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    Local type alias inference system and method
    1.
    发明申请
    Local type alias inference system and method 审中-公开
    本地类型别名推理系统和方法

    公开(公告)号：US20060048095A1

    公开(公告)日：2006-03-02

    申请号：US10930145

    申请日：2004-08-31

    申请人： Henricus Meijer ,  Eric Gunnerson ,  Peter Hallam ,  Anders Hejlsberg ,  Gary Katzenberger ,  Matthew Warren

    发明人： Henricus Meijer ,  Eric Gunnerson ,  Peter Hallam ,  Anders Hejlsberg ,  Gary Katzenberger ,  Matthew Warren

    IPC分类号： G06F9/44

    CPC分类号： G06F8/434

    摘要： The present invention discloses an improved system and method for specifying and compiling computer programs. Type aliases are introduced whose binding is inferred by a type inference component during compilation. Once declared, type aliases can be utilized just like regular types thereby providing added efficiency in coding, among other things. Additionally, a mechanism for specifying the introduction of a new variable whose type is to be inferred is disclosed. This mechanism clears up an ambiguity during type inference concerning whether to infer a new variable type or utilize a variable in scope. Further yet, an efficient type inference system and method is disclosed to effectively deal with overloading among other things.

    摘要翻译： 本发明公开了一种用于指定和编译计算机程序的改进的系统和方法。 引入类型别名，其编译期间由类型推断组件推断其绑定。 一旦声明，类别别可以像常规类型一样使用，从而提高编码的效率等等。 另外，公开了一种用于指定引入类型被推断的新变量的机制。 这种机制在关于是推断新的变量类型还是在范围中使用变量的类型推理中清除了歧义。 此外，公开了一种有效的类型推理系统和方法，以有效地处理超负荷等。

    General programming language support for nullable types
    2.
    发明申请
    General programming language support for nullable types 有权
    通用编程语言支持可空类型

    公开(公告)号：US20060053131A1

    公开(公告)日：2006-03-09

    申请号：US10935247

    申请日：2004-09-07

    申请人： Henricus Meijer ,  Anders Hejlsberg ,  Eric Gunnerson ,  Gary Katzenberger ,  Peter Hallam ,  Matthew Warren

    发明人： Henricus Meijer ,  Anders Hejlsberg ,  Eric Gunnerson ,  Gary Katzenberger ,  Peter Hallam ,  Matthew Warren

    IPC分类号： G06F7/00

    CPC分类号： G06F8/31 ,  Y10S707/99934 ,  Y10S707/99935 ,  Y10S707/99942 ,  Y10S707/99945

    摘要： The subject invention relates to systems and methods that provide null capabilities within the context of programming languages. In one aspect, a system is provided that facilitates null-support in various programming languages. The system includes one or more types associated with at least one programming language. A type modifier is provided to signal that the type is nullable. The type modifier enables a multi-element structure to be automatically created in association with the type wherein, the multi-element structure includes the type and a Boolean element indicating whether or not the variable is null.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及在编程语言的上下文中提供零能力的系统和方法。 在一个方面，提供了一种促进各种编程语言的空支持的系统。 该系统包括与至少一种编程语言相关联的一种或多种类型。 提供一个类型修饰符来表示该类型为空。 类型修饰符使得能够与其中多元素结构包括类型的类型相关联地自动创建多元素结构，并且指示该变量是否为空的布尔元素。

    Extending expression-based syntax for creating object instances
    4.
    发明申请
    Extending expression-based syntax for creating object instances 有权
    扩展用于创建对象实例的基于表达式的语法

    公开(公告)号：US20070028212A1

    公开(公告)日：2007-02-01

    申请号：US11193584

    申请日：2005-07-29

    申请人： Henricus Meijer ,  Anders Hejlsberg ,  Matthew Warren ,  Luca Bolognese ,  Peter Hallam ,  Gary Katzenberger ,  Dinesh Kulkarni

    发明人： Henricus Meijer ,  Anders Hejlsberg ,  Matthew Warren ,  Luca Bolognese ,  Peter Hallam ,  Gary Katzenberger ,  Dinesh Kulkarni

    IPC分类号： G06F9/44

    CPC分类号： G06F9/4488

    摘要： Syntax for creating object instances utilizing expressions instead of statements. A syntax component facilitates extension of conventional object-creation-expression syntax. An initializer component provides for initialization of a newly-created entity via object and collection initializers. The initializer component provides initialization of the newly-created entity utilizing an object initializer where the object initializer specifies values for one or more fields or properties of the newly-created entity which is an object, and consists of a sequence of member initializers enclosed by tokens and separated by commas. The initializer component can also provides initialization of the newly-created entity utilizing a collection initializer when the underlying object implements a certain interface or implements a certain pattern. An overloading constructor can be called as part of the initialization process. In another aspect, code inferencing is disclosed whereby given a type, the corresponding code can be inferred by the compiler and inserted for compiling by a compiler.

    摘要翻译： 使用表达式而不是语句创建对象实例的语法。 语法组件有助于扩展常规的对象创建表达式语法。 初始化器组件通过对象和集合初始化器提供新创建的实体的初始化。 初始化器组件使用对象初始化器来提供新创建的实体的初始化，其中对象初始化器指定作为对象的新创建的实体的一个或多个字段或属性的值，并且包括由令牌包围的成员初始化器序列 并用逗号分隔。 初始化器组件还可以在底层对象实现特定接口或实现某种模式时，利用集合初始化器来提供新创建的实体的初始化。 可以调用重载构造函数作为初始化过程的一部分。 在另一方面，公开了代码推论，由此给定类型，相应的代码可以由编译器推断并插入以供编译器编译。

    Anonymous types for statically typed queries
    5.
    发明申请
    Anonymous types for statically typed queries 有权
    用于静态类型查询的匿名类型

    公开(公告)号：US20070027862A1

    公开(公告)日：2007-02-01

    申请号：US11193601

    申请日：2005-07-29

    申请人： Henricus Meijer ,  Anders Hejlsberg ,  Matthew Warren ,  Luca Bolognese ,  Peter Hallam ,  Gary Katzenberger ,  Dinesh Kulkarni

    发明人： Henricus Meijer ,  Anders Hejlsberg ,  Matthew Warren ,  Luca Bolognese ,  Peter Hallam ,  Gary Katzenberger ,  Dinesh Kulkarni

    IPC分类号： G06F17/30

    CPC分类号： G06F17/30421 ,  G06F17/3041

    摘要： Anonymous types for a programming language. Non-denotable anonymous types are types that a compiler generates on behalf of a programmer and can then be used as nominal types. Insofar as anonymous types do not have a name, they can be used only inside a method in which they are created. Additionally, an anonymous type cannot be exposed in any way outside of the method. Syntax to create an anonymous type is useful when employed with a Select operator to generate a result with a particular shape, without the need of having a regular type for it. Anonymous types are expressible such that an expression of that type can be written. Translation of an anonymous type by a compiler generates a nominal class that implements Equals and GetHashCode methods. There is equivalence of anonymous types within the same method, and conversion of an unrealized structural type into structurally compatible nominal type.

    摘要翻译： 编程语言的匿名类型。 不可表示的匿名类型是编译器代表程序员生成的类型，然后可以用作标称类型。 只要匿名类型没有名称，它们只能在创建它们的方法中使用。 此外，匿名类型不能以任何方式暴露在该方法之外。 创建匿名类型的语法在与“选择”运算符一起使用以生成具有特定形状的结果时非常有用，而无需为其定义类型。 匿名类型是可表达的，使得可以写入该类型的表达式。 编译器生成一个匿名类型，生成一个实现Equals和GetHashCode方法的标称类。 在同一方法中存在匿名类型的等价物，并将未实现的结构类型转换为结构兼容的名义类型。

    Integrating query-related operators in a programming language
    6.
    发明申请
    Integrating query-related operators in a programming language 审中-公开
    将查询相关的运算符集成在一种编程语言中

    公开(公告)号：US20070027849A1

    公开(公告)日：2007-02-01

    申请号：US11193787

    申请日：2005-07-29

    申请人： Henricus Meijer ,  Anders Hejlsberg ,  Matthew Warren ,  Luca Bolognese ,  Peter Hallam ,  Gary Katzenberger ,  Dinesh Kulkarni

    发明人： Henricus Meijer ,  Anders Hejlsberg ,  Matthew Warren ,  Luca Bolognese ,  Peter Hallam ,  Gary Katzenberger ,  Dinesh Kulkarni

    IPC分类号： G06F17/30

    CPC分类号： G06F16/2438 ,  G06F16/289

    摘要： A general-purpose programming language having language extensions for strongly typed, compile-time checked query and set operations that can be applied to arbitrary data structures, be they object-relational (O-R) mappings or just regular objects. As is appropriate for a general purpose programming language, the extensions do not mandate a particular object-relational layer; rather, they are introduced as abstractions that can be implemented in multiple environments. Accordingly, there is provided a system that facilitates data querying in accordance with an innovative aspect. The system include a program component that provides embedded query and set operations in a programming language, and an application component that facilitates application of the query and set operations over a data structure of data. The data can be any kind of data such as that found in a database, a document (e.g., XML), and data sources in a programming language (e.g., C#), for example.

    摘要翻译： 具有用于强类型，编译时检查查询和可应用于任意数据结构的集合操作的语言扩展的通用编程语言，无论是对象关系（O-R）映射还是只是常规对象。 适用于通用编程语言，扩展不要求特定的对象关系层; 相反，它们被引入可以在多个环境中实现的抽象。 因此，提供了一种根据创新方面促进数据查询的系统。 该系统包括以编程语言提供嵌入式查询和集合操作的程序组件，以及促进查询应用并且对数据的数据结构设置操作的应用程序组件。 数据可以是例如在数据库，文档（例如，XML）中找到的任何类型的数据，以及编程语言（例如，C＃）中的数据源。

    Architecture that extends types using extension methods
    8.
    发明申请
    Architecture that extends types using extension methods 有权
    使用扩展方法扩展类型的体系结构

    公开(公告)号：US20070028209A1

    公开(公告)日：2007-02-01

    申请号：US11192919

    申请日：2005-07-29

    申请人： Henricus Meijer ,  Anders Hejlsberg ,  Matthew Warren ,  Luca Bolognese ,  Peter Hallam ,  Gary Katzenberger ,  Dinesh Kulkarni

    发明人： Henricus Meijer ,  Anders Hejlsberg ,  Matthew Warren ,  Luca Bolognese ,  Peter Hallam ,  Gary Katzenberger ,  Dinesh Kulkarni

    IPC分类号： G06F9/44 ,  G06F9/45

    CPC分类号： G06F8/315

    摘要： Architecture that extends existing types including constructed and sealed types using extension methods. Extension methods are static methods that can be invoked using instance method syntax. Extension methods are declared by specifying the keyword “this” as a modifier on the first parameter of the methods. Extension methods have all the capabilities of regular static methods. In addition, once imported, extension methods can be invoked using instance method syntax. Also disclosed are rules for importing extension methods, and extension method invocations. Extension methods are imported through using-namespace-directives. In addition to importing the types contained in a namespace, a using-namespace-directive imports all extension methods in all static classes in the namespace. In effect, imported extension methods appear as additional methods on the types that are given by their first parameter and have lower precedence than regular instance methods.

    摘要翻译： 使用扩展方法扩展现有类型（包括构造和密封类型）的体系结构。 扩展方法是可以使用实例方法语法调用的静态方法。 扩展方法通过在方法的第一个参数上指定关键字“this”作为修饰符来声明。 扩展方法具有常规静态方法的所有功能。 另外，一旦导入，可以使用实例方法语法来调用扩展方法。 还公开了导入扩展方法和扩展方法调用的规则。 扩展方法通过using-namespace-directives导入。 除了导入命名空间中包含的类型之外，using-namespace-directive会在命名空间中的所有静态类中导入所有扩展方法。 实际上，导入的扩展方法在其第一个参数给出的类型上显示为附加方法，并且具有比常规实例方法更低的优先级。

    Compiler supporting programs as data objects
    9.
    发明申请
    Compiler supporting programs as data objects 有权
    编译器支持程序作为数据对象

    公开(公告)号：US20070028223A1

    公开(公告)日：2007-02-01

    申请号：US11193721

    申请日：2005-07-29

    申请人： Henricus Johannes Meijer ,  Anders Hejlsberg ,  Matthew Warren ,  Dinesh Kulkarni ,  Luca Bolognese ,  Peter Hallam ,  Gary Katzenberger ,  Donald Box

    发明人： Henricus Johannes Meijer ,  Anders Hejlsberg ,  Matthew Warren ,  Dinesh Kulkarni ,  Luca Bolognese ,  Peter Hallam ,  Gary Katzenberger ,  Donald Box

    IPC分类号： G06F9/45

    CPC分类号： G06F8/47 ,  G06F8/427 ,  G06F8/436

    摘要： A compiler supporting a language in which selected semantic objects are represented as data objects. The data objects may be used in multiple ways to expand the capabilities of the programming language. Data objects may be passed to applications and used to create executable instructions for that application. In this way, instructions written in the native language of the compiler may be used to control applications that accept programs in a language inconsistent with the native language of the compiler. The syntax checking and variable binding capabilities of the compiler may be used for those instructions that will be executed by an application separate from the object code generated by the compiler. The semantic objects represented as data objects may be selected based on express operations included in the source code or may be based on implicit type conversion.

    摘要翻译： 支持语言的编译器，其中选择的语义对象被表示为数据对象。 数据对象可以以多种方式用于扩展编程语言的能力。 数据对象可以传递给应用程序，并用于为该应用程序创建可执行指令。 以这种方式，用编译器的母语编写的指令可以用于控制接受与编译器的本机语言不一致的语言的程序的应用程序。 编译器的语法检查和变量绑定功能可以用于将由与编译器生成的目标代码分离的应用程序执行的那些指令。 可以基于包含在源代码中的快速操作来选择表示为数据对象的语义对象，或者可以基于隐式类型转换。

    Dynamically typed unsafe variance
    10.
    发明申请
    Dynamically typed unsafe variance 有权
    动态类型不安全差异

    公开(公告)号：US20070028210A1

    公开(公告)日：2007-02-01

    申请号：US11193692

    申请日：2005-07-29

    申请人： Erik Meijer ,  Anders Hejlsberg ,  Matthew Warren ,  Luca Bolognese ,  Peter Hallam ,  Gary Katzenberger

    发明人： Erik Meijer ,  Anders Hejlsberg ,  Matthew Warren ,  Luca Bolognese ,  Peter Hallam ,  Gary Katzenberger

    IPC分类号： G06F9/44 ,  G06F9/45

    CPC分类号： G06F9/44589 ,  G06F9/45516

    摘要： A program execution engine that facilitates generic type variance verification is provided. The execution engine receives a program executable in the form of intermediate language (IL). The program executable can be based on code that includes expression(s) with generic type(s) which have been identified as requiring variance verification (e.g., covariance and/or contra-variance). The execution engine includes a variance verification component that dynamically determines whether value(s) associated with the generic type(s) identified as requiring variance verification comply with the particular variance verification requirement. The variance verification component can provide error information (e.g., throw an exception), if the specified variance is not safely compliant Variance verification can be based on static checking which places the burden on a source language compiler to emit the run-time checks in intermediate language (IL), if run-time checked variance is required. Additionally, language(s) that do not support variance can treat generic type(s) as non-variant.

    摘要翻译： 提供了促进通用类型方差验证的程序执行引擎。 执行引擎以中间语言（IL）的形式接收可执行的程序。 程序可执行程序可以基于包括已经被识别为需要方差验证（例如协方差和/或反差）的通用类型的表达式的代码。 执行引擎包括方差验证组件，其动态地确定与被识别为需要方差验证的通用类型相关联的值是否符合特定方差验证要求。 方差验证组件可以提供错误信息（例如抛出异常），如果指定的方差不能安全地符合方差验证可以基于静态检查，这会使源语言编译器的负担在中间体中发出运行时检查 语言（IL），如果运行时检查方差是必需的。 另外，不支持差异的语言可以将通用类型视为非变体。