公开(公告)号：US06693419B2

公开(公告)日：2004-02-17

申请号：US10156684

申请日：2002-05-28

申请人： Jason T. Stauth ,  P. Karl Scheller ,  Glenn A. Forrest ,  Ravi Vig ,  Jay M. Towne

发明人： Jason T. Stauth ,  P. Karl Scheller ,  Glenn A. Forrest ,  Ravi Vig ,  Jay M. Towne

IPC分类号： G01B714

CPC分类号： G01D5/24428 ,  G01V3/08

摘要： A proximity detector includes an offset circuit for bringing at least one of a magnetic field signal and a tracking signal towards the other one of the magnetic field signal and the tracking signal when the detector output signal changes state. A magnetic field-to-voltage transducer provides the magnetic field signal indicative of an ambient magnetic field and a peak detector responsive to the magnetic field signal provides the tracking signal which substantially follows the magnetic field signal. A comparator generates the detector output signal which changes state when the magnetic field signal varies from the tracking signal by a predetermined amount.

摘要翻译： 接近检测器包括偏移电路，用于当检测器输出信号改变状态时，使磁场信号和跟踪信号中的至少一个朝向另一个磁场信号和跟踪信号。 磁场电压换能器提供指示环境磁场的磁场信号，响应于磁场信号的峰值检测器提供基本上遵循磁场信号的跟踪信号。 比较器产生检测器输出信号，该信号当磁场信号从跟踪信号变化预定量时改变状态。

公开(公告)号：US5694038A

公开(公告)日：1997-12-02

申请号：US587406

申请日：1996-01-17

申请人： Kristann L. Moody ,  Ravi Vig ,  P. Karl Scheller ,  Jay M. Towne ,  Teri L. Tu

发明人： Kristann L. Moody ,  Ravi Vig ,  P. Karl Scheller ,  Jay M. Towne ,  Teri L. Tu

IPC分类号： G01B7/00 ,  G01D3/02 ,  G01D5/14 ,  G01D5/244 ,  G01D5/245 ,  G01V3/08 ,  H03K17/95 ,  H03M1/30 ,  G01B7/30 ,  F02P17/02 ,  G01P3/489 ,  H03G1/00

CPC分类号： G01D5/2448 ,  G01D3/02 ,  G01D5/145 ,  H03M1/303

摘要： A magnetic-field-to-voltage transducer includes a Hall element and a digitally gain-controlled Hall-voltage amplifier that produces an analog voltage Vsig having excursions of one polarity corresponding to the passing of magnetic articles. Vsig is applied to the input of a signal-manipulating circuit that generates a proximity- detector binary output voltage, Vout, having transitions of one direction each time a predetermined point is reached in Vsig. A digitally gain-controlled gain amplifier is connected to the Hall element. A comparator circuit generates a binary signal Vbig (or V.sub.toobig) that changes from one to another binary level each time that Vsig exceeds a DC target voltage, V.sub.TG. The AGC circuit senses and counts gain counter excursions of one polarity in Vsig, and produces a binary count output signal at the input of the gain amplifier at each of the counted excursions in Vsig, incrementally changing the transducer gain in the direction to bring the peaks in Vsig to just below the target value T.sub.TG. This AGC feature prevents saturating the amplifier and quickly renders a Vsig of essentially constant amplitude so that either the peak excursion values or predetermined threshold levels in Vsig, at which transitions in the proximity detector output voltage Vout are caused to occur, provide greater accuracy and stability in the correlation between detection-approach and -withdrawal distances and transitions in Vout.

摘要翻译： 磁场电压换能器包括霍尔元件和数字增益控制的霍尔电压放大器，其产生具有与磁性物品通过相对应的一个极性的偏移的模拟电压Vsig。 Vsig被施加到信号处理电路的输入端，该信号处理电路产生接近检测器二进制输出电压Vout，每当Vsig达到预定点时具有一个方向的转变。 数字增益控制增益放大器连接到霍尔元件。 比较器电路每当Vsig超过DC目标电压VTG时产生从一个到另一个二进制电平的二进制信号Vbig（或Vtoobig）。 AGC电路感测并计数Vsig中的一个极性的增益计数器偏移，并且在Vsig的每个计数偏移量的增益放大器的输入处产生二进制计数输出信号，在方向上递增地改变换能器增益以使峰值 在Vsig中低于目标值TTG。 该AGC功能可防止放大器饱和，并快速渲染基本上恒定幅度的Vsig，使得导致接近检测器输出电压Vout发生转换的Vsig中的峰值偏移值或预定阈值电平提供更高的精度和稳定性 在Vout中的检测方法与取出距离和转换之间的相关性。

公开(公告)号：US06297627B1

公开(公告)日：2001-10-02

申请号：US09239023

申请日：1999-01-27

申请人： Jay M. Towne ,  Ravi Vig ,  P. Karl Scheller

发明人： Jay M. Towne ,  Ravi Vig ,  P. Karl Scheller

IPC分类号： G01P348

CPC分类号： H03K5/082 ,  G01R33/0041 ,  H03G3/001 ,  H03K5/153 ,  H03K17/9517

摘要： A proximity detector for sensing a magnetic field includes a magnetic-field-to-voltage transducer for generating a signal voltage Vsig that is proportional to the magnetic field, a peak-to-peak percentage threshold detector coupled to the magnetic-field-to-voltage transducer to receive the signal voltage Vsig and for providing an output signal voltage Vout and a forcing circuit coupled to the peak-to-peak percentage threshold detector for forcing and maintaining the value of the output signal voltage Vout at a predetermined value during an initial startup interval of the proximity detector. The proximity detector may further include an automatic gain control circuit coupled to the forcing circuit to provide a proximity detector capable of operating in a peak-to-peak percentage threshold detector mode with automatic gain control.

摘要翻译： 用于感测磁场的接近检测器包括用于产生与磁场成比例的信号电压Vsig的磁场 - 电压转换器，耦合到磁场 - 电压 - 电压传感器以接收信号电压Vsig，并用于提供输出信号电压Vout和耦合到峰 - 峰百分比阈值检测器的强制电路，用于在初始期间将输出信号电压Vout的值强制并保持在预定值 接近检测器的启动间隔。 接近检测器还可以包括耦合到强制电路的自动增益控制电路，以提供能够以具有自动增益控制的峰 - 峰百分比阈值检测器模式操作的接近检测器。

公开(公告)号：US06232768B1

公开(公告)日：2001-05-15

申请号：US08852856

申请日：1997-05-07

申请人： Kristann L. Moody ,  Ravi Vig ,  P. Karl Scheller ,  Jay M. Towne ,  Teri L. Tu

发明人： Kristann L. Moody ,  Ravi Vig ,  P. Karl Scheller ,  Jay M. Towne ,  Teri L. Tu

IPC分类号： G01B730

CPC分类号： G01D3/02 ,  G01D5/145 ,  G01D5/2448 ,  H03M1/303

摘要： A magnetic-field-to-voltage transducer includes a Hall element and a digitally gain-controlled Hall-voltage amplifier that produces an analog voltage Vsig having excursions of one polarity corresponding to the passing of magnetic articles. Vsig is applied to the input of a peak-referenced-threshold signal detector that generates a binary proximity-detector output voltage, Vout, having transitions of one direction upon approaches of gear teeth down to zero speed. A digitally gain-controlled amplifier is connected to the Hall element. A comparator circuit generates a binary signal Vbig (or Vtoobig) that changes from one to another binary level each time that Vsig exceeds a DC target voltage, VTG. The AGC circuit incrementally changes the transducer gain in the direction to bring the peaks in Vsig to just below the target value TTG. Reference voltages VP2 and VN2 are generated that are equal respectively to the most recent peak positive and negative going excursion in Vsig. DC off-set-limit voltages VA and VB are provided that are respectively above and below the center of the dynamic voltage range of the detector, and the entire signal Vsig at the output of the amplifier is biased in a negative direction when the median value, Vos, of Vsig is greater than VA and moving the entire signal Vsig in a less positive direction when Vos is less than VB to keep Vos within the range from VB to VA.

摘要翻译： 磁场电压换能器包括霍尔元件和数字增益控制的霍尔电压放大器，其产生具有与磁性物品通过相对应的一个极性的偏移的模拟电压Vsig。 Vsig被施加到峰值参考阈值信号检测器的输入端，该检测器产生二进制接近检测器输出电压Vout，在齿轮齿接近零速度时具有一个方向的转变。 数字增益控制放大器连接到霍尔元件。 比较器电路每当Vsig超过DC目标电压VTG时产生从一个到另一个二进制电平的二进制信号Vbig（或Vtoobig）。 AGC电路逐渐改变传感器增益的方向，使Vsig中的峰值刚好低于目标值TTG。 产生参考电压VP2和VN2，其分别等于Vsig中最近的峰值正负偏移。 提供分别在检测器的动态电压范围的中心上方和下方的直流偏置电压VA和VB，并且当放大器的输出处的中值的偏移为放大器的输出端的整个信号Vsig时 ，Vsig的Vos大于VA，并且当Vos小于VB时将整个信号Vsig移动到较小的正方向，以将Vos保持在从VB到VA的范围内。

公开(公告)号：US5917320A

公开(公告)日：1999-06-29

申请号：US847703

申请日：1997-04-28

申请人： P. Karl Scheller ,  Ravi Vig ,  Jay M. Towne ,  Hitoshi Yabusaki

发明人： P. Karl Scheller ,  Ravi Vig ,  Jay M. Towne ,  Hitoshi Yabusaki

IPC分类号： G01B7/00 ,  G01B7/30 ,  G01D3/02 ,  G01D5/14 ,  G01D5/244 ,  G01D5/245 ,  G01P3/488 ,  G01R33/02 ,  G01V3/08 ,  H03K5/08 ,  H03K17/95 ,  H03M1/30 ,  G01P3/48 ,  G01B7/14 ,  G01P3/489

CPC分类号： G01D3/02 ,  G01D5/145 ,  G01D5/24476 ,  G01D5/2448 ,  G01V3/081 ,  H03M1/303

摘要： A method for detection of passing magnetic articles which includes an initial step of sensing an ambient magnetic field and generating a voltage, Vsig, proportional to the magnetic field. A threshold voltage is generated as a percentage of the peak-to-peak voltage of Vsig. The method further includes the step of generating a proximity detector output voltage that becomes one binary level when Vsig rises to exceed the threshold voltage and another binary level when Vsig falls to below the threshold voltage. The threshold voltage is periodically updated to remain the percentage, within a predetermined tolerance, of the peak-to-peak voltage of Vsig in response to changes that may occur in the peak voltages of Vsig. In one embodiment, the threshold voltage is at a first level corresponding to a first percentage of the peak-to-peak voltage of Vsig when Vsig exceeds the threshold voltage and is at a second level corresponding to a second percentage of the peak-to-peak voltage of Vsig when Vsig is less than the threshold voltage.

摘要翻译： 用于检测通过磁性制品的方法，其包括感测周围磁场并产生与磁场成比例的电压Vsig的初始步骤。 产生阈值电压作为Vsig的峰 - 峰电压的百分比。 该方法还包括以下步骤：当Vsig升高到超过阈值电压时，产生接近检测器输出电压，该电压变为一个二进制电平，当Vsig下降到阈值电压以下时，产生另一个二进制电平。 周期性地更新阈值电压，以便在Vsig的峰值电压中可能发生的变化的情况下，保持在Vsig的峰 - 峰电压的预定容限内的百分比。 在一个实施例中，当Vsig超过阈值电压时，阈值电压处于对应于Vsig的峰 - 峰电压的第一百分比的第一电平，并且处于对应于峰 - 峰电压的第二百分比的第二电平， 当Vsig小于阈值电压时，Vsig的峰值电压。

公开(公告)号：US5650719A

公开(公告)日：1997-07-22

申请号：US587407

申请日：1996-01-17

申请人： Kristann L. Moody ,  Ravi Vig ,  P. Karl Scheller ,  Jay M. Towne ,  Teri L. Tu

发明人： Kristann L. Moody ,  Ravi Vig ,  P. Karl Scheller ,  Jay M. Towne ,  Teri L. Tu

IPC分类号： G01B7/00 ,  G01D3/02 ,  G01D5/14 ,  G01D5/244 ,  G01D5/245 ,  G01V3/08 ,  H03K17/95 ,  H03M1/30 ,  G01P3/48 ,  G01P3/489

CPC分类号： G01D5/24476 ,  G01D3/02 ,  G01D5/145 ,  G01D5/2448 ,  G01V3/081 ,  H03M1/303

摘要： A Hall transducer produces a signal Vsig. Threshold voltages V.sub.Pth and V.sub.Nth are generated at the beginning, t.sub.update, of each of a succession of update time intervals, of 64 pulses in Vsig, to be fixed percentages respectively of the peak to peak voltage in Vsig. A proximity-detector binary output voltage is high when Vsig exceeds threshold voltage V.sub.Pth and low when Vsig is below threshold voltage V.sub.Nth. Signals V.sub.Pold and V.sub.Nold, generated by first and second DACs, are equal to the first positive and negative peaks in Vsig after each time t.sub.update initiating the start of a successive interval. Signals V.sub.Pnew and V.sub.Nnew, simultaneously generated by third and fourth DACs, are equal to the greatest positive and negative peak voltages in Vsig during the interval ending at t.sub.update. Counters present their count to the first and second DACs that count pulses from a clock for tracking and holding +/- peaks in Vsig. After each time t.sub.update, a pulse in a signal Vupdt is generated if at time t.sub.update V.sub.Nnew lies outside the range. V.sub.Nold -v to V.sub.Nold +v of if V.sub.Nnew lies outside the range V.sub.Nold -v to V.sub.Nold +v, where v is an incremental DC bias voltage. Vupdt resets the counters so that during the succeeding update time interval the threshold voltages V.sub.Pth and V.sub.Nth have the fixed percentages of the updated threshold voltages V.sub.Pnew -V.sub.Nnew.

摘要翻译： 霍尔传感器产生信号Vsig。 阈值电压VPth和VNth在Vsig中的64个脉冲的连续更新时间间隔的每一个的开始时产生，分别为Vsig中峰峰值电压的固定百分比。 当Vsig超过阈值电压VPth时，接近检测器二进制输出电压为高电平，当Vsig低于阈值电压VNth时，接近检测器二进制输出电压为高电平。 由第一和第二DAC产生的信号VPold和VNold等于每次启动连续间隔开始后的Vsig中的第一个正和负峰值。 由第三和第四DAC同时产生的信号VPnew和VNnew等于在tupdate结束的间隔期间的Vsig中最大的正和负峰值电压。 计数器将其计数器显示给第一和第二DAC，它们计数来自时钟的脉冲，用于跟踪Vsig中的+/-峰。 在每次tupdate之后，如果在tupdate VNnew处于该范围之外，则产生信号Vupdt中的脉冲。 如果VNnew位于VNold- + Z v到VNold ++ Z v的范围之外，则VNold- + Z v至VNold ++ Z v，其中+ Z v是增量DC偏置电压。 Vupdt复位计数器，使得在成功更新时间间隔期间，阈值电压VPth和VNth具有更新的阈值电压VPnew-VNnew的固定百分比。

公开(公告)号：US6100680A

公开(公告)日：2000-08-08

申请号：US851402

申请日：1997-05-05

申请人： Ravi Vig ,  Jay M. Towne ,  P. Karl Scheller

发明人： Ravi Vig ,  Jay M. Towne ,  P. Karl Scheller

IPC分类号： G01B7/00 ,  G01D3/02 ,  G01D5/14 ,  G01D5/244 ,  G01D5/245 ,  G01V3/08 ,  H03K17/95 ,  H03M1/30 ,  G01P3/488 ,  G01P3/489 ,  H03K5/08 ,  H03K5/153

CPC分类号： G01D3/02 ,  G01D5/145 ,  G01D5/2448 ,  H03M1/303

摘要： A magnetic-field-to-voltage transducer includes a Hall element and a digitally gain-controlled Hall-voltage amplifier that produces an analog signal voltage Vsig having excursions of one polarity corresponding to the passing of magnetic articles. The gain of an AGC Vsig amplifier is only decreased in small sequential gain increments during an initial interval defined as that in which two excursions in Vsig have occurred, and the gain remains unchanged thereafter. Vsig is applied to the input of a peak-referenced-threshold signal detector that generates a binary output voltage, Vout, having transitions of one direction and the other direction corresponding respectively to the approach and retreat of the passing articles. The peak-referenced-threshold signal detector includes a dual-threshold-voltage comparator which is set to a large threshold at start-up. When just after start-up an excursion in the signal Vsig at the output of the amplifier exceeds a predetermined reference voltage, a small threshold obtains. Such an automatic threshold adjustment is made only in a brief initial period following start-up and not again until the proximity detector has been powered down and then started up again. This automatic dual-mode threshold feature prevents false detection due to "overshoots" that may be present in the transducer signal when the air gap is small, and leads to accurate detection over a wide range of air gaps between the transducer and the passing magnetic articles.

摘要翻译： 磁场电压换能器包括霍尔元件和数字增益控制的霍尔电压放大器，其产生具有对应于磁性物品通过的一个极性的偏移的模拟信号电压Vsig。 AGC Vsig放大器的增益仅在定义为其中发生Vsig中的两个偏移的初始间隔期间以小的顺序增益增量减小，并且其后的增益保持不变。 Vsig被施加到产生二进制输出电压Vout的峰值参考阈值信号检测器的输入端，Vout分别具有一个方向的转变，另一个方向分别对应于通过的物品的进入和退出。 峰值参考阈值信号检测器包括在启动时被设置为大阈值的双阈值电压比较器。 当刚刚启动之后，放大器输出端的信号Vsig的偏移超过了预定的参考电压，得到一个小的阈值。 这样的自动阈值调整仅在启动之后的初始初始周期中进行，而不是再次直到接近检测器被断电然后再次启动。 这种自动双模阈值特征防止了当气隙小时可能存在于换能器信号中的“过冲”的错误检测，并且导致在换能器和通过的磁性物品之间的宽范围的气隙的精确检测 。

公开(公告)号：US08089270B2

公开(公告)日：2012-01-03

申请号：US12401096

申请日：2009-03-10

申请人： P. Karl Scheller ,  Ravi Vig

发明人： P. Karl Scheller ,  Ravi Vig

IPC分类号： G01B7/30

CPC分类号： G01R33/091 ,  G01D5/2448 ,  G01R33/072

摘要： Apparatus for detecting a passing magnetic article includes a peak detector providing a detector output signal that changes state when the magnetic field signal differs from a magnetic field tracking signal by more than a threshold offset amount. The threshold offset amount is dynamically variable in response to detection of a speed of rotation of the magnetic article and a peak-to-peak signal level of the magnetic field signal.

摘要翻译： 用于检测通过的磁性制品的装置包括提供检测器输出信号的峰值检测器，当磁场信号与磁场跟踪信号不同于阈值偏移量时，该检测器输出信号改变状态。 响应于磁性物品的旋转速度的检测和磁场信号的峰 - 峰信号电平，阈值偏移量是动态变化的。

公开(公告)号：US08624588B2

公开(公告)日：2014-01-07

申请号：US12183367

申请日：2008-07-31

申请人： Ravi Vig ,  P. Karl Scheller ,  Paul David

发明人： Ravi Vig ,  P. Karl Scheller ,  Paul David

IPC分类号： G01B7/30 ,  G01R33/07 ,  G01P3/48

CPC分类号： G01P3/44 ,  G01D5/142 ,  G01P3/488 ,  G01P3/489 ,  G01P13/045 ,  G01R33/0041 ,  G01R33/07

摘要： An apparatus and a method provide an output signal indicative of a speed of rotation and a direction of rotation of a ferromagnetic object capable of rotating. A variety of signal formats of the output signal are described.

摘要翻译： 装置和方法提供表示能够旋转的铁磁体的旋转速度和旋转方向的输出信号。 描述了输出信号的各种信号格式。

公开(公告)号：US20100231202A1

公开(公告)日：2010-09-16

申请号：US12401096

申请日：2009-03-10

申请人： P. Karl Scheller ,  Ravi Vig

发明人： P. Karl Scheller ,  Ravi Vig

IPC分类号： G01P3/48

CPC分类号： G01R33/091 ,  G01D5/2448 ,  G01R33/072

摘要： Apparatus for detecting a passing magnetic article includes a peak detector providing a detector output signal that changes state when the magnetic field signal differs from a magnetic field tracking signal by more than a threshold offset amount. The threshold offset amount is dynamically variable in response to detection of a speed of rotation of the magnetic article and a peak-to-peak signal level of the magnetic field signal.

摘要翻译： 用于检测通过的磁性制品的装置包括提供检测器输出信号的峰值检测器，当磁场信号与磁场跟踪信号不同于阈值偏移量时，该检测器输出信号改变状态。 响应于磁性物品的旋转速度的检测和磁场信号的峰 - 峰信号电平，阈值偏移量是动态变化的。