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1.发明申请Determining rerouting information for single-node failure recovery in an internet protocol network 有权确定互联网协议网络中单节点故障恢复的重路由信息公开(公告)号：US20080232347A1
公开(公告)日：2008-09-25
申请号：US11786416
申请日：2007-04-10
申请人： Hung-Hsiang Jonathan Chao , Kang Xi
发明人： Hung-Hsiang Jonathan Chao , Kang Xi
IPC分类号： H04L12/28
摘要： For a survivable portion of a network, a backup port for a first router of the survivable network, to reach a destination node in the event of a single node failure, may be determined by (a) accepting a routing path graph having the destination node, wherein the routing path graph includes one or more links terminated by one or more primary ports of the first router; and (b) for each router of at least a part of the routing path graph, (1) assuming that the current router is removed, defining (A) a first part of the routing path graph including the destination node, and (B) a second part of the routing path graph separated from the first part wherein the second part defines one or more sub-graphs, and (2) determining the backup port for the first router by examining at least one of the one or more sub-graphs to find a link to the first part of the routing path graph.
摘要翻译： 对于网络的可行的部分，可以通过以下方式来确定可存活网络的第一路由器的备份端口，以在单个节点故障的情况下到达目的地节点：（a）接受具有目的地节点的路由路径图 ，其中所述路由路径图包括由所述第一路由器的一个或多个主端口终止的一个或多个链路; 和（b）对于至少一部分路由路径图的每个路由器，（1）假设当前路由器被去除，定义（A）包括目的地节点的路由路径图的第一部分，以及（B） 与第一部分分离的路由路径图的第二部分，其中第二部分定义一个或多个子图，以及（2）通过检查一个或多个子图中的至少一个来确定第一路由器的备份端口 以找到到路由路径图的第一部分的链接。
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2.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07801031B2
公开(公告)日：2010-09-21
申请号：US11934213
申请日：2007-11-02
申请人： Hung-Hsiang Jonathan Chao , Kang Xi
发明人： Hung-Hsiang Jonathan Chao , Kang Xi
IPC分类号： H04J1/16
摘要： A router in a survivable portion of a network may forward packets to a destination node even in the event of a double-link failure. For a given destination node, the router has previously been configured with a primary port, a primary backup port, and a secondary backup port. The router receives a packet addressed to the destination node within the survivable portion of the network, wherein the packet includes information indicating that the packet has encountered a failure. The router then selects one of (A) the primary port, (B) the primary backup port and (C) the secondary backup port on which to forward the received packet, such that a backup path with no dead loops is defined. The router may obtain a recovery distance of at least one of (A) the primary backup port based on a backup path to which it leads, and (B) the secondary backup port based on a backup path to which it leads, and may further obtain counter information in a packet indicative of a failure distance. In this case, the router may select a port whose recovery distance is greater than the failure distance. The router may identify a pattern of the failure. In this case, the router may make its selection using a forwarding policy associated with the identified pattern.
摘要翻译： 即使在双链路故障的情况下，网络的可幸存部分中的路由器也可以将分组转发到目的地节点。 对于给定的目标节点，路由器先前已配置了主端口，主备份端口和辅助备份端口。 路由器接收寻址到网络的可幸存部分内的目的地节点的分组，其中分组包括指示分组遇到故障的信息。 路由器然后选择（A）主端口，（B）主备份端口和（C）二次备份端口之一转发接收到的数据包，以便定义没有死循环的备份路径。 路由器可以基于其引导的备份路径获得（A）主备份端口中的至少一个的恢复距离，以及（B）基于其引导的备用路径的辅助备份端口，并且可以进一步 在指示故障距离的分组中获取计数器信息。 在这种情况下，路由器可以选择恢复距离大于故障距离的端口。 路由器可能会识别故障模式。 在这种情况下，路由器可以使用与所识别的模式相关联的转发策略进行选择。
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3.发明授权Determining rerouting information for double-link failure recovery in an internet protocol network 有权确定互联网协议网络中双链路故障恢复的重路由信息公开(公告)号：US07738365B2
公开(公告)日：2010-06-15
申请号：US11934208
申请日：2007-11-02
申请人： Hung-Hsiang Jonathan Chao , Kang Xi
发明人： Hung-Hsiang Jonathan Chao , Kang Xi
IPC分类号： G06F11/00
摘要： Backup ports for a first router of the survivable network are determined so that the first router can reach a destination node in the event of a double link failure. A routing path graph having the destination node is accepted. The routing path graph includes one or more links terminated by one or more primary ports of the first router. For each router of at least a part of the routing path graph, assuming that a link terminated by a primary port of the first router is removed, a first part of the routing path graph including the destination node and a second part of the routing path graph (sub-graph) separated from the first part are defined. Two exits for the sub-graph to reach the graph are determined. A primary backup port and a secondary backup port are determined for the first router using the determined two exits.
摘要翻译： 确定可存活网络的第一路由器的备份端口，使得在双链路故障的情况下第一路由器可以到达目的地节点。 具有目的地节点的路由路径图被接受。 路由路径图包括由第一路由器的一个或多个主端口终止的一个或多个链路。 对于路由路径图的至少一部分的每个路由器，假设由第一路由器的主端口终止的链路被去除，路由路径图的第一部分包括目的地节点和路由路径的第二部分 定义与第一部分分离的图（子图）。 确定子图的两个出口到达图形。 使用确定的两个出口为第一个路由器确定主备份端口和辅助备份端口。
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4.发明授权Determining rerouting information for single-node failure recovery in an internet protocol network 有权确定互联网协议网络中单节点故障恢复的重路由信息公开(公告)号：US07876672B2
公开(公告)日：2011-01-25
申请号：US11786416
申请日：2007-04-10
申请人： Hung-Hsiang Jonathan Chao , Kang Xi
发明人： Hung-Hsiang Jonathan Chao , Kang Xi
IPC分类号： G01R31/08
摘要： For a survivable portion of a network, a backup port for a first router of the survivable network, to reach a destination node in the event of a single node failure, may be determined by (a) accepting a routing path graph having the destination node, wherein the routing path graph includes one or more links terminated by one or more primary ports of the first router; and (b) for each router of at least a part of the routing path graph, (1) assuming that the current router is removed, defining (A) a first part of the routing path graph including the destination node, and (B) a second part of the routing path graph separated from the first part wherein the second part defines one or more sub-graphs, and (2) determining the backup port for the first router by examining at least one of the one or more sub-graphs to find a link to the first part of the routing path graph.
摘要翻译： 对于网络的可生存部分，可以通过（a）接受具有目的地节点的路由路径图来确定用于在单个节点故障的情况下到达目的地节点的可存活网络的第一路由器的备份端口 ，其中所述路由路径图包括由所述第一路由器的一个或多个主端口终止的一个或多个链路; 和（b）对于至少一部分路由路径图的每个路由器，（1）假设当前路由器被去除，定义（A）包括目的地节点的路由路径图的第一部分，以及（B） 与第一部分分离的路由路径图的第二部分，其中第二部分定义一个或多个子图，以及（2）通过检查一个或多个子图中的至少一个来确定第一路由器的备份端口 以找到到路由路径图的第一部分的链接。
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5.发明授权Determining rerouting information for single-link failure recovery in an Internet protocol network 有权确定Internet协议网络中单链路故障恢复的重路由信息公开(公告)号：US07869348B2
公开(公告)日：2011-01-11
申请号：US11786417
申请日：2007-04-10
申请人： Hung-Hsiang Jonathan Chao , Kang Xi
发明人： Hung-Hsiang Jonathan Chao , Kang Xi
IPC分类号： H04J1/16
CPC分类号： H04L12/66
摘要： For a survivable portion of a network, a backup port for a first router of the survivable network, to reach a destination node in the event of a single link failure, may be determined by (a) accepting a routing path graph having the destination node, wherein the routing path graph includes one or more links terminated by one or more primary ports of the first router, and (b) for each router of at least a part of the routing path graph, (1) assuming that a link terminated by a primary port of the current router is removed, defining (A) a first part of the routing path graph including the destination node, and (B) a second part of the routing path graph separated from the first part wherein the second part defines a sub-graph, and (2) determining the backup port for the first router by examining the sub-graph with respect to the first part of the routing path graph.
摘要翻译： 对于网络的可生存部分，可以通过（a）接受具有目的地节点的路由路径图来确定可存活网络的第一路由器的备用端口，以在单链路故障的情况下到达目的地节点 ，其中所述路由路径图包括由所述第一路由器的一个或多个主端口终止的一个或多个链路，以及（b）对于路由路径图的至少一部分的每个路由器，（1）假设由 删除当前路由器的主端口，定义（A）包括目的地节点的路由路径图的第一部分，以及（B）与第一部分分离的路由路径图的第二部分，其中第二部分定义 子图，以及（2）通过检查相对于路由路径图的第一部分的子图来确定第一路由器的备份端口。
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6.发明申请DETERMINING REROUTING INFORMATION FOR DOUBLE-LINK FAILURE RECOVERY IN AN INTERNET PROTOCOL NETWORK 有权确定互联网协议网络中双重故障恢复的转发信息公开(公告)号：US20080130491A1
公开(公告)日：2008-06-05
申请号：US11934208
申请日：2007-11-02
申请人： Hung-Hsiang Jonathan Chao , Kang Xi
发明人： Hung-Hsiang Jonathan Chao , Kang Xi
IPC分类号： H04L12/26
摘要： Backup ports for a first router of the survivable network are determined so that the first router can reach a destination node in the event of a double link failure. A routing path graph having the destination node is accepted. The routing path graph includes one or more links terminated by one or more primary ports of the first router. For each router of at least a part of the routing path graph, assuming that a link terminated by a primary port of the first router is removed, a first part of the routing path graph including the destination node and a second part of the routing path graph (sub-graph) separated from the first part are defined. Two exits for the sub-graph to reach the graph are determined. A primary backup port and a secondary backup port are determined for the first router using the determined two exits.
摘要翻译： 确定可存活网络的第一路由器的备份端口，使得在双链路故障的情况下第一路由器可以到达目的地节点。 具有目的地节点的路由路径图被接受。 路由路径图包括由第一路由器的一个或多个主端口终止的一个或多个链路。 对于路由路径图的至少一部分的每个路由器，假设由第一路由器的主端口终止的链路被去除，路由路径图的第一部分包括目的地节点和路由路径的第二部分 定义与第一部分分离的图（子图）。 确定子图的两个出口到达图形。 使用确定的两个出口为第一个路由器确定主备份端口和辅助备份端口。
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7.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20080130489A1
公开(公告)日：2008-06-05
申请号：US11934213
申请日：2007-11-02
申请人： Hung-Hsiang Jonathan Chao , Kang Xi
发明人： Hung-Hsiang Jonathan Chao , Kang Xi
IPC分类号： G01R31/08
摘要： A router in a survivable portion of a network may forward packets to a destination node even in the event of a double-link failure. For a given destination node, the router has previously been configured with a primary port, a primary backup port, and a secondary backup port. The router receives a packet addressed to the destination node within the survivable portion of the network, wherein the packet includes information indicating that the packet has encountered a failure. The router then selects one of (A) the primary port, (B) the primary backup port and (C) the secondary backup port on which to forward the received packet, such that a backup path with no dead loops is defined. The router may obtain a recovery distance of at least one of (A) the primary backup port based on a backup path to which it leads, and (B) the secondary backup port based on a backup path to which it leads, and may further obtain counter information in a packet indicative of a failure distance. In this case, the router may select a port whose recovery distance is greater than the failure distance. The router may identify a pattern of the failure. In this case, the router may make its selection using a forwarding policy associated with the identified pattern.
摘要翻译： 即使在双链路故障的情况下，网络的可幸存部分中的路由器也可以将分组转发到目的地节点。 对于给定的目标节点，路由器先前已配置了主端口，主备份端口和辅助备份端口。 路由器接收寻址到网络的可幸存部分内的目的地节点的分组，其中分组包括指示分组遇到故障的信息。 路由器然后选择（A）主端口，（B）主备份端口和（C）二次备份端口之一转发接收到的数据包，以便定义没有死循环的备份路径。 路由器可以基于其引导的备份路径获得（A）主备份端口中的至少一个的恢复距离，以及（B）基于其引导的备用路径的辅助备份端口，并且可以进一步 在指示故障距离的分组中获取计数器信息。 在这种情况下，路由器可以选择恢复距离大于故障距离的端口。 路由器可能会识别故障模式。 在这种情况下，路由器可以使用与所识别的模式相关联的转发策略进行选择。
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8.发明授权Internet protocol fast reroute for shared risk link group failure recovery 有权Internet协议快速重新路由共享风险链路组故障恢复公开(公告)号：US08264955B2
公开(公告)日：2012-09-11
申请号：US12483912
申请日：2009-06-12
申请人： H. Jonathan Chao , Kang Xi
发明人： H. Jonathan Chao , Kang Xi
CPC分类号： H04L41/0893 , H04L41/0668 , H04L41/12
摘要： A scheme to achieve fast recovery from SRLG failures in the IP layer is described. An exemplary scheme, called multi-section shortest path first (“MSSPF”), builds on the idea of IP Fast Reroute (“IPFRR”), guarantees 100% recovery of SRLG failures and causes no dead loops. Given a source node, a destination node, and a shared risk group failure on a next hop from the source node to the destination node, failure recovery information may be determined by (1) accepting a graph representing network topology information including the source node and the destination node, (2) determining a node which is able to reach the destination node using a route which does not include the source node, wherein a path from the source node to the determined node is not affected by the shared risk group failure, and (3) storing, in association with the shared risk group failure, both (i) a network address associated with the determined node and (ii) an alternative output port of the source node using the shortest path from the source node to the determined node.
摘要翻译： 描述了实现IP层中SRLG故障快速恢复的方案。 基于IP快速重路由（“IPFRR”）的思想，建立了一个称为多节段最短路径（“MSSPF”）的示范方案，保证了SRLG故障的100％恢复，并且不会导致死循环。 给定来自源节点到目的地节点的下一跳的源节点，目的地节点和共享风险组故障，故障恢复信息可以通过以下方式来确定：（1）接受表示包括源节点和 目的地节点，（2）使用不包括源节点的路由来确定能够到达目的地节点的节点，其中从源节点到确定的节点的路径不受共享风险组故障的影响， 和（3）与共享风险组故障相关联地存储（i）与所确定的节点相关联的网络地址和（ii）使用从源节点到确定的最短路径的源节点的备选输出端口 节点。
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公开(公告)号：US20060038314A1
公开(公告)日：2006-02-23
申请号：US11181090
申请日：2005-07-14
申请人： Kevin Capaldo , Dennis Coyle , Safwat Tadros , Kang Xi
发明人： Kevin Capaldo , Dennis Coyle , Safwat Tadros , Kang Xi
IPC分类号： B29C67/00
CPC分类号： B29C43/222 , B29C48/08 , B29C48/30 , B29C48/305 , B29K2069/00 , B29K2995/0032 , B29L2011/00
摘要： In one embodiment, the extrusion process can comprise: feeding a thermoplastic polycarbonate resin to an extruder; heating the resin to a temperature sufficient to attain a melt viscosity of less than or equal to about 300 Pa.s; extruding the heated resin; and passing the extruded resin through a gap between two solid metal calendering rolls to produce a film. The film has a birefringence of less than or equal to about 50 nm.
摘要翻译： 在一个实施方案中，挤出方法可以包括：将热塑性聚碳酸酯树脂进料到挤出机中; 将树脂加热到足以获得小于或等于约300Pa·s的熔体粘度的温度; 挤出加热的树脂; 并将挤出的树脂通过两个固体金属压延辊之间的间隙以产生膜。 该膜具有小于或等于约50nm的双折射。
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10.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20100315943A1
公开(公告)日：2010-12-16
申请号：US12483912
申请日：2009-06-12
申请人： H. Jonathan Chao , Kang Xi
发明人： H. Jonathan Chao , Kang Xi
IPC分类号： H04L12/26
CPC分类号： H04L41/0893 , H04L41/0668 , H04L41/12
摘要： A scheme to achieve fast recovery from SRLG failures in the IP layer is described. An exemplary scheme, called multi-section shortest path first (“MSSPF”), builds on the idea of IP Fast Reroute (“IPFRR”), guarantees 100% recovery of SRLG failures and causes no dead loops. Given a source node, a destination node, and a shared risk group failure on a next hop from the source node to the destination node, failure recovery information may be determined by (1) accepting a graph representing network topology information including the source node and the destination node, (2) determining a node which is able to reach the destination node using a route which does not include the source node, wherein a path from the source node to the determined node is not affected by the shared risk group failure, and (3) storing, in association with the shared risk group failure, both (i) a network address associated with the determined node and (ii) an alternative output port of the source node using the shortest path from the source node to the determined node.
摘要翻译： 描述了实现IP层中SRLG故障快速恢复的方案。 基于IP快速重路由（“IPFRR”）的思想，建立了一个称为多段最短路径（“MSSPF”）的示范方案，保证了SRLG故障的100％恢复，并且不会导致死循环。 给定来自源节点到目的地节点的下一跳的源节点，目的地节点和共享风险组故障，故障恢复信息可以通过以下方式来确定：（1）接受表示包括源节点和 目的地节点，（2）使用不包括源节点的路由来确定能够到达目的地节点的节点，其中从源节点到确定的节点的路径不受共享风险组故障的影响， 和（3）与共享风险组故障相关联地存储（i）与所确定的节点相关联的网络地址和（ii）使用从源节点到确定的最短路径的源节点的备选输出端口 节点。
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