公开(公告)号：US4938568A

公开(公告)日：1990-07-03

申请号：US141033

申请日：1988-01-05

申请人： John D. Margerum ,  Anna M. Lackner ,  Elena Ramos ,  George W. Smith ,  Nuno A. Vaz ,  James L. Kohler ,  Charles R. Allison

发明人： John D. Margerum ,  Anna M. Lackner ,  Elena Ramos ,  George W. Smith ,  Nuno A. Vaz ,  James L. Kohler ,  Charles R. Allison

IPC分类号： C09K19/54 ,  G02F1/1334

CPC分类号： G02F1/1334 ,  C09K19/544 ,  Y10S359/90

摘要： A method of forming a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) film is disclosed which consists of forming a solution of LC dissolved in a monomer, photopolymerizing the solution to form a film having a dispersion of LC bubbles therein, establishing a correlation between the LC bubble size and selected characteristics of the film, selecting a LC bubble size corresponding to desired film characteristics, and controlling the conditions of photopolymerization to achieve said LC bubble size. The LC bubble size is controlled by means of the UV exposure intensity, exposure temperature, exposure wavelength, LC concentration and/or concentration of polymerization initiator. Correlations are noted between LC bubble size and the resulting film's threshold and operating voltages for optical transmission, contrast ratio, absolute transmissivity and electro-optical response times. Special types of films, including in situ gratings and holograms, are obtained by periodically varying the conditions of polymerization over the film to produce a corresponding periodic spatial variation in the LC bubble size; different processes used to achieve this result are noted. Films with LC bubbles in a new size regime that significantly decreases the operating voltage threshold, and with gradients in the bubble size, are also disclosed.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种形成聚合物分散液晶（PDLC）膜的方法，该方法由形成溶解在单体中的LC溶液组成，使该溶液光聚合以形成其中具有LC气泡分散的膜，从而建立LC气泡之间的相关性 尺寸和选定的特性，选择对应于期望的膜特性的LC气泡尺寸，以及控制光聚合条件以实现所述LC气泡尺寸。 通过UV曝光强度，曝光温度，曝光波长，LC浓度和/或聚合引发剂的浓度来控制LC气泡尺寸。 在LC气泡尺寸和所得膜的阈值和光透射，对比度，绝对透射率和电光响应时间的工作电压之间存在相关性。 特殊类型的膜，包括原位光栅和全息图，通过周期性地改变膜上的聚合条件来获得LC气泡尺寸中相应的周期性空间变化; 注意到用于实现该结果的不同过程。 还公开了具有显着降低工作电压阈值和气泡尺寸梯度的新尺寸方案中的LC气泡的膜。

公开(公告)号：US5096282A

公开(公告)日：1992-03-17

申请号：US498076

申请日：1990-03-23

申请人： John D. Margerum ,  Anna M. Lackner ,  Elena Ramos ,  George W. Smith ,  Nuno Yaz ,  James L. Kohler ,  Charles R. Allison

发明人： John D. Margerum ,  Anna M. Lackner ,  Elena Ramos ,  George W. Smith ,  Nuno Yaz ,  James L. Kohler ,  Charles R. Allison

IPC分类号： C09K19/54 ,  G02F1/1334

CPC分类号： C09K19/544 ,  G02F1/1334

摘要： A method of forming a polymer dispersed liquid crystal (PDLC) film is disclosed which consists of forming a solution of LC dissolved in a monomer, photopolymerizing the solution to form a film having a dispersion of LC bubbles therein, establishing a correlation between the LC bubble size and selected characteristics of the film, selecting a LC bubble size corresponding to desired film characteristics, and controlling the conditions of photopolymerization to achieve said LC bubble size. The LC bubble size is controlled by means of the UV exposure intensity, exposure temperature, exposure wavelength, LC concentration and/or concentration of polymerization initiator. Correlations are noted between LC bubble size and the resulting film's threshold and operating voltages for optical transmission, contrast ratio, absolute transmissivity and electro-optical response times. Special types of films, including in situ gratings and holograms, are obtained by periodically varying the conditions of polymerization over the film to produce a corresponding periodic spatial variation in the LC bubble size; different processes used to achieve this result are noted. Films with LC bubbles in a new size regime that significantly decreases the operating voltage threshold, and with gradients in the bubble size, are also disclosed.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种形成聚合物分散液晶（PDLC）膜的方法，该方法由形成溶解在单体中的LC溶液组成，使该溶液光聚合以形成其中具有LC气泡分散的膜，从而建立LC气泡之间的相关性 尺寸和选定的特性，选择对应于期望的膜特性的LC气泡尺寸，以及控制光聚合条件以实现所述LC气泡尺寸。 通过UV曝光强度，曝光温度，曝光波长，LC浓度和/或聚合引发剂的浓度来控制LC气泡尺寸。 在LC气泡尺寸和所得膜的阈值和光透射，对比度，绝对透射率和电光响应时间的工作电压之间存在相关性。 特殊类型的膜，包括原位光栅和全息图，通过周期性地改变膜上的聚合条件来获得LC气泡尺寸中相应的周期性空间变化; 注意到用于实现该结果的不同过程。 还公开了具有显着降低工作电压阈值和气泡尺寸梯度的新尺寸方案中的LC气泡的膜。

公开(公告)号：US4959759A

公开(公告)日：1990-09-25

申请号：US389446

申请日：1989-08-04

申请人： James L. Kohler

发明人： James L. Kohler

IPC分类号： B60Q3/04

CPC分类号： B60Q3/044 ,  B60Q3/004 ,  Y10S116/35

摘要： A solid state thickfilm electroluminescent lamp illuminates a pointer for viewing automotive instrument clusters during low ambient light conditions. A solid state ThFEL lamp is placed between the faceplate of a vehicle dashboard and the air core mechanism. An instrument cluster pointer is situated on the opposite side of the faceplate from the ThFEL lamp. The ThFEL lamp is donut-shaped with a hole in its center to allow the pointer to connect to the air core mechanism. The lamp has a reflectie electrode and a transparent electrode situated such that the reflective electrode directs the ThFEL light towards the pointer where it is needed and away from the air core mechanism. The pointer is designed to collect a large area of dim light, focusing that light down the pointer shaft and reflecting it to an observer viewing the instrument cluster.

摘要翻译： 固态厚膜电致发光灯照亮用于在低环境光条件下观察汽车仪表组的指针。 固态ThFEL灯放置在车辆仪表板的面板和空气芯机构之间。 仪表盘指针位于面板与ThFEL灯相反的一侧。 ThFEL灯是圆环形，在其中心有一个孔，以便指针连接到空心机构。 灯具有反射电极和透明电极，其设置成使得反射电极将ThFEL光引导到需要并远离空气芯机构的指示器。 指针设计用于收集大面积的昏暗光线，将指示灯的光线向下聚焦，并将其反射到观察仪器组的观察者。

公开(公告)号：US5289794A

公开(公告)日：1994-03-01

申请号：US948567

申请日：1992-09-23

申请人： Harlan D. Jerro ,  James L. Kohler ,  Steven G. Skiver ,  Timothy J. Candy ,  Donald F. Wildfong ,  Morgan D. Murphy

发明人： Harlan D. Jerro ,  James L. Kohler ,  Steven G. Skiver ,  Timothy J. Candy ,  Donald F. Wildfong ,  Morgan D. Murphy

IPC分类号： F16H63/42 ,  G09F9/40

CPC分类号： F16H63/42 ,  Y10S116/20

摘要： A gear range indicator for use with automatic transmissions which is remote from the shift mechanism yet requires minimal adjustment to be made to the mechanical linkage to compensate for variations in the position of the display relative to the shift mechanism. This gear range indicator used has magnetic biasing means to position a pointer to the appropriate transmission gear range symbol on the display.

摘要翻译： 用于远离换档机构的自动变速器的变速范围指示器，但是需要对机械联动装置进行最小的调整以补偿显示器相对于换档机构的位置的变化。 所使用的齿轮范围指示器具有磁性偏置装置，以将指针定位在显示器上的适当传动档位符号上。

公开(公告)号：US07327322B2

公开(公告)日：2008-02-05

申请号：US11158749

申请日：2005-06-22

申请人： Charles P. Capps ,  James L. Kohler

发明人： Charles P. Capps ,  James L. Kohler

IPC分类号： H01Q1/32

CPC分类号： H01Q1/3291 ,  H01Q1/44

摘要： A directional antenna is provided that utilizes an existing light source or simple reflector having a beam directing reflective surface and a transparent cover for transmitting and receiving electromagnetic radio waves. In an aspect, an information signal is impressed across a conductive material formed to a transparent cover and the reflective surface directs electromagnetic radio waves in a predetermined direction. Beam pattern, gain, polarization and wavelength can be selected through the design and positioning of the conductive material from the reflective surface for providing an effective resonant antenna. The radiated information signal may be used to detect an object or communicate with a receiver. The light source or reflector can be attached to a fixed structure or to a mobile vehicle. In the case of a mobile vehicle, the antenna is fully concealed. In an aspect, material costs, manufacturing costs and assembly costs are reduced as compared to presently available antennas.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种使用现有光源或具有光束指向反射表面的简单反射器和用于发射和接收电磁无线电波的透明盖的定向天线。 在一方面，信息信号穿过形成于透明盖的导电材料，并且反射表面沿预定方向引导电磁无线电波。 可以通过从反射表面设计和定位导电材料来选择光束图案，增益，偏振和波长，以提供有效的谐振天线。 辐射信息信号可以用于检测对象或与接收器通信。 光源或反射器可以附接到固定结构或移动式车辆。 在移动车辆的情况下，天线被完全隐藏。 在一个方面，与目前可用的天线相比，材料成本，制造成本和组装成本降低。