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公开(公告)号：US20070127311A1
公开(公告)日：2007-06-07
申请号：US11309153
申请日：2006-06-29
IPC分类号： H04B17/00
CPC分类号： G01V13/00
摘要： A method and system for calibrating acoustic receivers. The method and system facilitate calibrating the acoustic receivers while they are mounted to a downhole acoustic tool. Calibrating the acoustic receivers in situ provides more accurate results than previously available. The method and system provide separate compensation factors for the acoustic receivers at different frequencies and for different transmission sources. The separate compensation factors facilitate more accurate signal acquisition over a wider range of conditions.
摘要翻译： 一种用于校准声学接收器的方法和系统。 该方法和系统便于将声学接收器安装到井下声学工具上进行校准。 原位校准声学接收器比以前提供更准确的结果。 该方法和系统为不同频率和不同传输源的声接收机提供单独的补偿因子。 单独的补偿因素有助于在更广泛的条件下更准确地获取信号。
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公开(公告)号：US07554882B2
公开(公告)日：2009-06-30
申请号：US11309153
申请日：2006-06-29
CPC分类号： G01V13/00
摘要： A method for in-situ calibrating acoustic receivers while the tool is in an open or cased borehole or during a logging run in a borehole. The method and system facilitate calibrating the acoustic receivers while they are mounted to a downhole acoustic tool. Calibrating the acoustic receivers in situ provides more accurate results than previously available. The method and system provide separate compensation factors for the acoustic receivers at different frequencies and for different transmission sources. The separate compensation factors facilitate more accurate signal acquisition over a wider range of conditions.
摘要翻译： 一种在工具处于开放或套管钻孔中或在井眼测井期间原位校准声学接收器的方法。 该方法和系统便于将声学接收器安装到井下声学工具上进行校准。 原位校准声学接收器比以前提供更准确的结果。 该方法和系统为不同频率和不同传输源的声接收机提供单独的补偿因子。 单独的补偿因素有助于在更广泛的条件下更准确地获取信号。
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公开(公告)号：US5594706A
公开(公告)日：1997-01-14
申请号：US170567
申请日：1993-12-20
申请人： Ramachandra Shenoy , Shu-Kong Chang
发明人： Ramachandra Shenoy , Shu-Kong Chang
CPC分类号： G01V1/48
摘要： Methods for processing sonic logging data obtained by a sonic imaging tool or an MWD tool are provided. The sonic logging data are bandpass filtered and sampled according to techniques such as integer band decimation, quadrature modulation, and single side band modulation to provide compressed signals which can be reconstructed if desired. The compressed signals are alternatively stored for downloading and further processing, sent uphole for processing, or processed downhole. The processing preferably involves processing the analytic portion of the compressed signals according to an improved semblance processing technique where the semblance function is calculated over a time window utilizing coarse slowness and time sampling steps. The slowness and time sampling steps are dictated by the parameters of the bandpass filter and the inter-receiver spacing of the tool. The waveform for each receiver is preferably interpolated based on the time step size to provide those data points necessary for stacking. From the determined semblance peaks, or interpolation thereabout, the formation slowness is derived.
摘要翻译： 提供了用于处理由声波成像工具或MWD工具获得的声波测井数据的方法。 根据诸如整数带抽取，正交调制和单边带调制的技术对声波测井数据进行带通滤波和采样，以提供可以根据需要重建的压缩信号。 压缩信号交替存储用于下载和进一步处理，发送到井上进行处理或在井下处理。 该处理优选地涉及根据改进的相似处理技术对压缩信号的分析部分进行处理，其中利用粗略的慢度和时间采样步骤在时间窗口上计算相似度函数。 慢度和时间采样步骤由带通滤波器的参数和工具的接收器间距决定。 优选地，基于时间步长来对每个接收机的波形进行内插以提供堆叠所需的那些数据点。 从确定的外形峰值或其周围的插值，导出形成慢度。
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公开(公告)号：US5309404A
公开(公告)日：1994-05-03
申请号：US722321
申请日：1991-06-28
申请人： Sergio Kostek , Thomas J. Plona , Shu-Kong Chang
发明人： Sergio Kostek , Thomas J. Plona , Shu-Kong Chang
CPC分类号： G01V1/48 , G01V1/52 , Y10S367/911
摘要： An apparatus for reducing or eliminating the effects of a quadrupole component of an acoustic signal received from a transversely mounted acoustic source in a drill collar of a logging while drilling tool. The apparatus includes a drill collar for supporting a drill bit, a transversely mounted transmitter situated in a first horizontal plane in the drill collar which transmits acoustic energy into an earth formation. The drill collar also houses at least one receiver mounted in a second horizontal plane in the drill collar at an angular displacement from the transmitter such that the effects of a quadrupole component of the acoustic energy detected by the receiver are rendered insignificant.
摘要翻译： 一种用于减少或消除从钻井工具的钻铤中从横向安装的声源接收的声信号的四极分量的影响的装置。 该装置包括用于支撑钻头的钻铤，位于钻铤中的第一水平平面中的横向安装的发射器，其将声能传递到地层中。 钻铤还容纳至少一个接收器，其安装在钻铤中的第二水平平面中，与发射器成角度位移，使得由接收器检测到的声能的四极分量的影响变得不显着。
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5.发明授权Methods and apparatus for simultaneous compressional, shear and Stoneley logging 失效用于同时进行压缩，剪切和Stoneley测井的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5265067A
公开(公告)日：1993-11-23
申请号：US777041
申请日：1991-10-16
申请人： Shu-Kong Chang
发明人： Shu-Kong Chang
CPC分类号： G01V1/46
摘要： Methods and apparatus are described for simultaneously acquiring time-domain (e.g., compressional) and frequency-domain (e.g., monopole Stoneley and/or dipole shear) borehole logs which are separated by frequency filtering. Monopole (Stoneley) data and dipole (shear) data are acquired simultaneously using discrete-frequency sonic emission, preferably at distinct frequencies to avoid cross-mode interference. A preferred embodiment combines discrete-frequency dipole sonic emission at low frequency (up to 5 kHz) to log formation shear wave, high frequency (5 to 30 kHz) time-domain monopole emission with first-motion detection to log formation compressional wave, and discrete-frequency monopole emission at low frequency (below 5 kHz) to log borehole Stoneley wave. The measurements of compressional, shear and Stoneley can be transmitted uphole using a small telemetry bandwidth. Benefits include higher logging speed, acquisition of all three measurements in a single logging run, real-time acquisition and processing of the three measurements, and a reduced telemetry load which allows a tool making the three measurements to be combined with other logging tools.
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公开(公告)号：US07603238B2
公开(公告)日：2009-10-13
申请号：US11867663
申请日：2007-10-04
CPC分类号： G01V1/30
摘要： A method for acquiring and analyzing time-series data using singularities is described. This method allows for the analysis of data over a wide spectrum of frequencies. Once the data is acquired in an oil field, singularities of the data are extracted; and the extracted singularities are utilized to interpret the formation properties related to the data.
摘要翻译： 描述了使用奇异点获取和分析时间序列数据的方法。 该方法允许在宽频谱范围内对数据进行分析。 一旦在油田中获取数据，则提取数据的奇点; 并且提取的奇点用于解释与数据相关的形成属性。
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7.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4703460A
公开(公告)日：1987-10-27
申请号：US687074
申请日：1984-12-28
CPC分类号： G01V1/44
摘要： The shear velocity of a formation traversed by a fluid-filled open or cased borehole is obtained directly. Waveforms are obtained from a dipole acoustic investigation of the formation relative to a common location in the borehole. In this investigation, the bandwidth of the waveforms is substantially bounded by an upper frequency f.sub.u at and below which energy traveling at the shear velocity is dominant. Moreover, the bandwidth of the waveforms is concentrated near the frequency f.sub.u. The shear velocity of said earth formation is determined from these waveforms. In one embodiment, the waveforms are obtained from a broadband dipole acoustic investigation. The waveforms are low-pass filtered, and an interim shear velocity v.sub.s is determined from the filtered waveforms. The filtering and determining of v.sub.s are done first for an initial f.sub.cut, and subsequently for additional decreasing values of f.sub.cut, until a preselected relationship between f.sub.cut and v.sub.s is satisfied. The last-determined v.sub.s is the shear velocity. Other embodiments are discussed.
摘要翻译： 通过流体填充的开放或套管钻孔穿过的地层的剪切速度直接获得。 从相对于钻孔中的公共位置的地层的偶极声学研究获得波形。 在这个调查中，波形的带宽基本上由在频率和低于该频率的剪切速度下行进的能量占主导地位。 此外，波形的带宽集中在频率fu附近。 所述地层的剪切速度由这些波形确定。 在一个实施例中，从宽带偶极子声学调查获得波形。 波形被低通滤波，并根据滤波后的波形确定中间剪切速度。 首先对初始fcut进行vs的过滤和确定，然后对fcut的额外减小值进行处理，直到满足fcut和vs之间的预选关系。 最后确定的vs是剪切速度。 讨论其他实施例。
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公开(公告)号：US20080144439A1
公开(公告)日：2008-06-19
申请号：US12011158
申请日：2008-01-24
申请人： Thomas J. Plona , Shu-Kong Chang
发明人： Thomas J. Plona , Shu-Kong Chang
IPC分类号： G01V1/34
摘要： Techniques for displaying sonic logging data that provide highly reliable, visual quality-control (QC) indicators. One aspect herein is directed to a display of sonic logging data corresponding to a slowness frequency analysis (SFA) projection log.
摘要翻译： 显示提供高度可靠的视觉质量控制（QC）指标的声波测井数据的技术。 本文的一个方面涉及对应于慢速频率分析（SFA）投影日志的声波测井数据的显示。
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公开(公告)号：US5923167A
公开(公告)日：1999-07-13
申请号：US819463
申请日：1997-03-17
申请人： Shu-Kong Chang , Krishnamurthy Ganesan , Martin Erich Poitzsch , Robert Kleinberg , Abdurrahman Sezginer
发明人： Shu-Kong Chang , Krishnamurthy Ganesan , Martin Erich Poitzsch , Robert Kleinberg , Abdurrahman Sezginer
CPC分类号： G01V3/32
摘要： A logging-while-drilling tool contains a pulsed nuclear magnetic resonance (NMR) device for evaluating earth formations. An antenna of the pulsed NMR device is electromagnetically coupled with a drill collar of the tool for evaluating earth formations. In this way, the antenna generates a magnetic dipole parallel to a surface of the drill collar and the drill collar enhances the electromagnetic field generated by the antenna.
摘要翻译： 钻井测井工具包含用于评估地层的脉冲核磁共振（NMR）装置。 脉冲NMR装置的天线与用于评估地层的工具的钻铤电磁耦合。 以这种方式，天线产生平行于钻铤的表面的磁偶极子，并且钻铤增强由天线产生的电磁场。
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10.发明授权Method of and apparatus for sonic logging while drilling a borehole traversing an earth formation 失效在穿过地层钻孔的钻孔过程中进行声波测井的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US5852587A
公开(公告)日：1998-12-22
申请号：US839969
申请日：1992-02-20
申请人： Sergio Kostek , Shu-Kong Chang , Gordon McDaniel , Thomas Plona , Curtis Randall
发明人： Sergio Kostek , Shu-Kong Chang , Gordon McDaniel , Thomas Plona , Curtis Randall
摘要： The present invention is directed to sonic logging while drilling. A transmitter and at least one receiver are mounted on a drill collar for performing sonic investigations of the formation traversing a borehole. It has been discovered that a drill collar has a natural stop band or notch where acoustic energy propagating in this frequency range is severely attenuated. Thus, to reduce drill collar acoustic coupling, the transmitter is operated within this natural stop band of the drill collar. An imperforate stop band filter is also included between the transmitter and receiver to amplify the natural stop band. The transmitter is mounted transvere to the longitudinal axis of the drill collar, and is preferably mounted within means that reduce drill collar acoustic coupling. The transmitter preferably includes a material whose acoustic response is more favorable along its longitudinal axis relative to its radial axis, thereby directing the acoustic energy into the formation rather than the surrounding drill collar.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及在钻探时的声波测井。 发射器和至少一个接收器安装在钻铤上，用于对穿过钻孔的地层进行声波研究。 已经发现钻铤具有自然的阻挡带或凹口，其中在该频率范围内传播的声能被严重衰减。 因此，为了减少钻铤声耦合，变送器在钻铤的这个自然停止带内操作。 发射机和接收机之间还包括一个无孔挡板滤波器，以放大自然停带。 变送器安装在钻铤的纵向轴线上，并且优选地安装在减少钻铤声耦合的装置内。 发射器优选地包括其声响应相对于其径向轴线沿其纵向轴线更有利的材料，从而将声能引导到地层而不是周围的钻铤。
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