公开(公告)号：US5154778A

公开(公告)日：1992-10-13

申请号：US583313

申请日：1990-09-17

申请人： John M. Papazian ,  Robert L. Schulte ,  Philip N. Adler

发明人： John M. Papazian ,  Robert L. Schulte ,  Philip N. Adler

IPC分类号： C22F1/02

CPC分类号： C22F1/02

摘要： The invention utilizes a hydrogen atmosphere during the heat treatment of an Al-Li alloy. The presence of such a reducing atmosphere prevents the reaction of surface lithium atoms with atmosphere components that would cause a diffusion and subsequent depletion of lithium atoms in the region near the surface. As a result, the present invention suppresses lithium loss and consequently prevents the formation of agglomerated lithium atom vacancies which would otherwise develop into microscopic metallic porosity. The prevention of such a condition maintains high fatigue resistance and corrosion resistance in association with metallic strength.

摘要翻译： 本发明在Al-Li合金的热处理中利用氢气氛。 这种还原性气氛的存在阻止了表面锂原子与大气成分的反应，这些组分会在表面附近的区域中引起扩散和随后的锂原子的消耗。 结果，本发明抑制锂损失，从而防止形成聚集的锂原子空位，否则其将发展成微观金属孔隙。 防止这种情况与金属强度相关联地保持高耐疲劳性和耐腐蚀性。

公开(公告)号：US5659177A

公开(公告)日：1997-08-19

申请号：US400909

申请日：1995-03-08

申请人： Robert L. Schulte ,  Frank R. Swanson

发明人： Robert L. Schulte ,  Frank R. Swanson

IPC分类号： G01T3/08

CPC分类号： G01T3/08

摘要： A directional thermal neutron detector for detecting thermal neutrons and determining the direction of the thermal neutron source. The directional detector includes an array of individual thermal neutron detector modules, each of which comprises front and back planar silicon detectors having a gadolinium foil sandwiched therebetween. The array comprises a plurality of individual detector modules which are angularly displaced with respect to each other. The direction of the thermal neutron source is determined by comparing the magnitudes of the output signals from the plurality of angularly displaced detector modules. Each thermal neutron detector module is segmented into four quadrants to reduce its capacitance and resultant noise. The thickness of the gadolinium foil in each thermal neutron detector module is at least 15 microns thick, to improve the front-to-back silicon detector counting ratio to ascertain the side (front or back) from which thermal neutrons are arriving at the detector. Moreover, the thick gadolinium foil makes each detector module substantially opaque to thermal neutrons, and the detector modules are positioned relative to each other in the array to shield one another from thermal neutrons, thereby enhancing the angular resolution of the directional thermal neutron detector. Gamma rays are discriminated against by using coincidence signal processing within the elements of the detector sandwich to reduce the gamma ray contribution to the total signal.

摘要翻译： 用于检测热中子并确定热中子源方向的定向热中子探测器。 方向检测器包括单独的热中子探测器模块的阵列，每个热中子检测器模块包括夹在其间的钆箔的前和后平面硅检测器。 阵列包括相对于彼此成角度位移的多个单独的检测器模块。 通过比较来自多个角位移检测器模块的输出信号的大小来确定热中子源的方向。 每个热中子检测器模块分为四个象限，以减少其电容和产生的噪声。 每个热中子探测器模块中的钆箔的厚度至少为15微米厚，以改善前后硅检测器的计数比，以确定热中子到达检测器的一侧（正面或反面）。 此外，厚的钆箔使得每个检测器模块对于热中子基本上是不透明的，并且检测器模块相对于阵列中的彼此定位成相互隔离热中子，从而增强了定向热中子检测器的角分辨率。 通过使用检测器夹层的元件内的符合信号处理来减小伽马射线对总信号的贡献来区分伽马射线。

公开(公告)号：US5029262A

公开(公告)日：1991-07-02

申请号：US559071

申请日：1990-07-30

申请人： Robert L. Schulte

发明人： Robert L. Schulte

IPC分类号： G01T3/08

CPC分类号： G01T3/08

摘要： A neutron sensor comprises stacks of multi-layered segments. Each segment includes a first layer having a variable energy threshold for varying the sensitivity of the layer to low energy recoil protons. Immediately adjacent the threshold layer are two directional layers which produce output signals dependent upon the energy loss of recoil protons passing therethrough. The output signals generate a pattern which corresponds to the direction of neutron flow through the sensor.

摘要翻译： 中子传感器包括多层片段。 每个段包括具有可变能量阈值的第一层，用于改变该层对低能反冲质子的灵敏度。 紧邻阈值层的是两个方向层，其产生取决于通过其的反冲质子的能量损失的输出信号。 输出信号产生对应于通过传感器的中子流的方向的图案。

公开(公告)号：US06421418B1

公开(公告)日：2002-07-16

申请号：US09640042

申请日：2000-08-15

申请人： Robert L. Schulte

发明人： Robert L. Schulte

IPC分类号： G01J23203

CPC分类号： G01B15/02

摘要： A system for detecting hidden edges is disclosed. The system comprises a workpiece having a surface and a hidden edge located below the surface. A radiation source moves along the workpiece surface and generates radiation. A radiation receiver moves along the workpiece surface and receives reflected radiation. A processor coupled to the radiation receiver determines a count rate of the reflected radiation, determines a change of the count rate corresponding to the hidden edge, and associates the change to a position on the workpiece surface. A method for detecting hidden edges is disclosed. Step one calls for providing a workpiece having a surface and a hidden edge located below the surface. Step two provides for directing radiation towards the workpiece surface with a radiation source. At step three, the method calls for receiving reflected radiation with a radiation receiver. Step four calls for determining a count rate of the reflected radiation and a change of the count rate with a processor, where the change corresponds to the hidden edge. The last step provides for associating the change of the count rate with a position on the workpiece surface.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种用于检测隐藏边缘的系统。 该系统包括具有位于表面下方的表面和隐藏边缘的工件。 辐射源沿着工件表面移动并产生辐射。 辐射接收器沿工件表面移动并接收反射辐射。 耦合到辐射接收器的处理器确定反射辐射的计数率，确定对应于隐藏边缘的计数率的变化，并将该变化与工件表面上的位置相关联。 公开了一种隐藏边缘检测方法。 第一步要求提供具有位于表面下方的表面和隐藏边缘的工件。 第二步提供用辐射源将辐射指向工件表面。 在第三步，该方法要求用辐射接收器接收反射辐射。 第四步要求确定反射辐射的计数率和处理器的计数率的变化，其中变化对应于隐藏边缘。 最后一步提供将计数速率的变化与工件表面上的位置相关联。

公开(公告)号：US5763886A

公开(公告)日：1998-06-09

申请号：US695244

申请日：1996-08-07

申请人： Robert L. Schulte

发明人： Robert L. Schulte

IPC分类号： G01N23/203 ,  G01N23/10

CPC分类号： G01N23/203 ,  G01V5/0041

摘要： A two-dimensional imaging backscatter probe has a radiation source, a radiation detector, and a position sensing device to which the radiation detector is attached. A mapping circuit generates a two-dimensional map of backscattered radiation as a function of position of the radiation detector. A display displays the two-dimensional map. The two-dimensional imaging backscatter probe of the present invention facilitates non-destructive/non-intrusive inspection of a test article for contraband and/or structural integrity inspection.

摘要翻译： 二维成像后向散射探针具有辐射源，放射线检测器和放射线检测器附接到的位置感测装置。 映射电路根据辐射探测器的位置产生反向散射辐射的二维图。 显示器显示二维地图。 本发明的二维成像后向散射探针有利于用于违禁品和/或结构完整性检查的测试制品的非破坏性/非侵入性检查。

公开(公告)号：US5036202A

公开(公告)日：1991-07-30

申请号：US513978

申请日：1990-04-24

申请人： Robert L. Schulte

发明人： Robert L. Schulte

IPC分类号： G01T3/08

CPC分类号： G01T3/08

摘要： A bi-directional neutron detector comprises spaced hydrogenous layers interspersed with stacks of silicon detector layers. The energy loss from each of these layers is read out and a pattern of energy loss corresponds to the direction of travel of the recoil proton.

摘要翻译： 双向中子探测器包括间隔开的氢层，散布着硅检测器层的叠层。 读出每层这些层的能量损失，并且能量损失的模式对应于反冲质子的行进方向。