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公开(公告)号：US4118313A
公开(公告)日：1978-10-03
申请号：US705243
申请日：1976-07-14
申请人： Eugen Hadamovsky , Wolfgang Hoppe , Hans-Walter Overhausen , Bernhard Piotrowski , Wehrhart Schmid , Georg Schreiber , Heinz Schroeder
发明人： Eugen Hadamovsky , Wolfgang Hoppe , Hans-Walter Overhausen , Bernhard Piotrowski , Wehrhart Schmid , Georg Schreiber , Heinz Schroeder
CPC分类号： B01D11/0242 , B01D11/043 , B01J14/00 , B01J19/242 , B01J8/20 , B01J2219/00162
摘要： A process for mass transfer between heterogeneous systems or phases in a vertical exchange column having at least one plate, a heavier stream of matter being introduced above the plate and, a lighter stream of matter being introduced countercurrently thereto from the bottom of the plate, wherein (a) a heavier stream of matter fed from the top is deflected, above the plate, into a mixing zone in which the heavier stream undergoes vertical rotary movement and is mixed with a lighter stream of matter passing from below through a first passgeway of the plate and introduced into the mixing zone to also undergo vertical rotary movement, (b) a heavier phase, suspension, or the like fluid-like mass forming in the mixing zone during the mass transfer therein is accumulated in a zone superjacent to a second passageway of the plate; and (c) after a sufficient pressure gradient has been built up, the accumulated mass flows as another heavier stream through the second passageway into a space underneath the plate and is at this location deflected into another mixing zone in which another heavier steam undergoes vertical rotary movement, having a sense or direction of rotation opposite to that in the mixing zone above the plate, and is mixed with a lighter stream of matter fed from below.
摘要翻译： 在具有至少一个板的垂直交换柱中的异相系统或相之间的质量传递的过程，在板上方引入物质的较重物质，以及从板的底部逆流引入的较轻质的物质流，其中 （a）从顶部进料的物质较重的物流在板上方偏转到混合区，其中较重的物流经历垂直旋转运动，并与来自下面的较轻物质混合通过第一过道路 并引入混合区以进行垂直旋转运动，（b）在其中传质期间在混合区中形成的较重相，悬浮液或类似流体状物质积聚在超过第二通道的区域 的板块 和（c）在已经建立了足够的压力梯度之后，积聚的质量作为另一较重的气流通过第二通道流入板下方的空间，并且在该位置偏转到另一个较重的蒸汽经历垂直旋转 运动，具有与板上方的混合区域相反的感觉或旋转方向，并且与从下方进料的较轻质的物质混合。
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公开(公告)号：US06350400B1
公开(公告)日：2002-02-26
申请号：US09445393
申请日：1999-12-06
申请人： Bernhard Piotrowski
发明人： Bernhard Piotrowski
IPC分类号： B29C4736
CPC分类号： C08J3/18 , B29C47/786 , B29C47/822 , C08K5/0016 , C08L27/06
摘要： The invention relates to a process for producing plasticized thermoplastic products, in particular flexible PVC, by means of an extruder wherein a thermoplastic processed with plasticizer to give a dry blend and a plasticizer are combined and heated to form the final product.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种通过挤出机生产增塑的热塑性产品，特别是柔性PVC的方法，其中将用增塑剂处理以得到干混合物的热塑性塑料和增塑剂混合并加热以形成最终产品。
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公开(公告)号：US4642262A
公开(公告)日：1987-02-10
申请号：US588058
申请日：1984-03-09
申请人： Bernhard Piotrowski , Robert Buning , Bernhard Janser , Egon Lang
发明人： Bernhard Piotrowski , Robert Buning , Bernhard Janser , Egon Lang
CPC分类号： D01D5/11 , Y10T428/2904 , Y10T442/69
摘要： Disclosed is a method of making fibrids from thermoplastics synthetics and copolymers thereof by expanding by vaporization, in the presence of a gaseous propellant, a polymer solution under elevated pressure and elevated temperature in a mixing nozzle under shear inducing conditions wherein the true or apparent solution of the polymer in solvent is expanded by the use of superheated steam having an average energy density of at least 50 watt-seconds per cubic centimeter in the mixing nozzle.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种通过在剪切诱导条件下在混合喷嘴中在升高的压力和升高的温度下在气态推进剂存在下通过气化而扩展纤维素的方法，其中真实或表观溶液 溶剂中的聚合物通过使用混合喷嘴中平均能量密度为至少50瓦特/立方厘米的过热蒸汽而膨胀。
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公开(公告)号：US5277878A
公开(公告)日：1994-01-11
申请号：US889339
申请日：1992-05-28
CPC分类号： B01J19/2435 , B01F3/0451 , B01F3/04836 , C07C67/39 , B01J2219/00081 , Y02P20/582
摘要： A reactor for carrying out heterogeneous-phase reactions, in particular gas/liquid reactions with a continuous liquid phase and a dispersed (discontinuous) gas phase, is described, in which, in a horizontal plane, a substantially vertically upward-directed flow of the reaction medium takes place in a first region of the reactor cross-section and a substantially vertically downward-directed flow takes place in another region of the reactor having a device for dispersing the discontinuous phase such as a dispersing screen, substantially only in the regions with upward-directed flow. The reactor is here designed in such a way that free flow of the reaction medium from regions with downward-directed flow to regions with upward-directed flow is possible in the region of the dispersing device. The preferred use of the proposed reactor is the exothermic oxidation of p-xylene and monomethyl p-toluate with air in the so-called Witten DMT process.
摘要翻译： 描述了用于进行非均相反应的反应器，特别是具有连续液相和分散（不连续）气相的气/液反应，其中在水平面中，基本上垂直向上流动的 反应介质发生在反应器横截面的第一区域中，并且在反应器的另一区域中发生基本上垂直向下的流动，其具有用于分散不连续相的装置，例如分散屏幕，基本上仅在具有 向上流动。 反应器在这里被设计成使得反应介质从具有向下流动的区域到具有向上流动的区域的区域的自由流动在分散装置的区域中是可能的。 所提出的反应器的优选用途是在所谓的Witten DMT工艺中对二甲苯和对甲苯甲酸单甲酯与空气的放热氧化。
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公开(公告)号：US4783564A
公开(公告)日：1988-11-08
申请号：US102291
申请日：1987-09-25
CPC分类号： C07C17/02
摘要： A method is disclosed for the preparation of 1,2-dichloroethane in a reactor by the reaction of gaseous ethylene with chlorine dissolved in a hot, catalyst-containing, liquid circulating stream that is under elevated pressure and consists of chlorinated hydrocarbons. All of the chlorine is absorbed outside of the reactor, at a temperature above 90.degree. C., a pressure of more than 4 bar, and an average residence time of less than 120 seconds. The reaction takes place at the phase boundary surface of a dispersion produced from gaseous ethylene and the chlorine-containing, liquid, circulating stream, at an energy dissipation density of 0.05 to 1000 kilowatts per cubic meter, a temperature of 90.degree. to 200.degree. C., and a pressure of 7 to 20 bar. Iron(III) chloride is used preferably as catalyst. Oxygen is used preferably as inhibitor for preventing the formation of byproducts. The separation of the unreacted amounts of ethylene and chlorine as well as other gaseous components from the product-containing circulating stream is performed preferably in an expansion tank.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种在反应器中通过气态乙烯与氯溶解在热的含催化剂的液体循环流中的氯气的反应来制备1,2-二氯乙烷的方法，所述热的含催化剂的液体循环流在升高的压力下由氯代烃组成。 所有氯在反应器外部被吸收，温度高于90℃，压力大于4巴，平均停留时间小于120秒。 反应发生在由气态乙烯和含氯液体循环流产生的分散体的相界面处，能量耗散密度为0.05〜1000千瓦/立方米，温度为90〜200℃ 压力为7至20巴。 优选使用氯化铁（III）作为催化剂。 氧优选用作防止副产物形成的抑制剂。 优选在膨胀罐中进行未反应量的乙烯和氯以及其它气态成分从含产物循环流中的分离。
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