公开(公告)号：US4486080A

公开(公告)日：1984-12-04

申请号：US259622

申请日：1981-05-01

申请人： Kiyoshi Itoh ,  Yukiyasu Nishikawa ,  Shuji Hoshika ,  Masato Hara ,  Hideyuki Ishiai ,  Ikuzo Okamoto ,  Osamu Shindow

发明人： Kiyoshi Itoh ,  Yukiyasu Nishikawa ,  Shuji Hoshika ,  Masato Hara ,  Hideyuki Ishiai ,  Ikuzo Okamoto ,  Osamu Shindow

IPC分类号： A61B3/10 ,  A61B5/11 ,  A61B3/14 ,  G03B29/00

CPC分类号： A61B5/1103 ,  A61B3/10 ,  A61B5/6821

摘要： An opthalmological instrument including a blinking detecting device for positively detecting when an eye is blinking to thereby eliminate errors in optical measurements due to variations in the signal light produced by the blinking. An optical system receives light beams reflected from a portion of an eye under examination to form an image of the front portion of the eye in an image plane. An image pickup element is disposed at the image plane and produces an output video signal in response thereto. A detecting circuit which receives the video signal determines whether or not the image pickup element exceeds a predetermined threshold value. If the threshold value is not exceeded, an indication is produced that blinking has occurred.

摘要翻译： 一种眼科仪器，包括一个闪烁检测装置，用于积极地检测眼睛何时闪烁，从而消除由于眨眼产生的信号光的变化导致的光学测量误差。 光学系统接收从被检查的眼睛的一部分反射的光束，以在图像平面中形成眼睛前部的图像。 图像拾取元件设置在图像平面处，并响应于此产生输出视频信号。 接收视频信号的检测电路确定图像拾取元件是否超过预定阈值。 如果不超过阈值，则会产生发生闪烁的指示。

公开(公告)号：US4540253A

公开(公告)日：1985-09-10

申请号：US635472

申请日：1984-07-30

申请人： Shuji Hoshika ,  Hideyuki Ishiai ,  Yukiyasu Nishikawa ,  Masato Hara ,  Hirochika Aiura ,  Ikuzo Okamoto ,  Osamu Shindow

发明人： Shuji Hoshika ,  Hideyuki Ishiai ,  Yukiyasu Nishikawa ,  Masato Hara ,  Hirochika Aiura ,  Ikuzo Okamoto ,  Osamu Shindow

IPC分类号： A61B3/103 ,  A61B3/14

CPC分类号： A61B3/103

摘要： A method and apparatus for measuring eye refraction errors in which a plurality of infrared patterns are projected onto an eye to be measured. The reflected light is directed onto corresponding light sensitive detectors the outputs of which are coupled through bandpass filters, an automatic gain control circuit and an A/D converter to a microprocessor. The microprocessor analyses the digitized outputs calculating refraction powers in accordance with a disclosed nonlinear regression technique. The refraction errors of the eye, along with a reliability coefficient, are calculated in accordance with the thusly determined refraction powers.

摘要翻译： 一种用于测量眼睛折射误差的方法和装置，其中将多个红外图案投影到要测量的眼睛上。 反射光被引导到对应的光敏检测器，其输出通过带通滤波器耦合，自动增益控制电路和A / D转换器耦合到微处理器。 微处理器根据公开的非线性回归技术分析计算折射能力的数字化输出。 根据所确定的折射能量计算眼睛的折射误差以及可靠性系数。

公开(公告)号：US4432617A

公开(公告)日：1984-02-21

申请号：US225221

申请日：1981-01-15

申请人： Kiyoshi Itoh ,  Yukiyasu Nishikawa ,  Shuji Hoshika ,  Ikuzo Okamoto

发明人： Kiyoshi Itoh ,  Yukiyasu Nishikawa ,  Shuji Hoshika ,  Ikuzo Okamoto

IPC分类号： A61B3/10 ,  A61B3/103

CPC分类号： A61B3/103

摘要： A device for measuring the refractive error of an eye in which refractive powers in a plurality of longitudinal directions are simultaneously measured with a high S-N ratio with a high accuracy. A movable chart is provided in a predetermined direction in a plane perpendicular to an optical axis of an optical system which projects the image of the chart onto the retina of the eye being examined. Measuring means measures the refractive error of the eye in accordance with the state of the optical system at the position thereof at which the image projected onto the retina is in focus. The chart has plural striped patterns which are oriented at different angles from one another.

摘要翻译： 用于测量眼睛的屈光不正的装置，其中以高精度同时以高S-N比测量多个纵向方向上的折射力。 在垂直于光学系统的光轴的平面中沿预定方向设置活动图，该光学系统将图表的图像投影到被检眼的视网膜上。 测量装置根据在投影到视网膜上的图像焦点的位置处的光学系统的状态来测量眼睛的屈光不正。 该图表具有以彼此不同的角度定向的多个条纹图案。

公开(公告)号：US4083055A

公开(公告)日：1978-04-04

申请号：US667533

申请日：1976-03-17

申请人： Yukiyasu Nishikawa ,  Takuo Itagaki

发明人： Yukiyasu Nishikawa ,  Takuo Itagaki

IPC分类号： G03B7/091 ,  G01J1/44 ,  G03B17/18 ,  G03B7/08

CPC分类号： G03B17/18

摘要： An exposure information quantizing circuit. A current signal source generates a signal current to be quantized. A controllable bidirectional shift register has a series of bit positions and corresponding signal receiving outputs and is operable to shift a bit sequentially from one position to the next. Each position corresponds to a different divisional range of the signal to be quantized. A unique signal appears only at the output corresponding to the position containing a bit. Means comprises at least one further reference current source responsive to the outputs of the shift register for forming at least a pair of signals corresponding to opposite ends of the divisional range for each output of the shift register. A first logarithmic compression means is coupled to the signal current source for forming a first reference voltage proportional to the logarithm of the signal current. At least one further logarithmic compression means is coupled to the at least one further reference current source for causing the pair of signals to form first and second reference signals proportional to the logarithm of the at least one further reference current source. A voltage comparator forms a direction of shift control signal for the shift register in accordance with comparison thereby of the magnitude of the signal voltage with that of the first and second reference voltages. A source of shift control pulses is provided for the shift register.

公开(公告)号：US4080610A

公开(公告)日：1978-03-21

申请号：US683846

申请日：1976-05-06

申请人： Yukiyasu Nishikawa ,  Takuo Itagaki

发明人： Yukiyasu Nishikawa ,  Takuo Itagaki

IPC分类号： G03B7/093 ,  G03B7/083 ,  G03B17/18 ,  G03B7/08

CPC分类号： G03B7/083 ,  G03B17/18

摘要： A closed-loop circuit arrangement sequentially operates in a tracking mode before the shutter of a single lens reflex camera is actuated, and then in a holding mode after the shutter is actuated. The circuit arrangement receives from a conventional photoelectric circuit a first analog signal that instantaneously represents exposure time so long as light entering the camera impinges on the photoelectric circuit. A register in the circuit arrangement provides a digital multi-bit signal that is converted to a second analog signal. The first and second analog signals are compared to produce an error signal used during the tracking mode in controlling the register so that the digital multi-bit signal varies until the first and second analog signals represent the same exposure time. After the shutter is actuated, the register serves as a memory thereby causing the second analog signal to statically represent exposure time.

摘要翻译： 在单镜头反光相机的快门被致动之前，然后在快门被致动之后处于保持模式下，闭环电路装置依次以跟踪模式操作。 只要入射到相机的光照射在光电路上，电路装置从传统的光电路接收瞬时表示曝光时间的第一模拟信号。 电路装置中的寄存器提供转换成第二模拟信号的数字多位信号。 对第一和​​第二模拟信号进行比较，以产生在跟踪模式期间用于控制寄存器的误差信号，使得数字多位信号变化，直到第一和第二模拟信号表示相同的曝光时间。 在快门被激活之后，寄存器用作存储器，从而使得第二模拟信号静态地表示曝光时间。