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1.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4164466A
公开(公告)日：1979-08-14
申请号：US888284
申请日：1978-03-20
CPC分类号： C10G1/045
摘要： A coal deashing process wherein a feed mixture comprising soluble coal products, insoluble coal products and solvent is separated in a first separation zone into a first heavy phase and a first light phase comprising soluble coal products, solvent and some insoluble coal products. The first light phase is withdrawn and introduced into a second separation zone wherein it separates into a second heavy phase comprising insoluble coal products, soluble coal products and some solvent and a second light phase comprising soluble coal products and solvent. The second heavy phase is withdrawn and at least a portion is recycled to the first separation zone to increase the yield of separable soluble coal products ultimately recovered by the process. In alternate embodiments, additional solvent can be added to the first light phase before introduction into the second separation zone or the recycled portion of the second heavy phase may be introduced into a treatment zone before reintroduction into the first separation zone. The treatment zone effects an increase in the molecular weight of at least a portion of the recycled second heavy phase which facilitates subsequent separation in the first separation zone.
摘要翻译： 一种煤脱渣方法，其中将包含可溶性煤产物，不溶性煤产物和溶剂的进料混合物在第一分离区中分离成第一重相和包含可溶性煤产物，溶剂和一些不溶性煤产品的第一轻相。 将第一轻相取出并引入第二分离区，其中其分离成包含不溶性煤产物，可溶性煤产物和一些溶剂的第二重相，以及包含可溶性煤产物和溶剂的第二轻相。 第二重相被取出，并且至少一部分被再循环到第一分离区，以增加最终通过该方法回收的可分离的可溶性煤产品的产率。 在替代实施方案中，可以在引入第二分离区之前将另外的溶剂加入到第一轻相中，或者可以在重新引入第一分离区之前将第二重相的再循环部分引入处理区。 处理区域使再循环的第二重质相的至少一部分的分子量增加，这有助于在第一分离区域中随后的分离。
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公开(公告)号：US4177134A
公开(公告)日：1979-12-04
申请号：US887867
申请日：1978-03-20
摘要： An improved coal deashing process wherein a feed mixture comprising soluble coal products, insoluble coal products, and deashing solvent at a first temperature level is separated in a first separation zone into a first light fraction and a first heavy fraction comprising the insoluble coal products and some of the deashing solvent through admixing predetermined quantities of an additive with the feed mixture prior to separation to provide an improved yield of recoverable soluble coal products. Alternatively, the additive is admixed with the first light fraction prior to subsequent separations to provide an improved yield of recoverable soluble coal products.
摘要翻译： 一种改进的脱煤方法，其中将包含可溶性煤产品，不溶性煤产品和在第一温度水平下的脱溶剂的进料混合物在第一分离区域分离成第一轻馏分和包含不溶性煤产品和一些 的脱溶剂溶剂，通过在分离前将预定量的添加剂与进料混合物混合，以提供可回收的可溶性煤产品的改进产率。 或者，在随后的分离之前，将添加剂与第一轻馏分混合，以提供可回收的可溶性煤产品的改进产率。
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公开(公告)号：US4189372A
公开(公告)日：1980-02-19
申请号：US907933
申请日：1978-05-22
CPC分类号： C10G1/006
摘要： This invention relates to a process for producing coal derived, hydrogen-rich donor fractions from fractions of coal liquefaction products for use in the hydroconversion of coal. Coal liquefaction products are subjected to a critical solvent deashing process to produce various deashed coal fractions which can only be obtained by practicing that process. Thereafter, the various deashed coal fractions are subjected to hydrogen addition to produce heretofore unavailable hydrogen-rich donor fractions. These hydrogen-rich donor fractions may be recycled to supplant a portion of the liquefaction process solvent or blended with other fractions produced by the deashing process to provide improved fuel products.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及从用于煤的加氢转化的煤液化产物的馏分中生产来自煤的富氢供体部分的方法。 对煤液化产物进行临界溶剂除冰过程，以生产各种除渣的煤馏分，只能通过实践该方法获得。 此后，将各种除渣煤馏分进行氢加成以产生迄今为止不可获得的富含氢的供体部分。 这些富氢的供体部分可以被再循环以取代液化过程溶剂的一部分或与通过除冰过程产生的其它馏分混合以提供改进的燃料产物。
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4.发明授权System for producing a powdery composition comprising coal products in a coal deashing process 失效用于在煤脱灰工艺中生产包含煤产品的粉末组合物的系统
公开(公告)号：US4244812A
公开(公告)日：1981-01-13
申请号：US973876
申请日：1978-12-28
摘要： An improved system for deashing coal liquefaction products wherein a feed mixture (including a deashing solvent, soluble coal products and insoluble coal products) is separated in a first separation zone into a first light fraction and a first heavy fraction (including insoluble coal products and some deashing solvent). The first heavy fraction is withdrawn from the first separation zone and the pressure level of the first heavy fraction is reduced at least 100 psig for vaporizing the deashing solvent and for yielding a composition substantially comprising coal products. The composition is essentially a powdery, solid material and is capable of being transferred via a slurry or mechanical means.
摘要翻译： 一种用于降低煤液化产物的改进系统，其中将进料混合物（包括除溶剂，可溶性煤产物和不溶性煤产物）在第一分离区中分离成第一轻馏分和第一重馏分（包括不溶性煤产物和一些 脱溶剂）。 第一重质馏分从第一分离区排出，并且第一重馏分的压力水平降低至少100psig，用于蒸发除溶剂并产生基本上包含煤产品的组合物。 组合物基本上是粉末状固体材料，并且能够通过浆料或机械方式转移。
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公开(公告)号：US4070268A
公开(公告)日：1978-01-24
申请号：US691579
申请日：1976-06-01
申请人： Robert E. Davis , Roger A. Baldwin
发明人： Robert E. Davis , Roger A. Baldwin
摘要： An improved coal deashing process wherein coal is mixed with a first dissolving solvent, heated, solubilized and flashed to provide a prepared mixture. The flashing is effected at a temperature below about 650.degree. F. to increase the amount of the first dissolving solvent in the prepared mixture. The prepared mixture then is mixed with a second dissolving solvent to produce a feed mixture which is subjected to two or more successive phase separations. Insoluble coal products present are separated from the feed mixture in a first separation zone and the soluble coal products are recovered from the first and the second dissolving solvents in a second separation zone. The second dissolving solvent is recovered from the first and the second heavy fractions and the second light fraction for recycling to aid in producing the feed mixture. The first dissolving solvent is recovered from the first and second flash zones. This results in an enhanced recovery of the first dissolving solvent for recycle for utilization in the initial solubilization of the coal.
摘要翻译： 改进的煤脱渣方法，其中将煤与第一溶解溶剂混合，加热，溶解并闪蒸以提供制备的混合物。 闪蒸在低于约650°F的温度下进行，以增加制备的混合物中的第一溶解溶剂的量。 然后将制备的混合物与第二溶解溶剂混合以产生进行两次或多次连续相分离的进料混合物。 存在的不溶性煤产品在第一分离区中与进料混合物分离，并且可溶性煤产物在第二分离区中从第一和第二溶解溶剂中回收。 从第一和第二重馏分和第二轻馏分中回收第二溶解溶剂用于再循环以辅助生产进料混合物。 从第一和第二闪蒸区回收第一溶解溶剂。 这导致第一溶解溶剂的回收率增加，以便在煤的初始溶解中被利用。
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公开(公告)号：US4519913A
公开(公告)日：1985-05-28
申请号：US616417
申请日：1984-06-01
CPC分类号： C02F3/2806 , C02F3/34 , Y10S210/912
摘要： A process is provided for reducing the concentration of water soluble ionic selenium species in aqueous waste solutions containing the same. The process comprises passing said waste solution through a treatment zone containing a porous matrix on which are retained populations of at least one bacteria of the genus Clostridium. The passing of said aqueous solution through said treatment zone is carried out at predetermined rates of flow, and contact between said solution and said bacteria is conducted under anaerobic conditions and at predetermined pH and temperature levels. The process provides for the conversion of the water soluble ionic selenium species to water insoluble selenium metal, which metal is retained on the porous matrix and can be recovered therefrom.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种降低含有它们的含水废液中水溶性离子硒物质浓度的方法。 该方法包括使所述废溶液通过含有多孔基质的处理区，在多孔基质上保留有至少一种梭菌属细菌的群体。 所述水溶液通过所述处理区域以预定的流速进行，并且所述溶液和所述细菌之间的接触在厌氧条件下和在预定的pH和温度水平下进行。 该方法提供将水溶性离子硒物质转化为水不溶性硒金属，该金属保留在多孔基质上并可从其中回收。
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公开(公告)号：US5730796A
公开(公告)日：1998-03-24
申请号：US786382
申请日：1997-01-16
IPC分类号： C09C1/36
CPC分类号： C09C1/3661 , C01P2004/84 , C01P2006/90
摘要： Pigmentary titanium dioxide having a high durability when used in paint or the like exposed to solar radiation and methods of producing such pigmentary titanium dioxide are provided. The durable pigmentary titanium dioxide of the invention is comprised of rutile titanium dioxide particles having cerium oxide and dense amorphous silica deposited thereon. The particles preferably also have an outer coating of hydrous alumina deposited thereon.
摘要翻译： 提供了用于暴露于太阳辐射的油漆等中具有高耐久性的着色二氧化钛和制备这种颜料二氧化钛的方法。 本发明的持久的颜料二氧化钛由其上沉积有氧化铈和致密无定形二氧化硅的金红石二氧化钛颗粒组成。 颗粒优选还具有沉积在其上的含水氧化铝的外涂层。
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公开(公告)号：US5108726A
公开(公告)日：1992-04-28
申请号：US233767
申请日：1988-08-19
CPC分类号： C01D5/004 , C01B35/122 , C01B35/143 , C01D15/08 , C01D17/00 , C01D3/22 , C01D7/38
摘要： The present invention is directed to articles of manufacture comprising solid compacts, formed at elevated pressures, from homogenous, finely divided powders of spray dried water soluble inorganic compounds. The solid compacts are characterized by their readily water dissolvable, substantially nondusting and dense nature.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及包含固体压块的制品，其由高分散的喷雾干燥的水溶性无机化合物粉末形成。 固体压块的特征在于它们易于水溶解，基本上无污染和致密性。
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公开(公告)号：US4405464A
公开(公告)日：1983-09-20
申请号：US297634
申请日：1981-08-31
CPC分类号： C02F1/705 , C02F2101/106 , Y10S210/912
摘要： A process for reducing the concentration of selenium ions in the Se(VI) oxidation state in an aqueous solution. The aqueous solution is admixed with a quantity of metallic iron. The iron reduces the selenium ions from the Se(VI) oxidation state to a lower oxidation state and then dissolves in the aqueous solution. If the pH level of the aqueous solution is above about 2.3, the selenium ions are reduced to at least the Se(IV) oxidation state and the dissolved metallic iron hydrolyses to form an iron hydroxide that precipitates. The precipitated material is separated from the aqueous solution to provide a solution having a lower concentration of selenium ions. If the pH level of the aqueous solution is below about 2.3, no iron hydrolysis is observed to occur. At least a portion of the selenium in the Se(VI) oxidation state is believed to be reduced to the elemental state. The elemental selenium then is separated from the aqueous solution to provide a solution having a lower concentration of selenium ions.
摘要翻译： 一种在水溶液中降低Se（VI）氧化态硒离子浓度的方法。 将水溶液与一定量的金属铁混合。 铁将硒离子从Se（VI）氧化态还原成较低的氧化态，然后溶解在水溶液中。 如果水溶液的pH值高于约2.3，则硒离子被还原成至少Se（IV）氧化态，溶解的金属铁水解形成沉淀的氢氧化铁。 将沉淀的材料与水溶液分离以提供硒离子浓度较低的溶液。 如果水溶液的pH值低于约2.3，则不会发生铁水解。 硒（VI）氧化态的硒的至少一部分被认为降低到元素状态。 然后将元素硒与水溶液分离，以提供硒离子浓度较低的溶液。
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公开(公告)号：US4119523A
公开(公告)日：1978-10-10
申请号：US716550
申请日：1976-08-23
申请人： Roger A. Baldwin , John L. Bills
发明人： Roger A. Baldwin , John L. Bills
摘要： An improved coal deashing process wherein soluble dissolved coal present in the ash concentrate product stream from a critical solvent deashing process can be separated and recovered from the ash concentrate by at least two alternate processing systems.In one such system, the ash concentrate (containing dissolved and undissolved coal) is admixed with a suitable organic solubilizing solvent to obtain partial redissolution, at elevated temperature and at pressures of atmospheric and above, and thereafter subjecting said mixture to a separation treatment. The liquid product thus separated, containing substantially all of the dissolved coal and only a minor amount of mineral ash, thereafter is recycled to the initial coal dissolution step to thereby provide a portion of the initial solvent necessary for preparation of the coal feed.In the alternate process, the ash concentrate (containing dissolved and undissolved coal) is again partially redissolved by admixing with a suitable organic solubilizing solvent, at elevated temperature and at pressures of atmospheric and above, and thereafter subjecting said mixture to exact and precise separation treatment. Said separation treatment being designed to effect a clean separation of coal liquefaction products from solids to thereby produce, after removal of the solvent, a deashed coal product having a low sulfur content and less than 0.15 weight percent of mineral ash.
摘要翻译： 一种改进的煤粉脱除方法，其中存在于来自临界溶剂脱灰过程的灰分浓缩物产物流中的可溶性溶解煤可以通过至少两种替代的处理系统从灰分浓缩物中分离和回收。
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