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1.发明授权Method and apparatus for the separation of sulfur & nitrogen oxides from a waste gas 失效用于从废气中分离硫和氮氧化物的方法和装置
公开(公告)号：US4149858A
公开(公告)日：1979-04-17
申请号：US803595
申请日：1977-06-06
申请人： Rolf Noack , Horst Lichtenberger , Stefan Gramelt , Harald Juntgen , Karl Knoblauch , Horst Grochowski , Jurgen Schwarte
发明人： Rolf Noack , Horst Lichtenberger , Stefan Gramelt , Harald Juntgen , Karl Knoblauch , Horst Grochowski , Jurgen Schwarte
CPC分类号： B01D53/08 , B01D2253/102 , B01D2257/302 , B01D2257/404 , B01D2258/0283 , B01D53/12
摘要： A method and apparatus for separating undesirable components from a waste gas by adsorption of the components onto a granular adsorbent. The gas is caused to flow serially through two distinct side-by-side layers of adsorbent both moving parallel to one another in a direction perpendicular to the direction of gas flow. The adsorbent material is so controlled that the particles of the second layer to be contacted by the gas are less loaded with impurities than the particles of the first layer. In one embodiment, this result is achieved by moving the second layer faster than the first layer.
摘要翻译： 一种通过将组分吸附到颗粒状吸附剂上而从废气中分离不需要的组分的方法和装置。 导致气体串联地流过沿着与气体流动方向垂直的方向彼此平行移动的两个不同并排的吸附剂层。 吸附剂材料受到如此控制，使得与气体接触的第二层的颗粒的负载量比第一层的颗粒少。 在一个实施例中，通过使第二层比第一层更快地实现该结果。
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公开(公告)号：US4179399A
公开(公告)日：1979-12-18
申请号：US775982
申请日：1977-03-09
CPC分类号： C01B31/086 , Y10S502/517
摘要： A charged adsorbent is accommodated in a desorbing vessel and in an intermediate container which communicates with the desorbing vessel. The charged adsorbent is desorbed in the desorbing vessel by contacting the same with a heat carrier, such as with hot sand, and a desorption gas which develops during the desorption of the charged adsorbent in the desorbing vessel is passed through the charged adsorbent accommodated in the intermediate container to capture at least one component of the desorption gas in the charged adsorbent present in the intermediate container. The purified desorption gas is withdrawn from the intermediate container, and the regenerated adsorbent is gradually discharged from the desorbing vessel and the supply of the adsorbent in the desorbing vessel is replenished by charged adsorbent from the intermediate container. The desorption gas is cooled during the passage thereof through the charged adsorbent present in the intermediate container. The magnitude of the temperature reduction of the desorption gas may be controlled by controlling the rate at which the desorption gas is discharged from the intermediate container, such as by resorting to the use of an adjustable vane. The adsorbent in the intermediate container may be confined by gas-permeable walls through which the desorption gas enters and leaves the adsorbent present in the intermediate container.
摘要翻译： 带电的吸附剂容纳在解吸容器中和与解吸容器连通的中间容器中。 带电的吸附剂通过使其与热载体（例如用热砂）接触而在解吸容器中解吸，并且在解吸容器中的带电吸附剂的解吸附期间产生的解吸气体通过容纳在 中间容器以捕获存在于中间容器中的带电吸附剂中的解吸气体的至少一个组分。 从中间容器中取出纯化的解吸气体，从解吸容器中逐渐排出再生吸附剂，通过中间容器的带电吸附剂补充解吸容器中的吸附剂的供给。 解吸气体在其通过中间容器中存在的带电吸附剂的过程中被冷却。 解吸气体的温度降低的大小可以通过控制解吸气体从中间容器排出的速度来控制，例如通过使用可调叶片。 中间容器中的吸附剂可以被气体可渗透的壁限制，解吸气体通过其进入并离开存在于中间容器中的吸附剂。
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公开(公告)号：US4023939A
公开(公告)日：1977-05-17
申请号：US663262
申请日：1976-03-03
CPC分类号： B01D53/08 , B01D2253/102 , B01D2257/302 , B01D2258/0283
摘要： A gaseous substance such as a flue gas or a combustion gas contains an adsorbable impurity which is capable of undergoing an exothermic reaction in the presence of oxygen. The gaseous substance is passed into an adsorber via an inlet conduit. In the adsorber, the impurity in the gaseous substance is adsorbed therefrom. The purified gaseous substance is withdrawn from the adsorber therefrom. The purified gaseous substance is withdrawn from the adsorber via an outlet conduit and conveyed to an exhaust stack. The adsorption of the impurity, as well as the reaction thereof with oxygen in the adsorber, liberate heat. The liberated heat is conveyed from the adsorber by the gaseous substance which is being purified and, accordingly, no undue temperature increase, which may harm or even cause combustion of the adsorbent, occurs in the adsorber. The operation of purifying the gaseous substance is carried out at an underpressure so that, when passage of the gaseous substance through the adsorber is interrupted for some reason, currents of air tend to be drawn through the adsorber due to the suction effects generated in the inlet and outlet conduits. The currents of air constitute sources of fresh oxygen and, as a result, reaction of the adsorbed impurity can continue. The liberated heat is no longer removed, however, so that a drastic temperature increase will then occur in the adsorber. To avoid this, a pair of spaced butterfly valves is provided in both the inlet and outlet conduits. The butterfly valves close, although not with absolute gastightness, when the passage of the gaseous substance through the adsorber is interrupted. This reduces the suction effects. Air or an inert gas is admitted into the regions between the respective pairs of butterfly valves until a pressure on the order of atmospheric pressure has been reached in these regions. The air or inert gas serves as a sort of buffer which prevents the suction effects generated by the source of the gaseous substance and the exhaust stack from acting on the adsorber. Although the air or inert gas may leak into the adsorber until atmospheric pressure has been reached in the latter, any oxygen introduced in this manner is quickly used up so that only minimal temperature increases occur in the adsorber.
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公开(公告)号：US4695444A
公开(公告)日：1987-09-22
申请号：US432398
申请日：1982-09-30
CPC分类号： C01B17/0482
摘要： Sulphur is manufactured out of sulphur dioxide containing gases by dividing the feed gas in two flows of gas having a volume ratio of 2 to 1 and reducing the greater flow of gas on a carbon containing substance like anthracite, thereby obtaining hydrogen sulfide which is mixed with the smaller flow of gas, the mixture being converted in a Claus process to sulphur.
摘要翻译： 通过将体积比为2:1的两股气体中的进料气体除以减少含碳物质如无烟煤的气体流量，由含二氧化硫气体制造硫，从而得到与硫化氢混合的硫化氢 较小的气体流，该混合物在克劳斯过程中转化成硫。
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公开(公告)号：US4201695A
公开(公告)日：1980-05-06
申请号：US854528
申请日：1977-11-25
CPC分类号： C01B31/088 , B01J20/3416 , B01J20/3483 , B01J8/12 , B01J2220/56
摘要： A reaction vessel for regenerating particulate adsorbents has a bottom outlet and top inlets for admission of the adsorbent to be regenerated by being heated to a regeneration temperature, and for a particulate regenerating material at a temperature above the regeneration temperature. The mixture of the adsorbent with the regenerating material forms a bed in the reaction vessel and is continuously withdrawn through the outlet so that the bed descends toward the latter and is replenished from above under the formation of a cone at the upper region of the bed. A plurality of tubular baffles coaxially surrounds the inlets which are also coaxial with one another, each of the tubular baffles penetrating into the bed in the region of the cone and retards the flow of the particles of the mixture down the slope of the cone in that the particles must pass underneath the baffle to flow to the next baffle. The bed may be confined between a plurality of axially overlapping spaced tubular guide baffles located in the interior of the reaction vessel with a spacing therefrom. At least one partition may be provided between one of the guide baffles and the vessel, subdividing the chamber between the vessel and the guide baffles into two compartments from which gases which develop during the regeneration of the adsorbent are separately exhausted.
摘要翻译： 用于再生颗粒吸附剂的反应容器具有底部出口和顶部入口，用于通过加热到再生温度进入待再生的吸附剂，并且在高于再生温度的温度下具有颗粒再生材料。 吸附剂与再生材料的混合物在反应容器中形成床，并通过出口连续排出，使得床向下降并且在床的上部区域处形成锥体，从上方补充。 多个管状挡板同时围绕彼此同轴的入口，每个管状挡板在锥体的区域内渗透入床中，并使混合物颗粒的流动沿锥体的斜面延伸，因此在那 颗粒必须通过挡板下方流到下一个挡板。 床可以限制在位于反应容器内部的多个轴向重叠的间隔开的管状引导挡板之间，其间隔开。 可以在导流挡板和容器之一之间设置至少一个隔板，将容器和引导挡板之间的室细分成两个隔室，在该隔室中吸附剂再生过程中产生的气体分开排出。
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6.发明授权Method for the removal of sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides from exhaust gases 失效从废气中去除硫氧化物和氮氧化物的方法
公开(公告)号：US4400363A
公开(公告)日：1983-08-23
申请号：US253652
申请日：1981-04-13
申请人： Horst Grochowski , Karl Knoblauch
发明人： Horst Grochowski , Karl Knoblauch
IPC分类号： B01D53/08 , B01D53/60 , B01D53/74 , B01D53/86 , B01D53/94 , B01J8/00 , C01B21/00 , C01B17/00
CPC分类号： B01D53/8637 , B01D53/60 , Y02C20/10
摘要： Sulfur oxides and nitrogen oxides are removed from exhaust gases containing additionally oxygen and steam, by the addition of gaseous ammonia at temperatures between about 110.degree. and 180.degree. C. The exhaust gases travel in the interior of a reactor across a travelling bed which goes from above to below, composed of granulated, carbon-containing adsorbent with or without catalysts. In the first travelling bed initially a large portion of the sulfur oxides is adsorptively removed. In the second travelling bed after dosed addition of gaseous ammonia the nitrogen oxides are catalytically reduced to nitrogen as well as further sulfur oxides being separated. The improvement involves extending the path of the exhaust gases between the first and the second travelling beds and introducing into the volume of the exhaust gas stream between the travelling beds a forced mixture of dosed added ammonia with the exhaust gas departing from the first travelling bed.
摘要翻译： 通过在约110℃和180℃之间的温度下加入气态氨，将硫氧化物和氮氧化物从另外含氧和蒸汽的废气中除去。废气在反应器内部行进通过一个从 由含有或不含催化剂的颗粒状含碳吸附剂组成。 在第一个行进床中，最初大部分硫氧化物被吸附除去。 在加入气态氨后的第二个移动床中，氮氧化物被催化还原为氮气，并进一步分离出硫氧化物。 改进之处在于延长排气在第一和第二行进床之间的路径，并将进料床之间的排气流与从第一行进床排出的废气的强制混合物引入到排气流的体积中。
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公开(公告)号：US4452772A
公开(公告)日：1984-06-05
申请号：US408656
申请日：1982-08-16
CPC分类号： C01B17/0404
摘要： SO.sub.2 -containing gas is made to contact a carbon-containing material to reduce the gas to a gas mixture containing sulfur and also containing H.sub.2 S and SO.sub.2 in a volume ratio of 2:1. The sulfur is then removed by condensation and the remaining gas mixture subjected to a Claus-process treatment to obtain additional sulfur from it.
摘要翻译： 使含SO 2的气体与含碳材料接触以将气体还原成含有硫的气体混合物，并且还含有体积比为2:1的H 2 S和SO 2。 然后通过冷凝除去硫，剩余的气体混合物进行克劳斯处理处理从其中获得额外的硫。
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公开(公告)号：US4548799A
公开(公告)日：1985-10-22
申请号：US587241
申请日：1984-03-07
申请人： Karl Knoblauch , Heinz Heimbach , Burkhard Harder
发明人： Karl Knoblauch , Heinz Heimbach , Burkhard Harder
CPC分类号： B01D53/0473 , C01B21/045 , B01D2253/116 , B01D2253/25 , B01D2256/10 , B01D2257/104 , B01D2259/40037 , B01D2259/40062 , B01D2259/402
摘要： A gas mixture containing significant proportions of nitrogen and oxygen, such as atmospheric air, is alternately passed through two adsorbers containing a carbonaceous molecular sieve such as comminuted coke. With one-minute half-cycles, each half-cycle encompasses a production phase of 55 seconds during which the gas mixture is driven under high pressure through one adsorber with recovery of high-purity nitrogen therefrom while the other adsorber is being exhausted or vented in a regeneration phase. During a small fraction of the remaining 5 seconds of this half-cycle, preferably lasting between 0.3 and 0.7 second, the two adsorbers are interconnected for a partial equalization of their pressures. In the final period of slightly more than 4 seconds, the regeneration phase of the first adsorber begins while the second adsorber is pressurized with fresh gas mixture, its outlet being closed at that time. The next half-cycle starts with that outlet being opened to enable the discharge of further high-purity nitrogen.
摘要翻译： 含有显着比例的氮和氧（例如大气）的气体混合物交替地通过含有碳质分子筛（如粉碎焦炭）的两个吸附器。 每半个周期，每个半循环包括55秒的生产阶段，在此期间，气体混合物在高压下通过一个吸附器驱动，并从其中回收高纯氮，而另一个吸附器被排出或排出 再生阶段。 在该半周期的剩余5秒的一小部分中，优选持续在0.3和0.7秒之间，两个吸附器相互连接以使其压力部分平衡。 在最终时间稍长于4秒的时间内，第一吸附器的再生阶段开始，而第二吸附器用新鲜的气体混合物加压，其出口在那时被关闭。 下一个半循环开始，该出口被打开以使得能够排出另外的高纯氮。
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公开(公告)号：US5498589A
公开(公告)日：1996-03-12
申请号：US211207
申请日：1994-03-21
申请人： Hans-Jurgen Schroter , Heinrich Heimbach , Klaus-Dirk Henning , Karl Knoblauch , Alfons S.-S. Berndt , Ferdinand Tarnow
发明人： Hans-Jurgen Schroter , Heinrich Heimbach , Klaus-Dirk Henning , Karl Knoblauch , Alfons S.-S. Berndt , Ferdinand Tarnow
IPC分类号： B01J20/20
CPC分类号： B01J20/20 , Y10S95/902
摘要： A process is disclosed for preparing a carbon molecular sieve used for the separation of oxygen from nitrogen, which comprises the steps of:(a) milling hard coal to a grain size of 95%
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / EP92 / 02275第 371日期1994年3月21日 102（e）1994年3月21日PCT提交1992年10月1日PCT公布。 公开号WO93 / 06920 公开了一种用于制备用于从氮气中分离氧的碳分子筛的方法，其包括以下步骤：（a）将硬煤研磨至95％<20μm的粒度; （b）在流化床中用空气氧化细磨的硬煤; （c）加入水和煤焦油沥青作为粘合剂，并将精细研磨的硬质煤成型; （d）在500〜850℃的温度下在回转窑中成形为细磨的硬质煤，在55〜65分钟的时间内进行碳化，得到堆积密度为 530至560g / l; （e）用蒸汽在900℃下活化碳化产物165至195分钟，得到堆积密度为590至650g / l的烧结碳质产品; 和（f）用碳分解碳氢化合物在750-850℃下处理烧结的碳质产物，得到所述碳分子筛。
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公开(公告)号：US5089048A
公开(公告)日：1992-02-18
申请号：US445716
申请日：1989-11-17
申请人： Karl Knoblauch , Erwin Pilarczyk , Klaus Giessler , Hans Bukowski , Joseph S. D'Amico , Herbert Reinhold
发明人： Karl Knoblauch , Erwin Pilarczyk , Klaus Giessler , Hans Bukowski , Joseph S. D'Amico , Herbert Reinhold
IPC分类号： B01D53/04 , B01D53/047 , C01B23/00
CPC分类号： B01D53/0476 , C01B23/00 , B01D2253/102 , B01D2253/116 , B01D2253/25 , B01D2253/308 , B01D2256/18 , B01D2257/102 , B01D2257/7025 , B01D2259/4003 , B01D2259/40041 , B01D2259/40071 , B01D2259/404 , Y02C20/20 , Y02P20/124 , Y02P20/156
摘要： A method is provided for extracting helium from a relatively helium poor gas mixture through a pressure swing adsorption process which adhieves an enriched product gas containing over 50% helium. The gas mixture to be enriched is fed cyclically to four adsorber vessels ranged in parallel which successively pass through a pressure build-up, an adsorptive and a pressure relief phase, with pressure build-up and relief being in part brought about by pressure compensation with any one of the other adsorbers. The pressure-build up and relief phases include a series of three and four, respectively, steps involving alternating pressure levels. As a preliminary treatment, the process may include an initial step wherein the unenriched gas mixture is first fed through a series of pre-filters filled with activated carbon for removing higher hydrocarbons.
摘要翻译： PCT No.PCT / EP88 / 00441 Sec。 371日期：一九八九年十一月十七日 102（e）日期1989年11月17日PCT提交1988年5月19日PCT公布。 出版物WO89 / 10810 日期为1989年11月16日。提供了一种通过变压吸附法从相对氦气气体混合物中提取氦气的方法，该方法对含有超过50％氦的富集产物气进行了补充。 要富集的气体混合物循环进料到四个平行流动的吸附剂容器，它们依次通过压力增加，吸附和减压阶段，压力积聚和释放部分是由压力补偿带来的 任何其他吸附剂。 压力增加和缓解阶段包括一系列涉及交替压力水平的三个和四个步骤。 作为初步处理，该方法可以包括初始步骤，其中未富集的气体混合物首先通过充满活性炭的一系列预过滤器进料，以除去高级烃。
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