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    Code-division multiple-access (CDMA) wireline telemetry system
    1.
    发明申请
    Code-division multiple-access (CDMA) wireline telemetry system 失效
    码分多址（CDMA）有线遥测系统

    公开(公告)号：US20040085988A1

    公开(公告)日：2004-05-06

    申请号：US10288970

    申请日：2002-11-06

    Applicant: Halliburton Energy Services,Inc.

    Inventor： Wallace R. Gardner ,  Roger L. Schultz ,  Beegamudre N. Murali ,  Manfred G. Prammer

    IPC: H04B007/216

    CPC classification number: E21B47/122 ,  H04B1/707

    Abstract: A downhole telemetry system employing code division multiple access (CDMA) is disclosed. In one embodiment, the downhole telemetry system comprises one or more downhole transmitters and an uphole receiver. Each of the downhole transmitters transmits a corresponding uplink signal which is generated using amplitude modulation of corresponding code word signals. The code word signals are orthogonal to each other, and the transmitters may be configured to adjust the timing to assure synchronous arrival of the various uplink signals at the receiver. Each of the transmitters may be allocated a different number of code words when it is desired to allow for unequal bandwidth requirements. Such allocation is preferably dynamic. Additional modulation techniques may be employed with CDMA, including frequency division multiplexing, time division multiplexing, and frequency re-use. In the preferred embodiment, the uplink signals are transported over a multi-conductor wireline cable, but other physical channels are also contemplated.

    Abstract translation: 公开了一种采用码分多址（CDMA）的井下遥测系统。 在一个实施例中，井下遥测系统包括一个或多个井下发射器和井上接收器。 每个井下发射器发射使用对应的码字信号的幅度调制产生的对应的上行链路信号。 码字信号彼此正交，并且发射机可以被配置为调整定时以确保各种上行链路信号在接收机处的同步到达。 当希望允许不相等的带宽要求时，每个发射机可以被分配不同数量的码字。 这种分配优选是动态的。 可以使用CDMA的附加调制技术，包括频分复用，时分复用和频率重用。 在优选实施例中，上行链路信号通过多导体有线电缆传输，但也可以考虑其它物理信道。

    Adaptive filter prediction method and system for detecting drill bit failure and signaling surface operator
    2.
    发明申请
    Adaptive filter prediction method and system for detecting drill bit failure and signaling surface operator 有权
    用于检测钻头故障的自适应滤波器预测方法和信号表面操作器

    公开(公告)号：US20020148646A1

    公开(公告)日：2002-10-17

    申请号：US10040301

    申请日：2001-10-26

    Applicant: Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.

    Inventor： Roger L. Schultz ,  Orlando De Jesus ,  Andrew J. Osborne JR.

    IPC: E21B012/02

    CPC classification number: E21B47/18 ,  E21B12/02 ,  E21B41/0085 ,  E21B44/00 ,  E21B2041/0028

    Abstract: An apparatus and method for monitoring and reporting downhole bit failure. Sensors are located on a sub assembly (which is removable from the drill bit) and send data to neural net or other adaptive filter. The neural net uses past sensor readings to predict future sensor readings. The value predicted for the sensors is subtracted from the actual value to produce a prediction error. Increases in prediction error are used to indicate bit failure. The results of this are transmitted to the operator by varying the pressure in the drilling mud flow.

    Abstract translation: 一种用于监测和报告井下钻井故障的装置和方法。 传感器位于子组件（可从钻头中移除）并将数据发送到神经网络或其他自适应滤波器。 神经网络使用过去的传感器读数来预测未来的传感器读数。 从实际值中减去传感器预测的值，以产生预测误差。 预测误差的增加用于指示位故障。 其结果通过改变钻井泥浆流中的压力而传递给操作者。

    Spectral power ratio method and system for detecting drill bit failure and signaling surface operator
    3.
    发明申请
    Spectral power ratio method and system for detecting drill bit failure and signaling surface operator 有权
    用于检测钻头故障和信号表面操作器的光谱功率比方法和系统

    公开(公告)号：US20020124652A1

    公开(公告)日：2002-09-12

    申请号：US10040927

    申请日：2001-10-26

    Applicant: Halliburton Energy Services, Inc.

    Inventor： Roger L. Schultz ,  Orlando De Jesus ,  Andrew J. Osborne JR.

    IPC: G01N029/24 ,  E21B044/00 ,  G01H001/14

    CPC classification number: E21B47/185 ,  E21B12/02 ,  E21B41/0085 ,  E21B44/00 ,  E21B47/18 ,  E21B2041/0028

    Abstract: An apparatus and method for monitoring and reporting downhole bit failure. Sensors are located on a sub assembly (which is separate from the drill bit itself but located above it on the drill string). Data from the sensors (preferably accelerometers) are collected in blocks, then analyzed in the frequency domain. The frequency domain is divided into multiple bands, and the signal power in each band is compared to that of another band to produce a ratio of powers. When a bit is operating at normal condition, most of the spectral energy of the bit vibration is found in the lowest frequency band. As a bearing starts to fail, it produces a greater level of vibration in the higher frequency bands. This change in ratios is used to determine probable bit failure. Bit failure can be indicated by a given ratio surpassing a given threshold, or by monitoring the standard deviation of the frequency ratios. When the standard deviation exceeds a certain value, a failure is indicated.

    Abstract translation: 一种用于监测和报告井下钻井故障的装置和方法。 传感器位于子组件（与钻头本身分离但位于钻柱上方）。 来自传感器（优选加速度计）的数据以块为单位收集，然后在频域中进行分析。 将频域划分为多个频带，并将每个频带中的信号功率与另一频带的信号功率进行比较以产生功率比。 当一个位在正常条件下运行时，位振动的大部分频谱能量被发现在最低频带。 随着轴承开始失效，它在较高频段产生较大的振动水平。 这种比率变化用于确定可能的位故障。 位故障可以通过超过给定阈值的给定比例来表示，或者通过监视频率比的标准偏差来指示。 当标准偏差超过一定值时，会出现故障。

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