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公开(公告)号：US5021381A
公开(公告)日：1991-06-04
申请号：US435856
申请日：1989-11-13
IPC分类号： C08F4/622 , C08F136/06
CPC分类号： C08F136/06
摘要： This invention reveals a technique for preparing syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene latex. It more specifically discloses a process for synthesizing syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene latex by polymerizing 1,3-butadiene in an aqueous medium in the presence of (1) at least one emulsifier, (2) a catalyst emulsion composition which is prepared by a microfluidization or microemulsification process, and (3) at least one member selected from the group consisting of carbon disulfide and phenyl isothiocyanate. Such syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene latices can be utilized in preparing blends of syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene with rubbers which are prepared by emulsion polymerization.
摘要翻译： 本发明揭示了制备间同立构1,2-聚丁二烯胶乳的技术。 更具体地公开了在（1）至少一种乳化剂存在下，通过在水性介质中聚合1,3-丁二烯来合成间同立构1,2-聚丁二烯胶乳的方法，（2）催化剂乳液组合物，其通过 微流化或微乳化方法，和（3）选自二硫化碳和异硫氰酸苯基酯中的至少一种。 间同立构1,2-聚丁二烯胶乳可用于制备间同立构1,2-聚丁二烯与通过乳液聚合制备的橡胶的共混物。
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公开(公告)号：US4902741A
公开(公告)日：1990-02-20
申请号：US235397
申请日：1988-08-24
IPC分类号： C08F36/06 , C08F2/22 , C08F4/60 , C08F4/70 , C08F136/06
CPC分类号： C08F136/06 , Y10S526/903
摘要： This invention reveals a technique for preparing syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene latex. It more specifically discloses a process for synthesizing syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene latex by polymerizing 1,3-butadiene in an aqueous medium in the presence of (1) at least one emulsifier, (2) a catalyst emulsion composition which is prepared by a microfluidization or microemulsification process, and (3) at least one member selected from the group consisting of carbon disulfide and phenyl isothiocyanate. Such syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene latices can be utilized in preparing blends of syndiotactic 1,2-polybutadiene with rubbers which are prepared by emulsion polymerization.
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公开(公告)号：US5191008A
公开(公告)日：1993-03-02
申请号：US779666
申请日：1991-10-21
IPC分类号： C08F2/16 , C08F236/04
CPC分类号： C08F236/04
摘要： The present invention relates to a free radical emulsion polymerization process. The latex is prepared by polymerizing (a) at least one conjugated diene, (b) at least one non-carboxylic vinyl aromatic or aliphatic comonomer selected from the group consisting of styrene, .alpha.-methyl styrene, p-methyl styrene, vinyl toluene, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, vinylidene chloride, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, vinyl pyridine, methylmethacrylate, hexylacrylate, 2-ethyl hexyl acrylate or mixtures thereof, and (c) at least one ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, .beta.-carboxyethyl acrylate, itaconic acid or mixtures thereof. The process of the present invention is characterized by (1) polymerizing a first portion of non-carboxylic comonomer in the absence of any conjugated diene to a conversion of 60 to 90 percent to form a partially polymerized latex; (2) introducing to the partially polymerized latex the total amount of conjugated diene to be polymerized; (3) copolymerizing the conjugated diene with the unreacted non-carboxylic comonomer in the partially polymerized latex to a conversion of 75 to 90 percent of unreacted conjugated diene and noncarboxylic comonomer; (4) introducing the remaining portion of non-carboxylic comonomer to be polymerized to the latex having a conversion of 75 to 90 percent; and (5) copolymerizing the remaining portion of non-carboxylic comonomer in the latex with the unreacted conjugated diene latex to form a latex having a conversion of from 90 to 100 percent.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种自由基乳液聚合方法。 通过聚合（a）至少一种共轭二烯，（b）至少一种选自苯乙烯，α-甲基苯乙烯，对甲基苯乙烯，乙烯基甲苯等的非羧酸乙烯基芳族或脂族共聚单体来制备胶乳， 丙烯腈，甲基丙烯腈，偏二氯乙烯，丙烯酸乙酯，丙烯酸丁酯，乙烯基吡啶，甲基丙烯酸甲酯，丙烯酸己酯，丙烯酸2-乙基己酯或其混合物，和（c）至少一种选自丙烯酸， 甲基丙烯酸，马来酸，富马酸，丙烯酸β-羧乙酯，衣康酸或其混合物。 本发明的方法的特征在于：（1）在不存在任何共轭二烯的情况下将第一部分非羧酸共聚单体聚合至60至90％的转化率以形成部分聚合的胶乳; （2）向部分聚合的胶乳中引入待聚合的共轭二烯的总量; （3）将共轭二烯与未反应的非羧酸共聚单体在部分聚合的胶乳中共聚合，转化率为75-90％的未反应共轭二烯和非羧酸共聚单体; （4）将待聚合的剩余部分非羧酸共聚单体引入转化率为75-90％的胶乳中; 和（5）将胶乳中的剩余部分的非羧酸共聚单体与未反应的共轭二烯胶乳共聚以形成转化率为90-100％的胶乳。
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公开(公告)号：US5191009A
公开(公告)日：1993-03-02
申请号：US584985
申请日：1990-09-20
IPC分类号： C08F2/16 , C08F2/30 , C08F257/02
CPC分类号： C08F257/02
摘要： The subject invention discloses a process for producing a neutralized latex that is useful in the manufacture of water reducible coatings which involves:(1) free radical aqueous emulsion polymerizing at a pH of less than about 3.5, a monomer mixture which comprises based on 100 weight percent monomers: (a) from about 45 to about 85 weight percent vinyl aromatic monomers, (b) from about 15 to about 50 weight percent of at least one alkyl acrylate monomer, and (c) from about 1 to about 6 weight percent of at least one unsaturated carbonyl compound; in the presence of about 0.5 to 4.0 phm at least one phosphate ester surfactant; in the presence of about 0.5 to 4.0 phm of at least one water insoluble nonionic surface active agent to produce a latex; and in the presence of at least one seed polymer which is contains of repeat units which are derived from about 45 to about 85 weight percent vinyl aromatic monomers, from about 15 to about 50 weight percent alkyl acrylate monomers, and from about 1 to about 6 weight percent unsaturated carbonyl compounds; and(2) neutralizing the latex with ammonia to a pH which is within the range of about 7 to about 10.5 to produce the neutralized latex.
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公开(公告)号：US5583173A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-10
申请号：US419580
申请日：1995-04-10
CPC分类号： C08F36/04
摘要： This invention discloses a process for preparing a latex of styrene-butadiene rubber which comprises (1) charging water, a soap system, a free radical generator, 1,3-butadiene monomer, and styrene monomer into a first polymerization zone; (2) allowing the 1,3-butadiene monomer and the styrene monomer to copolymerize in the first polymerization zone to a monomer conversion which is within the range of about 15% to about 40% to produce a low conversion polymerization medium; (3) charging the low conversion polymerization medium into a second polymerization zone; (4) charging an additional quantity of 1,3-butadiene monomer and an additional quantity of styrene monomer into the second polymerization zone; (5) allowing the copolymerization to continue until a monomer conversion of at least about 50% is attained to produce the latex of styrene-butadiene rubber. This technique can also be utilized to synthesize polybutadiene latex or nitrile rubber latex by emulsion polymerization with low levels of soap.
摘要翻译： 本发明公开了一种制备苯乙烯 - 丁二烯橡胶胶乳的方法，其包括（1）将水，皂体系，自由基发生剂，1,3-丁二烯单体和苯乙烯单体加入到第一聚合区中; （2）使1,3-丁二烯单体和苯乙烯单体在第一聚合区中共聚合至单体转化率在约15％至约40％的范围内以产生低转化聚合介质; （3）将低转化率聚合介质装入第二聚合区; （4）将额外量的1,3-丁二烯单体和另外量的苯乙烯单体加入到第二聚合区中; （5）允许共聚持续直到达到至少约50％的单体转化率来生产苯乙烯 - 丁二烯橡胶的胶乳。 该技术也可用于通过低含量皂的乳液聚合合成聚丁二烯胶乳或丁腈橡胶胶乳。
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6.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4933484A
公开(公告)日：1990-06-12
申请号：US303876
申请日：1989-01-30
IPC分类号： C07C253/34
CPC分类号： C07C253/34
摘要： The present invention relates to a process for reducing the concentration of acrylontrile in an aqueous-acrylonitrile vapor stream. The process involves feeding the aqueous-acrylontrile vapor stream to a primary condenser maintained at a temperature and pressure so that a substantial amount of the water is condensed and the acrylonitrile is maintained in the vapor phase. The vapor containing the acrylonitrile from the first condenser is introduced to a secondary condenser maintained at a temperature and pressure so that substantially all the vapor is condensed. The condensate exiting the secondary condenser is introduced to a decanter where the acrylonitrile containing organic phase of the condensate is separated and recovered from the aqueous phase. The aqueous phase is recycled to the primary condenser to significantly reduce the acrylonitrile level in the aqueous phase and enhanced the separation.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种降低丙烯腈水蒸气流中丙烯腈浓度的方法。 该方法包括将含水丙烯腈蒸汽流送入保持在温度和压力下的初级冷凝器，使得大量的水被冷凝，丙烯腈保持在气相中。 将含有来自第一冷凝器的丙烯腈的蒸气引入到保持在温度和压力下使得基本上所有蒸气基本上被冷凝的二级冷凝器中。 将离开二级冷凝器的冷凝物引入滗析器，其中冷凝物的含丙烯腈的有机相从水相中分离回收。 将水相再循环到初级冷凝器中以显着降低水相中的丙烯腈水平并增强分离。
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公开(公告)号：US4480078A
公开(公告)日：1984-10-30
申请号：US574313
申请日：1984-01-27
申请人： Ramesh N. Gujarathi
发明人： Ramesh N. Gujarathi
IPC分类号： C08F2/22 , C08F265/02
CPC分类号： C08F2/22
摘要： This invention relates to an improved continuous emulsion polymerization process. Specifically, this invention relates to an improved method for producing carboxylated styrene/butadiene latices. The improvement is characterized in that a reaction mixture containing specified reaction ingredients and only a portion of the primary monomers is charged to a first reaction zone followed by subsequent injection of the remaining portion of the primary monomers to the following reaction zone in a chain consisting of two or more reactors. The latices produced by the process of this invention have improved stability during polymerization and improved physical and application properties.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及改进的连续乳液聚合方法。 具体地说，本发明涉及生产羧化苯乙烯/丁二烯胶乳的改进方法。 改进的特征在于，将含有特定反应成分和仅一部分初级单体的反应混合物装入第一反应区，随后将剩余部分的初级单体注入下列反应区， 两个或多个反应堆。 通过本发明方法生产的胶乳具有改善聚合过程中的稳定性和改善的物理和应用性能。
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公开(公告)号：US5284905A
公开(公告)日：1994-02-08
申请号：US17166
申请日：1993-02-12
IPC分类号： C08F2/16 , C08F2/30 , C08F257/02 , C08K5/49 , C08K5/52
CPC分类号： C08F257/02
摘要： The subject invention discloses a process for producing a neutralized latex that is useful in the manufacture of water reducible coatings which involves.(1) free radical aqueous emulsion polymerizing at a pH of less then about 3.5, a monomer mixture which comprises based on 100 weight percent monomers: (a) from about 45 to about 85 weight percent vinyl aromatic monomers, (b) from about 15 to about 50 weight percent of at least one alkyl acrylate monomer, and (c) from about 1 to about 6 weight percent of at least one unsaturated carbonyl compound; in the presence of about 0.5 to 4.0 phm at least one phosphate ester surfactant; in the presence of about 0.5 to 4.0 phm of at least one water insoluble nonionic surface active agent to produce a latex; and in the presence of at least one seed polymer which contains repeat units which are derived from about 45 to about 85 weight percent vinyl aromatic monomers, from about 15 to about 50 weight percent alkyl acrylate monomers, and from about 1 to about 6 weight percent unsaturated carbonyl compounds; and(2) neutralizing the latex with ammonia to a pH which is within the range of about 7 to about 10.5 to produce the neutralized latex.
摘要翻译： 本发明公开了一种生产中和胶乳的方法，其可用于制造涉及的可水稀释涂层。 （1）在小于约3.5的pH下聚合的自由基水性乳液，单体混合物，其包含基于100重量％的单体：（a）约45至约85重量％的乙烯基芳族单体，（b）约15 至约50重量％的至少一种丙烯酸烷基酯单体，和（c）约1至约6重量％的至少一种不饱和羰基化合物; 在约0.5至4.0phm的至少一种磷酸酯表面活性剂的存在下; 在约0.5至4.0phm的至少一种水不溶性非离子表面活性剂的存在下制备胶乳; 并且在存在至少一种种子聚合物的存在下，该种子聚合物包含衍生自约45至约85重量％的乙烯基芳族单体，约15至约50重量％的丙烯酸烷基酯单体和约1至约6重量％的重复单元 不饱和羰基化合物; 和（2）用氨将胶乳中和到约7至约10.5的范围内的pH以产生中和的胶乳。
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9.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5171768A
公开(公告)日：1992-12-15
申请号：US779665
申请日：1991-10-21
IPC分类号： C08F2/00 , C08F2/22 , C08F2/24 , C08F2/44 , C08F212/00 , C08F212/06 , C08F220/00 , C08F220/10 , C08F236/04 , C08F279/02
CPC分类号： C08F279/02
摘要： The present invention relates to a free radical emulsion polymerization process. The latex is prepared by polymerizing (a) at least one conjugated diene, (b) at least one non-carboxylic vinyl aromatic or aliphatic comonomer selected from the group consisting of styrene, .alpha.-methyl styrene, p-methyl styrene, vinyl toleuene, acrylonitrile, methacrylonitrile, vinylidene chloride, ethyl acrylate, butyl acrylate, vinyl pyridine, methylmethacrylate, hexylacrylate, 2-ethyl hexyl acrylate or mixtures thereof, and (c) at least one ethylenically unsaturated carboxylic acid monomer selected from the group consisting of acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, maleic acid, fumaric acid, 3-carboxyethylacrylate, itaconic acid or mixtures thereof. The process of the present invention is characterized by (a) initially polymerizing the non-carboxylic comonomer in the presence of the unsaturated carboxylic acid and in the absence of any conjugated diene to a conversion of 3 to 12 percent to form a partially polymerized latex; and thereafter (b) copolymerizing the conjugated diene with the unreacted non-carboxylic comonomer in the partially polymerized latex. The present process mitigates the formation of codimers of the conjugated diene and non-carboxylic comonomer. The present process also provides a latex having unique film forming characteristics and polymer morphology leading to unique film stiffness and stress-strain relationship.
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10.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5516818A
公开(公告)日：1996-05-14
申请号：US311974
申请日：1994-09-26
申请人： Sun-Lin Chen , Tang H. Wong , Ramesh N. Gujarathi
发明人： Sun-Lin Chen , Tang H. Wong , Ramesh N. Gujarathi
CPC分类号： C08F6/003 , C08C1/04 , C08F6/16 , Y10S528/934
摘要： A process for achieving a significant reduction in the volatile organic compound content (VOC) of an aqueous polymerization system includes the steps of contacting the aqueous polymerization system with an organic solvent and allowing said organic solvent to be absorbed into polymer particles of said aqueous polymerization system, contacting said aqueous polymerization system and organic solvent with a gas or vapor at temperature and pressure conditions which cause mass transfer of the volatile organic compounds from said latex into said gas or vapor phase, and separating said gas or vapor from said aqueous polymerization system. The solvent is generally absorbed into the polymer particles of the latex and serves as a stripping aid, especially with respect to higher molecular weight compounds which tend to remain trapped in the polymer particles during conventional stripping processes. An important advantage of the invention is that it facilitates significantly enhanced VOC reduction using conventional stripping apparatus with only relatively minor modifications thereto. The improved stripping performance of the invention is achieved without any significant deleterious effect on colloidal stability, average polymer particle size, solids content or other important latex properties.
摘要翻译： 用于实现水性聚合体系的挥发性有机化合物含量（VOC）的显着降低的方法包括使水性聚合体系与有机溶剂接触并使所述有机溶剂吸收到所述水性聚合体系的聚合物颗粒中的步骤 在温度和压力条件下使所述含水聚合体系和有机溶剂与气体或蒸汽接触，所述条件使挥发性有机化合物从所述胶乳传质到所述气体或气相中，并将所述气体或蒸汽与所述水性聚合体系分离。 溶剂通常被吸收到胶乳的聚合物颗粒中，并且用作剥离助剂，特别是对于在常规剥离过程中倾向于保留在聚合物颗粒中的较高分子量化合物。 本发明的一个重要优点在于，它有利于使用常规剥离装置显着增强VOC的降低，只对其进行较小的修改。 实现了本发明的改进的汽提性能，而对胶体稳定性，平均聚合物粒度，固体含量或其它重要胶乳性质没有明显的有害影响。
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