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公开(公告)号：US5229000A
公开(公告)日：1993-07-20
申请号：US674930
申请日：1991-03-26
申请人： Hedi Ben-Nasr , Ernst Kriegel , Klaus Reimann
发明人： Hedi Ben-Nasr , Ernst Kriegel , Klaus Reimann
CPC分类号： A23J7/00 , B01D11/0407 , A23V2002/00
摘要： A method and apparatus for the separation of viscous mixtures, comprising charging the mixture with solvent to form a dispersion before extraction to improve the extraction over a simple solvent extraction. The mixture to be treated is charged with solvent before the extraction and is then sprayed into the extraction column where it is dispersed. This treatment provides extraction of highly viscous, pasty materials. The charging with solvent can take place until the mixture is saturated with the solvent, and favorable temperature and pressure conditions for charging may be provided in a charging column that is separate from the extraction column.
摘要翻译： 用于分离粘性混合物的方法和装置，包括在萃取之前将混合物装入溶剂以形成分散体，以通过简单的溶剂萃取来改进萃取。 待处理的混合物在萃取前装入溶剂，然后喷入萃取柱中，在其中分散。 该处理提供高粘度的糊状材料的提取。 可以用溶剂进行充电，直到混合物用溶剂饱和，并且可以在与萃取塔分离的装料塔中提供充气的有利的温度和压力条件。
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2.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5011594A
公开(公告)日：1991-04-30
申请号：US285387
申请日：1988-12-16
申请人： Eckhard Haeffner , Hedi Ben-Nasr , Bernd Knuth , Hubert Jasper , Klaus Reimann
发明人： Eckhard Haeffner , Hedi Ben-Nasr , Bernd Knuth , Hubert Jasper , Klaus Reimann
CPC分类号： C10C3/08 , B01D11/0203 , Y10S208/952
摘要： A process for the continuous extraction of mixtures of organic substances including high boiling point constituents and/or constituents which do not boil but which melt with at least one solvent in the supercritical state, selected from the group consisting of CO.sub.2, propane, butane, pentane, petroleum ether, water, and having a critical temperature, T.sub.k, and a critical pressure, P.sub.k, the process including providing an extraction vessel which comprises an extraction column, the extraction column extending vertically, having a head portion at the upper end thereof and a sump portion at the lower end thereof, and having a temperature gradient which decreases with increasing height from the sump portion to the head portion, wherein the sump portion has a temperature effective to maintain extraction residue in a viscous state which permits continuous removal thereof from the sump portion, and wherein the head portion has a temperature effective to provide an optimum solution of the constituents to be extracted in the at least one solvent in the critical state; and extracting the mixture of organic substances with the at least one solvent in the supercritical state at a pressure, P, ranging from P>P.sub.k up to P T.sub.k to provide a charged fluid phase comprised of extracted substances.
摘要翻译： 一种连续萃取有机物质混合物的方法，包括高沸点组分和/或不沸腾但与超临界状态的至少一种溶剂熔融的成分的混合物，该溶剂选自二氧化碳，丙烷，丁烷，戊烷 石油醚，水，具有临界温度Tk和临界压力Pk，该方法包括提供包括萃取塔的萃取容器，萃取塔垂直延伸，在其上端具有头部， 并且具有随着从贮槽部分到头部部分的高度的增加而降低的温度梯度，其中贮槽部分具有有效地将提取残余物保持在粘性状态的温度，其允许连续地将其从 所述贮槽部分，并且其中所述头部具有有效提供所述成分的最佳溶液的温度 以在临界状态下在至少一种溶剂中萃取; 并且在超临界状态下，在P> Pk至P <400巴的压力P和至少T> Tk的温度T下，将所述有机物质与所述至少一种溶剂的混合物萃取，以提供 带电流体相由提取物质组成。
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公开(公告)号：US5089280A
公开(公告)日：1992-02-18
申请号：US63372
申请日：1987-06-18
摘要： A simple, reliable process for decaffeinating green coffee beans to a high degree while avoiding denaturation of the green coffee beans includes wetting the green coffee beans to a high water content of 35-50%-wt.; compressing the beans in a pressure chamber for a period of a few minutes to several hours in an atmosphere comprised of a supercritical fluid which is a gas at STP, at a temperature ranging from 20.degree. to 80.degree. C. under a critical pressure ranging from 75 to 300 bar; decompressing the wetted beans from critical pressure p.sub.c to a pressure p for which p.sub.c .ltoreq.p.ltoreq.1 bar abruptly or in the space of a few minutes, while avoiding freezing the green coffee beans; washing with water or with the supercritical fluid for selective extraction of the caffeine; repeating the process one or more times; centrifuging; drying; and roasting the beans. Further, caffeine is recovered in a known manner from the washing medium.
摘要翻译： 一个简单，可靠的方法，以高度脱咖啡因的绿咖啡豆，同时避免绿色咖啡豆的变性包括将绿色咖啡豆润湿至35-50％重量级的高含水量; 在压力室内压缩豆类在几分钟至数小时的时间内，在由STP中的气体制成的超临界流体气氛中，温度为20℃至80℃，临界压力范围为 75到300巴; 将湿豆从临界压力pc减压到突然间或几分钟的空间中的p p的压力p，同时避免冷冻生咖啡豆; 用水或与超临界流体一起洗涤以选择性地提取咖啡因; 重复一次或多次; 离心; 烘干; 并烘烤豆类。 此外，咖啡因以已知的方式从洗涤介质中回收。
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公开(公告)号：US5338575A
公开(公告)日：1994-08-16
申请号：US57014
申请日：1993-05-05
申请人： Hedi Ben-Nasr , Hubert Coenen
发明人： Hedi Ben-Nasr , Hubert Coenen
IPC分类号： A23F5/20 , A23F5/22 , B01D11/02 , C07D473/12
CPC分类号： B01D11/0203 , A23F5/208 , A23F5/226 , C07D473/12
摘要： A process for decaffeinating raw coffee by selective extraction of the caffeine by means of a solvent that is liquid under normal conditions. Raw coffee beans are extracted for between one and several hours by means of a liquid solvent that is comprised of water and that has been saturated with carbon dioxide or other suitable gas or gas mixture at a temperature of between about 20.degree. C. and 110.degree. C. and a pressure of between about 30 bar and 300 bar to provide a charged liquid solvent. The pressure is reduced abruptly or within a few minutes to a pressure between about 1 bar and 10 bar to expand the raw coffee beans. The expanded raw coffee beans are rinsed in the liquid solvent for a period of between a few minutes and two hours. The expanded raw coffee beans are dried to reduce the water content to that required for subsequent roasting, and the decaffeinated and pre-dried raw coffee beans are then roasted, after which the caffeine is selectively separated from the charged liquid solvent and the caffeine is recovered in pure crystalline form.
摘要翻译： 一种通过在正常条件下通过液体溶剂选择性提取咖啡因来去除咖啡因的方法。 生咖啡豆通过由水组成的液体溶剂提取1到几个小时，并且在约20℃至110℃的温度下已经用二氧化碳或其它合适的气体或气体混合物饱和 并且压力在约30巴和300巴之间以提供带电的液体溶剂。 压力突然降低或在几分钟内降至约1巴和10巴之间的压力以膨胀生咖啡豆。 将膨化的生咖啡豆在液体溶剂中冲洗数分钟至两小时。 将膨化的生咖啡豆干燥以将水含量降低到随后焙烧所需的水分，然后焙烧脱咖啡因和预干燥的生咖啡豆，之后将咖啡因与带电的液体溶剂选择性分离，并回收咖啡因 纯晶体。
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公开(公告)号：US5114728A
公开(公告)日：1992-05-19
申请号：US757571
申请日：1991-09-11
摘要： A simple, reliable process for decaffeinating green coffee beans to a high degree while avoiding denaturation of the green coffee beans includes wetting the green coffee beans to a high water content of 35-50%-wt.; compressing the beans in a pressure chamber for a period of a few minutes to several hours in an atmosphere comprised of a supercritical fluid which is a gas at STP, at a temperature ranging from 20.degree. to 80.degree. C. under a critical pressure ranging from 75 to 300 bar; decompressing the wetted beans from critical pressure p.sub.c to a pressure p for which p.sub.c p.gtoreq.p.gtoreq.1 bar abruptly or in the space of a few minutes, while avoiding freezing the green coffee beans; washing with water or with the supercritical fluid for selective extraction of the caffeine; repeating the process one or more times; centrifuging; drying; and roasting the beans. Further, caffeine is recovered in a known manner from the washing medium.
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