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公开(公告)号：US07553904B2
公开(公告)日：2009-06-30
申请号：US11225607
申请日：2005-09-12
申请人： Joseph D. Lichtenhan , Qibo Liu , Yan-Jyh Lee , Xuan Fu , Sukhendu Hait , Joseph J. Schwab , Rusty L. Blanski , Patrick N. Ruth
发明人： Joseph D. Lichtenhan , Qibo Liu , Yan-Jyh Lee , Xuan Fu , Sukhendu Hait , Joseph J. Schwab , Rusty L. Blanski , Patrick N. Ruth
IPC分类号： C08L83/00
CPC分类号： C08K5/549 , Y10T428/31663
摘要： A method of using olefin containing nanostructured chemicals and silanol containing nanostructured chemicals as high temperature resins is described. Vinyl containing nanostructured chemicals are particularity effective in thermosets as they control the motions of polymer chains, and segments, at the molecular level. Silanol containing nanostructured chemicals are particularity effective in thermosets containing polar groups as the silanol can enhance the reactivity of these groups. Because of their tailorable compatibility with fluorinated polymers, nanostructured chemicals can be readily and selectively incorporated into polymers by direct blending and polymerization processes. The incorporation of a nanostructured chemical into a polymer favorably impacts a multitude of polymer physical properties. Properties most favorably improved are heat distortion and flammability characteristics, permeability, optical properties, texture, feel and durability. Other properties improved include time dependent mechanical and thermal properties such as creep, compression set, shrinkage, modulus, and hardness. In addition to mechanical properties, other physical properties are favorably improved, including lower thermal conductivity, and gas oxygen permeability. These improved properties may be useful in a number of applications, including composite materials, foams, cosmetics, and durable coatings.
摘要翻译： 描述了使用含烯烃的纳米结构化学品和含硅烷醇的纳米结构化学品作为高温树脂的方法。 含乙烯基纳米结构化学品在热固性材料中特别有效，因为它们在分子水平上控制聚合物链和链段的运动。 含硅烷醇的纳米结构化学品在含极性基团的热固性材料中是特别有效的，因为硅烷醇可增强这些基团的反应性。 由于它们与氟化聚合物的可定制的相容性，纳米结构化学物质可以通过直接共混和聚合过程容易且选择性地引入到聚合物中。 将纳米结构化学物质掺入聚合物有利地影响了许多聚合物的物理性质。 性能最有利地提高了热变形和易燃特性，渗透性，光学性能，质地，手感和耐久性。 改进的其它性能包括时间依赖性机械和热性能，如蠕变，压缩永久变形，收缩率，模量和硬度。 除机械性能外，还有其他物理性能得到改善，包括较低的导热系数和气体透氧性。 这些改进的性质可用于许多应用，包括复合材料，泡沫，化妆品和耐用涂层。
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公开(公告)号：US20080020213A1
公开(公告)日：2008-01-24
申请号：US11225607
申请日：2005-09-12
申请人： Joseph Lichtenhan , Qibo Liu , Yan-Jyh Lee , Xuan Fu , Sukhendu Hait , Joseph Schwab , Rusty Blanski , Patrick Ruth
发明人： Joseph Lichtenhan , Qibo Liu , Yan-Jyh Lee , Xuan Fu , Sukhendu Hait , Joseph Schwab , Rusty Blanski , Patrick Ruth
IPC分类号： B32B9/04
CPC分类号： C08K5/549 , Y10T428/31663
摘要： A method of using olefin containing nanostructured chemicals and silanol containing nanostructured chemicals as high temperature resins is described. Vinyl containing nanostructured chemicals are particularity effective in thermosets as they control the motions of polymer chains, and segments, at the molecular level. Silanol containing nanostructured chemicals are particularity effective in thermosets containing polar groups as the silanol can enhance the reactivity of these groups. Because of their tailorable compatibility with fluorinated polymers, nanostructured chemicals can be readily and selectively incorporated into polymers by direct blending and polymerization processes. The incorporation of a nanostructured chemical into a polymer favorably impacts a multitude of polymer physical properties. Properties most favorably improved are heat distortion and flammability characteristics, permeability, optical properties, texture, feel and durability. Other properties improved include time dependent mechanical and thermal properties such as creep, compression set, shrinkage, modulus, and hardness. In addition to mechanical properties, other physical properties are favorably improved, including lower thermal conductivity, and gas oxygen permeability. These improved properties may be useful in a number of applications, including composite materials, foams, cosmetics, and durable coatings.
摘要翻译： 描述了使用含烯烃的纳米结构化学品和含硅烷醇的纳米结构化学品作为高温树脂的方法。 含乙烯基纳米结构化学品在热固性材料中特别有效，因为它们在分子水平上控制聚合物链和链段的运动。 含硅烷醇的纳米结构化学品在含极性基团的热固性材料中是特别有效的，因为硅烷醇可增强这些基团的反应性。 由于它们与氟化聚合物的可定制的相容性，纳米结构化学物质可以通过直接共混和聚合过程容易且选择性地引入到聚合物中。 将纳米结构化学物质掺入聚合物有利地影响了许多聚合物的物理性质。 性能最有利地提高了热变形和易燃特性，渗透性，光学性能，质地，手感和耐久性。 改进的其它性能包括时间依赖性机械和热性能，如蠕变，压缩永久变形，收缩率，模量和硬度。 除机械性能外，还有其他物理性能得到改善，包括较低的导热系数和气体透氧性。 这些改进的性质可用于许多应用，包括复合材料，泡沫，化妆品和耐用涂层。
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公开(公告)号：US06927270B2
公开(公告)日：2005-08-09
申请号：US10186318
申请日：2002-06-27
IPC分类号： C07F7/07 , C08G20060101 , C08G77/00 , C08G77/06
摘要： Efficient processes have been developed for the cost effective functionalization of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxane-silanols (POSS-Silanols) and for the manufacture of polyfunctional polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes. The processes utilize the action of bases or acids on silane coupling agents. The preferred process utilizes base to promote the silylation of POSS-Silanols of the formula [(RSiO1.5)n(R(HO)SiO1.0)m]Σ# with silane coupling agents to form POSS species with functionalized incompletely condensed nanostructures [(RSiO1.5)n(R(YSiR2O)SiO1.0)m]Σ# or functionalized completely condensed nanostructures [(RSiO1.5)n(YSiO1.5)1]Σ#. The process can alternately be conducted with acids. A second process utilizes base to alkylate POSS-Silanols with functionalized alkyl halides. A third related process utilizes base to react with silane coupling agents to form polyfunctional, fully condensed POSS species of formula [(YSiO1.5)n]Σ#. This process can also alternately be conducted under acidic conditions. Each of the processes result in new POSS compositions that can undergo additional desirable chemical reactions or which are directly suitable for polymerization or grafting into polymeric materials. POSS frameworks containing silanol and other reactive functionalities suitable for polymerizations have previously been described as valuable co-monomers in polymerizations and as feed-stocks for the preparation of a diverse number of chemical agents that are useful in polymeric materials in biological applications, and for the modification of surfaces.
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公开(公告)号：US06972312B1
公开(公告)日：2005-12-06
申请号：US09631892
申请日：2000-08-04
申请人： Joseph D. Lichtenhan , Joseph J. Schwab , Yi-Zong An , William Reinerth , Michael J. Carr , Frank J. Feher , Raquel Terroba , Qibo Liu
发明人： Joseph D. Lichtenhan , Joseph J. Schwab , Yi-Zong An , William Reinerth , Michael J. Carr , Frank J. Feher , Raquel Terroba , Qibo Liu
CPC分类号： C08G77/04 , C08G77/045 , C08G77/06 , C08G77/08
摘要： Three processes for the manufacture of polyhedral oligomeric silsesquioxanes (POSS) which utilize the action of bases that are capable of either attacking silicon or any compound that can react with a protic solvent (e.g. ROH, H2O etc.) and generate hydroxide [OH]−, alkoxide [RO]−′, etc. The first process utilizes such bases to effectively redistribute the silicon-oxygen frameworks in polymeric silsesquioxanes [RSiO1.5]28 where ∞=1-1,000,000 or higher into POSS nanostructures of formulas [(RSiO1.5)nΣ#, homoleptic, [(RXSiO1.5)n]Σ#, functionalized homoleptic, [(RSiO1.5)m(R′SiO1.5)n]Σ#, heteroleptic, and {(RSiO1.5)m(RXSiO1.0)n}Σ#, functionalized heteroleptic nanostructures. The second process utilizes base to aid in the formation of POSS nanostructures of formulas [(RSiO1.5)n]Σ# homoleptic and [(RSiO1.5)m(R′SiO1.5)n]Σ# heteroleptic and [(RSiO1.5)m(RXSiO1.0)n]Σ# functionalized heteroleptic nanostructures from silanes RSiX3 and linear or cyclic silsesquioxanes of the formula RX2Si—(OSiRX)m—OSiRX2 where m=0-10, X=OH, Cl, Br, I, alkoxide OR, acetate OOCR, peroxide OOR, amine NR2, isocyanate NCO, and R. The third process utilizes base to selectively ring-open the silicon-oxygen-silicon (Si—O—Si) bonds in POSS structures to form POSS species with incompletely condensed nanostructures. These processes also afford stereochemical control over X. The three processes result in new POSS species that can undergo additional chemical manipulations to ultimately be converted into POSS-species suitable for polymerization, grafting, or other desirable chemical reactions.
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