Steam turbine fuzzy logic cyclic control method and apparatus therefor
    1.
    发明授权
    Steam turbine fuzzy logic cyclic control method and apparatus therefor 失效
    汽轮机模糊逻辑循环控制方法及装置

    公开(公告)号:US5517424A

    公开(公告)日:1996-05-14

    申请号:US221746

    申请日:1994-03-31

    IPC分类号: H02J3/00 H02J3/12

    摘要: A method for automated control of a steam turbine during cyclic operation includes the steps of comparing current turbine loading with an anticipated load profile to generate a load error signal. Anticipated electrical load profiles correspond to the time of day, day of the week, month of the year, and historical data; operator input can vary such historical profiles as appropriate for unusual situations. The predicted load profile is categorized with respect to selected composite electrical load cycle profiles; weighted operating constraints are generated by means of a fuzzy inference calculation using electrical cycle profiles selected to correspond to the anticipated electrical load profile. Control signals for selected steam plant regulatory functions, such as steam supply valve position and boiler pressure, are produced by applying the fuzzy logic-generated weighted operating constraints and the load error signal so as to optimize turbine load-following efficacy, steam plant efficiency, and machinery stress reduction. These control signals are then applied to respective regulatory function actuators in the steam plant to implement the desired trajectory of steam plant operation.

    摘要翻译: 在循环操作期间自动控制蒸汽轮机的方法包括将当前涡轮机负载与预期负载曲线进行比较以产生负载误差信号的步骤。 预期的电气负载曲线对应于一天中的时间,一周中的一天,一年中的一个月和历史数据; 操作员输入可以根据不寻常的情况改变这样的历史概况。 相对于所选择的复合电力负载循环曲线分类预测负载曲线; 通过使用选择为对应于预期电气负载曲线的电气循环轮廓的模糊推理计算来生成加权操作约束。 通过应用模糊逻辑生成的加权操作约束和负载误差信号来产生选定的蒸汽设备调节功能(如蒸汽供应阀位置和锅炉压力)的控制信号,以优化涡轮机负载跟随功效,蒸汽发电厂效率, 并减少机械应力。 然后将这些控制信号施加到蒸汽设备中的相应的调节功能致动器以实现蒸汽设备操作的期望轨迹。

    Toasters
    2.
    发明授权
    Toasters 失效
    烤面包机

    公开(公告)号:US4404899A

    公开(公告)日:1983-09-20

    申请号:US139192

    申请日:1980-04-11

    申请人: Joseph Weiss

    发明人: Joseph Weiss

    IPC分类号: A47J37/08

    CPC分类号: A47J37/0814

    摘要: The means shown and described in the specifications to activate the covers can be modified and/or varied using different means. A year of evaluating and testing a working model of a toaster using the disclosed design proved it to be economically alnd practically superior over other means being considered. Its means of operation prevented damaging of food which, for any reason, protruded out of the toaster's receptacles. The normal operation of the toaster is not affected. The covers do not interfere with the pop up of the toaster. The versatility of the covers' design permits it to be utilized to cover the receptacles to keep the toast warm after toasting without the use of electrical energy, and to cover the receptacles when the toaster is not being used. Better tasting toast is produced as the result of convection toasting effected by the covering of the receptacles.

    摘要翻译: 用于激活盖子的说明书中所示和描述的装置可以使用不同的手段来修改和/或变化。 使用公开设计评估和测试烤面包机工作模式的一年证明,在其他被考虑的方式上,它在经济上比实际上更优越。 其操作手段阻止了因任何原因从烤面包机容器中突出出来的食物的损坏。 烤面包机的正常运行不受影响。 盖子不会干扰烤面包机的弹出。 盖子设计的多功能性允许它用于覆盖容器,以在烘烤后保持烤面包不用电能,并且在不使用烤面包机时覆盖容器。 由于容器的覆盖物进行对流烘烤,产生更好的品尝吐司吐司。