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公开(公告)号：US4140594A
公开(公告)日：1979-02-20
申请号：US797778
申请日：1977-05-17
摘要： A method for producing metal by electrolysis in a molten salt bath containing superimposed electrodes, at least one of which is a bipolar electrode. The arrangement of the electrodes creates interelectrode spaces between them. Bath is swept through these interelectrode spaces. This method is improved by providing circulation of the bath from one interelectrode space to the next at a location inwards of the outer peripheries of the electrodes. This can be accomplished e.g. by boring holes through the electrodes. It can also be accomplished by breaking the electrodes into individual, mutually separated stacks of electrodes, the circulation of the improvement then occurring e.g. in the space between the stacks.
摘要翻译： 一种通过在含有重叠电极的熔融盐浴中通过电解生产金属的方法，其中至少一个电极是双极电极。 电极的布置在它们之间产生电极间空间。 浴室被扫过这些电极间空间。 通过在电极的外周边的位置处提供从一个电极间空间到下一个电极的间隔的浴的循环来改善该方法。 这可以例如实现。 通过钻孔穿过电极。 也可以通过将电极分解成单独的，相互分离的电极堆来实现，然后进行改进的循环。 在堆栈之间的空间。
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公开(公告)号：US4410403A
公开(公告)日：1983-10-18
申请号：US160236
申请日：1980-06-17
摘要： An electrolysis method involving electrolyzing, between anodic and cathodic surface areas, a compound dissolved in a solvent. A liquid cathodic body is located in a region such that it is possible for waves in the body to touch anodic surface area. The improvement includes placing a bed of objects into the mentioned region. Interstices remain between the objects for accommodating liquid from the mentioned body.
摘要翻译： 电解方法包括在阳极和阴极表面积之间电解溶解在溶剂中的化合物。 液体阴极体位于使得身体中的波可能接触阳极表面积的区域中。 改进之处包括将物体床放置在所述区域内。 物体之间留有间隙，用于容纳来自上述物体的液体。
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公开(公告)号：US3996117A
公开(公告)日：1976-12-07
申请号：US455374
申请日：1974-03-27
CPC分类号： C25C3/18
摘要： In a process for producing aluminum, which process conventionally includes electrolytically decomposing alumina to aluminum metal in a molten electrolyte bath between a carbon anode and a cathodic interface formed between a molten aluminum metal pad and sides electrolyte bath, the bathA. being predominantly NaF and AlF.sub.3,b. containing CaF.sub.2 and Al.sub.2 O.sub.3, andC. being covered by a frozen crust,The improvement including providing in the bath 5 to 10 weight-% LiF, while maintaining in the bath a weight ratio NaF to AlF.sub.3 of 1.04 to 1.15, and while maintaining a frozen layer bounding the sizes of the aluminum metal pad and bath.
摘要翻译： 在一种生产铝的方法中，该方法通常包括在形成在熔融铝金属垫和侧面电解液浴之间的碳阳极和阴极界面之间的熔融电解液浴中将铝氧化物电解分解成铝。浴A具有预制的NaF和 AlF3，b。 包含CaF 2和Al 2 O 3以及C.由FROZEN CRUST覆盖的改进，包括在5至10重量％LiF中提供的改进，同时保持浴中NaF至AlF 3的重量比为1.04至1.15，同时保持 包围铝金属垫和浴的尺寸的冻结层。
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公开(公告)号：US4222830A
公开(公告)日：1980-09-16
申请号：US973141
申请日：1978-12-26
摘要： A process for purifying impure aluminum comprises introducing the impure aluminum to the anode layer of an electrolytic cell of the type having a bottom layer of molten aluminum-copper alloy constituting the anode layer and having a top layer of molten aluminum constituting a cathode layer, the cathode and anode layers separated by an electrolyte layer. Aluminum is electrolytically transported from the anode to the cathode in a first purification step and then fractionally crystallized to remove further impurities therefrom by crystallizing pure aluminum and thereafter separating the molten remaining part, which is high in impurities, from the purified aluminum. The impure molten aluminum portion is then recycled back to the electrolytic cell or to another fractional crystallization step.
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公开(公告)号：US4111764A
公开(公告)日：1978-09-05
申请号：US797779
申请日：1977-05-17
摘要： A method for feeding a subliming material into a liquid is disclosed, by which the end of a pipe is submerged below the surface of the liquid, and a subliming, particulate material is propelled through the pipe and into the liquid by a flow of gas. The flow rate of the entraining gas is sufficient to prevent the formation of deposits on the interior walls of the pipe by countercurrent gaseous diffusion of the subliming material.
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公开(公告)号：US4273627A
公开(公告)日：1981-06-16
申请号：US107138
申请日：1979-12-26
摘要： A process for purifying impure aluminum comprises introducing the impure aluminum to the anode layer of an electrolytic cell of the type having a bottom layer of molten aluminum-copper alloy constituting the anode layer and having a top layer of molten aluminum constituting a cathode layer, the cathode and anode layers separated by an electrolyte layer. Aluminum is electrolytically transported from the anode to the cathode in a first purification step and then treated with a carbonaceous material to remove magnesium therefrom. Thereafter, the treated portion is fractionally crystallized to remove further impurities therefrom by crystallizing pure aluminum and separating the molten remaining part, which is high in impurities, from the purified aluminum. The impure molten aluminum portion is then recycled back to the electrolytic cell or to another fractional crystallization step.
摘要翻译： 纯化不纯铝的方法包括将不纯铝引入构成阳极层的具有熔融铝 - 铜合金底层的电解池的阳极层，并且具有构成阴极层的熔融铝的顶层， 由电解质层分隔的阴极和阳极层。 在第一纯化步骤中将铝从阳极电解输送到阴极，然后用碳质材料处理以从其中除去镁。 此后，将经处理的部分分级结晶以通过使纯铝结晶除去其他杂质，并从纯化的铝中分离出杂质高的熔融剩余部分。 然后将不纯的熔融铝部分再循环回到电解槽或另一分步结晶步骤。
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公开(公告)号：US4165263A
公开(公告)日：1979-08-21
申请号：US947847
申请日：1978-10-02
摘要： A method is disclosed for preparing for operation a cell, having an outer shell and an inner lining, which is employed to produce metal by electrolysis of a compound of the metal in a molten production bath. The method includes placing in the cell an initial bath having a solidus temperature higher than the solidus temperature of the production bath, and higher than the temperature maintained on the inside surface of the shell. Because of this higher solidus temperature, a freeze-line barrier for the initial bath is established within the lining of the cell. Subsequently, electrolysis is carried out in the production bath.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于操作具有外壳和内衬的电池的方法，其用于通过在熔融生产浴中电解金属化合物来生产金属。 该方法包括将固相线温度高于生产槽的固相线温度的初始浴，并且高于保持在壳体内表面上的温度。 由于这个更高的固相线温度，在电池衬里内建立了初始浴槽的冷冻屏障。 随后，在生产浴中进行电解。
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公开(公告)号：US4071420A
公开(公告)日：1978-01-31
申请号：US717699
申请日：1976-08-25
摘要： A method for the electrolytic production of metal, including electrolyzing, between anodic and cathodic surface areas, a compound of the metal dissolved in a molten solvent, the electrolyzing being performed at a temperature such that the metal is formed in the molten state, the metal collecting in a molten metal pad, wherein the improvement includes the provision of cathodic surface area in the form of an array of elements protruding out of the pad into the solvent toward the anodic surface area for establishing a series of locations at which the anode-cathode distance is up to 11/4 inches.A method for the electrolytic production of metal, including electrolyzing, between anodic and cathodic surface areas, a compound of the metal dissolved in a molten solvent, the electrolyzing being performed at a temperature such that the metal is formed in the molten state, wherein the improvement includes the provision of cathodic surface area formed from at least one hollow body in the solvent, the hollow body containing molten material.A method for the electrolytic production of metal, including electrolyzing, between anodic and cathodic surface areas, a compound of the metal dissolved in a molten solvent, the electrolyzing being performed at a temperature such that the metal is formed in the molten state, wherein the improvement includes the provision of cathodic surface area in the form of a grate inserted in the solvent.
摘要翻译： 一种电解生产金属的方法，包括在阳极和阴极表面积之间电解，溶解在熔融溶剂中的金属化合物，电解是在金属形成熔融状态的温度下进行的，金属 收集在熔融金属垫中，其中改进包括提供以从衬垫突出到元件中的元件阵列形式的阴极表面积，以朝向阳极表面区域建立一系列位置，阳极 - 阴极 距离可达11/4英寸。
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公开(公告)号：US4239606A
公开(公告)日：1980-12-16
申请号：US107149
申请日：1979-12-26
CPC分类号： C25C3/24
摘要： A process for purifying impure aluminum comprises introducing the impure aluminum to the anode layer of an electrolytic cell of the type having a bottom layer of molten aluminum-copper alloy constituting the anode layer and having a top layer of molten aluminum constituting a cathode layer, the cathode and anode layers separated by an electrolyte layer. Aluminum is electrolytically transported from the anode to the cathode in a first purification step and then fractionally crystallized to remove further impurities therefrom by crystallizing pure aluminum and thereafter separating the molten remaining part, which is high in impurities, from the purified aluminum. The impure molten aluminum portion is then recycled back to the electrolytic cell or to another fractional crystallization step.
摘要翻译： 纯化不纯铝的方法包括将不纯铝引入构成阳极层的具有熔融铝 - 铜合金底层的电解池的阳极层，并且具有构成阴极层的熔融铝的顶层， 由电解质层分隔的阴极和阳极层。 铝在第一纯化步骤中从阳极电解输送到阴极，然后通过结晶纯铝分级结晶以除去其中的杂质，然后从纯化的铝中分离出杂质高的熔融剩余部分。 然后将不纯的熔融铝部分再循环回到电解槽或另一分步结晶步骤。
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公开(公告)号：US4124682A
公开(公告)日：1978-11-07
申请号：US867585
申请日：1978-01-06
申请人： Stanley C. Jacobs , Larry K. King
发明人： Stanley C. Jacobs , Larry K. King
CPC分类号： B01J8/006 , B01D7/02 , B01J8/24 , B01J8/28 , C01F7/58 , C01F7/62 , C22B34/1231 , B01J2208/00132 , C01P2004/50 , C01P2004/61 , C01P2006/80 , Y02P10/23 , Y10S423/15 , Y10S423/16
摘要： Recovery of high purity aluminum chloride is achieved by use of a series of condensers wherein the first condenser is operated at a high temperature of 80.degree.-110.degree. C to insure minimum condensation of other metal chlorides such as titanium chloride, silicon chloride, or the like, while a second condenser operates at a much lower temperature of from 20.degree.-50.degree. C to trap all impurities while reducing the chloride losses to a minimum. The product of the first condenser may then be used as a feed for the electrolytic reduction of aluminum chloride to metallic aluminum.
摘要翻译： 通过使用一系列冷凝器来回收高纯度氯化铝，其中第一冷凝器在80-110℃的高温下运行，以确保其它金属氯化物如氯化钛，氯化硅或 同时第二个冷凝器在20°-50℃的较低温度下操作，以捕获所有杂质，同时将氯化物损失降至最低。 然后可以将第一冷凝器的产物用作将氯化铝电解还原成金属铝的进料。
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