Noninvasive prenatal genotyping of fetal sex chromosomes

    公开(公告)号:US10152568B2

    公开(公告)日:2018-12-11

    申请号:US13978358

    申请日:2012-01-05

    IPC分类号: G06F19/18 C12Q1/6883

    摘要: Methods, apparatuses, and system are provided for analyzing a maternal sample to determine whether a male fetus of a pregnant female has inherited an X-linked mutation from the mother. A percentage of fetal DNA in the sample is obtained, and cutoff values for the two possibilities (fetus inherits mutant or normal allele) are determined. A proportion of mutant alleles relative to a normal allele on the X-chromosome can then be compared to the cutoff values to make a classification of which allele is inherited. Alternatively, a number of alleles from a target region on the X-chromosome can be compared to a number of alleles from a reference region on the X-chromosome to identify a deletion or amplification. The fetal DNA percentage can be computed by counting reactions with a fetal-specific allele, and correcting the number to account for a statistical distribution among the reactions.

    Detection of genetic or molecular aberrations associated with cancer
    5.
    发明授权
    Detection of genetic or molecular aberrations associated with cancer 有权
    检测与癌症相关的遗传或分子畸变

    公开(公告)号:US08741811B2

    公开(公告)日:2014-06-03

    申请号:US13308473

    申请日:2011-11-30

    IPC分类号: C40B30/02 C12Q1/68 G06F19/18

    摘要: Biological samples including cell-free DNA fragments are analyzed to identify imbalances in chromosomal regions, e.g., due to deletions and/or amplifications in a tumor. Multiple loci are used for each chromosomal region. Such imbalances can then be used to diagnose (screen) a patient for cancer, as well as prognosticate a patient with cancer, or to detect the presence or to monitor the progress of a premalignant condition in a patient. The severity of an imbalance as well as the number of regions exhibiting an imbalance can be used. A systematic analysis of non-overlapping segments of a genome can provide a general screening tool for a sample. Additionally, a patient can be tested over time to track severity of each of one or more chromosomal regions and a number of chromosomal regions to enable screening and prognosticating, as well as monitoring of progress (e.g. after treatment).

    摘要翻译: 分析包括无细胞DNA片段的生物样品,以鉴定染色体区域中的不平衡,例如由于肿瘤中的缺失和/或扩增。 每个染色体区域使用多个基因座。 然后可以将这种不平衡用于诊断(筛选)患者癌症,以及预测患有癌症的患者,或者检测病人的存在或监测恶化前状况的进展情况。 可以使用不平衡的严重性以及表现出不平衡的区域的数量。 对基因组的非重叠片段的系统分析可以为样品提供一般的筛选工具。 此外,可以随时间测试患者以跟踪一个或多个染色体区域和多个染色体区域中的每一个的严重性,以使得能够进行筛选和预测,以及监测进展(例如,治疗后)。

    NONINVASIVE PRENATAL GENOTYPING OF FETAL SEX CHROMOSOMES
    6.
    发明申请
    NONINVASIVE PRENATAL GENOTYPING OF FETAL SEX CHROMOSOMES 审中-公开
    阴性染色体的非侵入性预测基因

    公开(公告)号:US20140019064A1

    公开(公告)日:2014-01-16

    申请号:US13978358

    申请日:2012-01-05

    IPC分类号: G06F19/18

    摘要: Methods, apparatuses, and system are provided for analyzing a maternal sample to determine whether a male fetus of a pregnant female has inherited an X-linked mutation from the mother. A percentage of fetal DNA in the sample is obtained, and cutoff values for the two possibilities (fetus inherits mutant or normal allele) are determined. A proportion of mutant alleles relative to a normal allele on the X-chromosome can then be compared to the cutoff values to make a classification of which allele is inherited. Alternatively, a number of alleles from a target region on the X-chromosome can be compared to a number of alleles from a reference region on the X-chromosome to identify a deletion or amplification. The fetal DNA percentage can be computed by counting reactions with a fetal-specific allele, and correcting the number to account for a statistical distribution among the reactions.

    摘要翻译: 提供方法,装置和系统用于分析母体样品以确定怀孕女性的雄性胎儿是否从母亲遗传了X连锁突变。 获得样品中胎儿DNA的百分比,确定两种可能性(胎儿遗传突变体或正常等位基因)的临界值。 然后将相对于X染色体上的正常等位基因的突变体等位基因的一部分与截断值进行比较,以对哪个等位基因进行遗传分类。 或者,可以将来自X染色体上的目标区域的多个等位基因与来自X染色体上的参考区域的多个等位基因进行比较以鉴定缺失或扩增。 胎儿DNA百分比可以通过计数与胎儿特异性等位基因的反应来计算,并且校正数量以解释反应之间的统计分布。

    DETECTION OF GENETIC OR MOLECULAR ABERRATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH CANCER
    8.
    发明申请
    DETECTION OF GENETIC OR MOLECULAR ABERRATIONS ASSOCIATED WITH CANCER 有权
    检测与癌症相关的遗传或分子遗传异常

    公开(公告)号:US20130040824A1

    公开(公告)日:2013-02-14

    申请号:US13308473

    申请日:2011-11-30

    摘要: Biological samples including cell-free DNA fragments are analyzed to identify imbalances in chromosomal regions, e.g., due to deletions and/or amplifications in a tumor. Multiple loci are used for each chromosomal region. Such imbalances can then be used to diagnose (screen) a patient for cancer, as well as prognosticate a patient with cancer, or to detect the presence or to monitor the progress of a premalignant condition in a patient. The severity of an imbalance as well as the number of regions exhibiting an imbalance can be used. A systematic analysis of non-overlapping segments of a genome can provide a general screening tool for a sample. Additionally, a patient can be tested over time to track severity of each of one or more chromosomal regions and a number of chromosomal regions to enable screening and prognosticating, as well as monitoring of progress (e.g. after treatment).

    摘要翻译: 分析包括无细胞DNA片段的生物样品,以鉴定染色体区域中的不平衡,例如由于肿瘤中的缺失和/或扩增。 每个染色体区域使用多个基因座。 然后可以将这种不平衡用于诊断(筛选)患者癌症,以及预测患有癌症的患者,或者检测病人的存在或监测恶化前状况的进展情况。 可以使用不平衡的严重性以及表现出不平衡的区域的数量。 对基因组的非重叠片段的系统分析可以为样品提供一般的筛选工具。 此外,可以随时间测试患者以跟踪一个或多个染色体区域和多个染色体区域中的每一个的严重性,以使得能够进行筛选和预测,以及监测进展(例如,治疗后)。

    Size-based genomic analysis
    10.
    发明授权
    Size-based genomic analysis 有权
    基于大小的基因组分析

    公开(公告)号:US08620593B2

    公开(公告)日:2013-12-31

    申请号:US12940992

    申请日:2010-11-05

    IPC分类号: G06F19/00 G11C17/00 C12Q1/68

    摘要: Systems, methods, and apparatuses for performing a prenatal diagnosis of a sequence imbalance are provided. A shift (e.g. to a smaller size distribution) can signify an imbalance in certain circumstances. For example, a size distribution of fragments of nucleic acids from an at-risk chromosome can be used to determine a fetal chromosomal aneuploidy. A size ranking of different chromosomes can be used to determine changes of a rank of an at-risk chromosome from an expected ranking. Also, a difference between a statistical size value for one chromosome can be compared to a statistical size value of another chromosome to identify a significant shift in size. A genotype and haplotype of the fetus may also be determined using a size distribution to determine whether a sequence imbalance occurs in a maternal sample relative to a genotypes or haplotype of the mother, thereby providing a genotype or haplotype of the fetus.

    摘要翻译: 提供了用于执行序列不平衡的产前诊断的系统,方法和装置。 在某些情况下,偏移(例如,到更小的分布)可以表示不平衡。 例如,可以使用来自高危染色体的核酸片段的大小分布来确定胎儿染色体非整倍体。 可以使用不同染色体的大小排序来从预期排名中确定危险染色体的等级的变化。 而且,一个染色体的统计大小值之间的差异可以与另一个染色体的统计大小值进行比较,以确定大小的显着变化。 也可以使用大小分布来确定胎儿的基因型和单倍型,以确定相对于母体的基因型或单倍型,母体样品中是否发生序列不平衡,从而提供胎儿的基因型或单倍型。