the receivers are tri-axial. A section of metallic casing in one well can be used as a current source and the electromagnetic field at surface can be measured using an array of EM receivers placed at a range of distances from the wellbore.

摘要翻译： 描述了用于测量已经由电流回路感应的地下地层中的电磁场的方法和相关系统。 电流环使用一个或多个钢井筒壳作为电极。 接收器阵列位于表面/海底，相同或附近的井中。 在最普遍的情况下，接收器是三轴的。 一个井中的金属壳体的一部分可以用作电流源，并且可以使用放置在距离井筒的距离范围内的EM接收器的阵列来测量表面处的电磁场。