公开(公告)号：US06182085B2

公开(公告)日：2001-01-30

申请号：US09086379

申请日：1998-05-28

申请人： Matthias Eichstaedt ,  Daniel Alexander Ford ,  Tobin Jon Lehman ,  Qi Lu ,  Shang-Hua Teng

发明人： Matthias Eichstaedt ,  Daniel Alexander Ford ,  Tobin Jon Lehman ,  Qi Lu ,  Shang-Hua Teng

IPC分类号： G06F1730

CPC分类号： G06F9/5083 ,  G06F17/30864 ,  Y10S707/99943 ,  Y10S707/99945 ,  Y10S707/99948

摘要： A distributed collection of web-crawlers to gather information over a large portion of the cyberspace. These crawlers share the overall crawling through a cyberspace partition scheme. They also collaborate with each other through load balancing to maximally utilize the computing resources of each of the crawlers. The invention takes advantage of the hierarchical nature of the cyberspace namespace and uses the syntactic components of the URL structure as the main vehicle for dividing and assigning crawling workload to individual crawler. The partition scheme is completely distributed in which each crawler makes the partitioning decision based on its own crawling status and a globally replicated partition tree data structure.

摘要翻译： 分布式的网络爬虫收集器，用于在大量网络空间中收集信息。 这些爬虫共享通过网络空间分区方案的整体爬网。 他们还通过负载平衡相互协作，最大限度地利用每个爬虫的计算资源。 本发明利用了网络空间命名空间的层次性，并将URL结构的句法组件作为将抓取工作量分配给各个爬虫的主要工具。 分区方案是完全分布的，其中每个爬行器根据其自身的爬行状态和全局复制的分区树数据结构进行分区决定。

公开(公告)号：US06654735B1

公开(公告)日：2003-11-25

申请号：US09227225

申请日：1999-01-08

申请人： Matthias Eichstaedt ,  Qi Lu ,  Shang-Hua Teng

发明人： Matthias Eichstaedt ,  Qi Lu ,  Shang-Hua Teng

IPC分类号： G06F1730

CPC分类号： G06F17/30867 ,  Y10S707/917 ,  Y10S707/922 ,  Y10S707/99932 ,  Y10S707/99933 ,  Y10S707/99939

摘要： A system for automatically generating user interest profiles and delivering information to users learns a user's interests by monitoring the user's outbound communication streams, i.e., the information that the user produces either by typing (e.g., while a user is composing an e-mail message or editing a word processor document) or by speaking (e.g., while a user is engaged in a phone conversation or listening to a lecture). The system uses the monitored text to build (and possibly update) a user interest profile. The profile is constructed from current text generated by the user, so that the retrieved information reflects present user interests. In addition, the profile may also retain past user interests, so that the profile reflects a combination of past and present user interests. The system then automatically queries diverse databases for information relevant to the interest profile. The databases may include internet web pages, files stored on the user's local network, and other local or remote data repositories. The queries may use a combination of internet search engines, the specific selection of which may depend upon the nature and/or content of the queries. The information retrieved in response to the queries is then presented to the user. The retrieved information may contain, for example, answers to questions that the user might ask and/or data related to the user's current and continuing interests. Because a user's current speech or typed text is highly correlated with the user's current interests, the retrieved information will be relevant to the user's actual interests. The communication stream monitoring, interest profile building, data base querying, and presentation of retrieved information are all performed automatically, in real time, and in the background of current user activities.

摘要翻译： 用于自动生成用户兴趣简档并向用户传递信息的系统通过监视用户的出站通信流来学习用户的兴趣，即用户通过键入产生的信息（例如，当用户正在撰写电子邮件消息或 编辑文字处理器文档）或通过说话（例如，当用户进行电话交谈或听讲座时）。 系统使用受监控的文本构建（并可能更新）用户兴趣简档。 该配置文件由用户生成的当前文本构建，以便所检索的信息反映了用户的兴趣。 此外，简档也可以保留过去的用户兴趣，使得简档反映了过去和现在的用户兴趣的组合。 然后，系统会自动查询不同的数据库以获取与兴趣资料相关的信息。 数据库可以包括互联网网页，存储在用户的本地网络上的文件以及其他本地或远程数据存储库。 查询可以使用互联网搜索引擎的组合，其特定选择可以取决于查询的性质和/或内容。 然后将响应于查询检索的信息呈现给用户。 检索到的信息可以包含例如用户可能询问的问题的答案和/或与用户当前和持续兴趣相关的数据。 由于用户当前的语音或类型的文本与用户当前的兴趣高度相关，所检索的信息将与用户的实际兴趣相关。 通信流监控，兴趣信息构建，数据库查询和检索信息的呈现都是在当前用户活动的背景下实时自动执行的。

公开(公告)号：US06385619B1

公开(公告)日：2002-05-07

申请号：US09227117

申请日：1999-01-08

申请人： Matthias Eichstaedt ,  Qi Lu ,  Shang-Hua Teng

发明人： Matthias Eichstaedt ,  Qi Lu ,  Shang-Hua Teng

IPC分类号： G06F1730

CPC分类号： G06F17/30867 ,  Y10S707/956 ,  Y10S707/99931 ,  Y10S707/99932 ,  Y10S707/99935 ,  Y10S707/99936 ,  Y10S707/99945

摘要： A system generates user interest profiles by monitoring and analyzing a user's access to a variety of hierarchical levels within a set of structured documents, e.g., documents available at a web site. Each information document has parts associated with it and the documents are classified into categories using a known taxonomy. The user interest profiles are automatically generated based on the type of content viewed by the user. The type of content is determined by the text within the parts of the documents viewed and the classifications of the documents viewed. In addition, the profiles also are generated based on other factors including the frequency and currency of visits to documents having a given classification, and/or the hierarchical depth of the levels or parts of the documents viewed. User profiles include an interest category code and an interest score to indicate a level of interest in a particular category. The profiles are updated automatically to accurately reflect the current interests of an individual, as well as past interests. A time-dependent decay factor is applied to the past interests. The system presents to the user documents or references to documents that match the current profile.

摘要翻译： 系统通过监视和分析用户对一组结构化文档（例如，在网站上可获得的文档）中的各种层级的访问来生成用户兴趣简档。 每个信息文档都具有与之相关的部分，并且使用已知分类法将文档分类为类别。 基于用户观看的内容类型，自动生成用户兴趣简档。 内容的类型由所查阅文档的部分内容和查看的文档的分类决定。 另外，还可以基于包括对具有给定分类的文档的访问的频率和货币的其他因素和/或所查看的文档的级别或部分的分级深度来生成简档。 用户资料包括兴趣类别代码和利益分数，以指示特定类别的兴趣水平。 配置文件将自动更新，以准确反映个人的当前利益以及过去的兴趣。 时间依赖衰变因子适用于过去的兴趣。 系统向用户提供与当前配置文件匹配的文档或文档。

公开(公告)号：US06169989A

公开(公告)日：2001-01-02

申请号：US09082747

申请日：1998-05-21

申请人： Matthias Eichstaedt ,  Qi Lu ,  Shang-Hua Teng

发明人： Matthias Eichstaedt ,  Qi Lu ,  Shang-Hua Teng

IPC分类号： G06F1700

CPC分类号： G06Q30/0283 ,  G06F17/30867 ,  Y10S707/99932 ,  Y10S707/99945

摘要： A method and apparatus for efficiently matching a large collection of user profiles against a large volume of data in a webcasting system. The invention generally includes in one embodiment four steps to parallelize the profiles. First, an initial profile set is partitioned into several subsets also referred to as sub-partitions using various heuristic methods. Second, each sub-partition is mapped onto one or more independent processing units. Each processing unit is not required to have equal processing performance. However, for best performance results, subset data should be mapped in one embodiment where the subset with a highest cost is mapped to a fastest processor, and the next highest cost subset mapped to the next fastest processor. Where appropriate, the invention evaluates the relative subset processing speed of each processor and adjusts future subset mapping based upon these evaluations. For each information item I that needs to be matched with a profile predicate, a third and a fourth step are executed. The third step broadcasts I to all processing units, and a fourth step performs a sequential profile match on I.

摘要翻译： 一种用于在网络广播系统中有效地匹配大量用户简档与大量数据的方法和装置。 本发明通常在一个实施例中包括四个步骤来并行化轮廓。 首先，使用各种启发式方法将初始配置文件集划分为几个也称为子分区的子集。 第二，每个子分区映射到一个或多个独立的处理单元。 每个处理单元不需要具有相同的处理性能。 然而，为获得最佳性能结果，应在一个实施例中映射子集数据，其中具有最高成本的子集被映射到最快的处理器，并且将下一个最高成本子集映射到下一个最快的处理器。 在适当的情况下，本发明评估每个处理器的相对子集处理速度，并根据这些评估调整未来的子集映射。 对于需要与配置文件谓词匹配的每个信息项I，执行第三和第四步骤。 第三步将I广播到所有处理单元，第四步对I执行顺序配置文件匹配。

公开(公告)号：US06218958B1

公开(公告)日：2001-04-17

申请号：US09168630

申请日：1998-10-08

申请人： Matthias Eichstaedt ,  Qi Lu

发明人： Matthias Eichstaedt ,  Qi Lu

IPC分类号： G08B522

CPC分类号： G08B6/00 ,  H04M19/047

摘要： A tactile notification device that can be embodied in, e.g., a wristwatch, communicates via wireless link with plural personal computing devices, including cellular telephones, pagers, and palm top computers, of the person wearing the notification device. When one of the personal computing devices alerts, e.g., when the telephone receives an incoming call, the pager receives a page, or the palm top computer receives an email, the personal computing device sends a signal to the notification device, which generates a discrete tactile signal against the person's skin. The notification device can generate different tactile signals, and each tactile signal can be correlated as desired by the user to one of the personal computing devices. In one embodiment, opposed pinch bars are provided on the skin-facing tactile surface of a wristwatch to gently pinch the skin and thereby establish a first tactile signal that can be correlated to, for example, an alert for an incoming phone call. Also, a rotating bar can be provided on the tactile surface of the wristwatch, and the tactile signal that corresponds to, e.g., an incoming page can be established by rotating the bar against the skin.

摘要翻译： 可以体现在例如手表中的触觉通知装置通过无线连接与携带通知装置的人的多个个人计算设备（包括蜂窝电话，寻呼机和掌上电脑）进行通信。 当个人计算设备中的一个提醒时，例如，当电话接收到来电时，寻呼机接收页面，或者掌上电脑接收到电子邮件，个人计算设备向通知设备发送信号，该信号产生离散 对人的皮肤的触觉信号。 通知装置可以产生不同的触觉信号，并且每个触觉信号可以根据用户的需要与个人计算设备之一相关联。 在一个实施例中，相对的夹杆设置在手表的面向皮肤的触感表面上，以轻轻地夹紧皮肤，从而建立可以与例如呼入电话的警报相关联的第一触觉信号。 此外，可以在手表的触感表面上设置旋转杆，并且可以通过使杆相对于皮肤旋转来建立与例如输入页对应的触觉信号。

公开(公告)号：US06381594B1

公开(公告)日：2002-04-30

申请号：US09613436

申请日：2000-07-11

申请人： Matthias Eichstaedt ,  Ashvinkumar P. Patel ,  Qi Lu ,  Udi Manber ,  Kristine Rudkin

发明人： Matthias Eichstaedt ,  Ashvinkumar P. Patel ,  Qi Lu ,  Udi Manber ,  Kristine Rudkin

IPC分类号： G06F1730

CPC分类号： G06F17/30702 ,  G06F17/30867 ,  Y10S707/99933 ,  Y10S707/99945

摘要： A search engine that forms a compact representation of a plurality of user queries to efficiently find desired information in an information network. The search engine comprises a profile processor having logic to receive the queries from the users and a search module. The search module is coupled to the profile processor and has logic to receive the information content, to combine the user queries into a master query, and to match the master query with the information content to determine matching content. The search engine also includes logic to analyze the matching content to determine if any of the queries has been satisfied.

摘要翻译： 搜索引擎，其形成多个用户查询的紧凑表示，以有效地在信息网络中找到所需信息。 搜索引擎包括具有用于接收来自用户和搜索模块的查询的逻辑的简档处理器。 搜索模块耦合到简档处理器，并且具有接收信息内容的逻辑，将用户查询组合成主查询，并且将主查询与信息内容相匹配以确定匹配内容。 搜索引擎还包括分析匹配内容以确定是否满足任何查询的逻辑。

公开(公告)号：US06822638B2

公开(公告)日：2004-11-23

申请号：US09309037

申请日：1999-05-10

申请人： Joshua M. Dobies ,  Matthias Eichstaedt ,  Qi Lu

发明人： Joshua M. Dobies ,  Matthias Eichstaedt ,  Qi Lu

IPC分类号： G09G508

CPC分类号： G06F3/03543

摘要： A pointing device for entering data into an information processing system for a 3-dimensional graphical user interface. The pointing device comprises: a switch mounted on a pointing device for producing a first signal during actuation by a vertical downward pressure on a first region of the switch; a circuit for coupling the first signal to a Z-axis on a display attached to the information processing system so as to control movement of information along the Z-axis presented on the display. In another embodiment, the switch produces a second signal by a vertical downward pressure on a second region of the switch; and a circuit for coupling the second signal to a Z-axis on the display so as to move information present on the display along the Z-axis in a direction opposite to that of the movement along the Z-axis in response to the first signal.

摘要翻译： 用于将数据输入到用于三维图形用户界面的信息处理系统中的指示设备。 指示装置包括：安装在指示装置上的开关，用于在致动期间通过在开关的第一区域上的垂直向下的压力产生第一信号; 用于将第一信号耦合到附接到信息处理系统的显示器上的Z轴的电路，以便控制沿着呈现在显示器上的Z轴的信息的移动。 在另一个实施例中，开关通过在开关的第二区域上的垂直向下的压力产生第二信号; 以及用于将第二信号耦合到显示器上的Z轴的电路，以便响应于第一信号沿与Z轴方向相反的方向沿着Z轴沿着Z轴移动存在于显示器上的信息 。

公开(公告)号：US06563494B1

公开(公告)日：2003-05-13

申请号：US09168854

申请日：1998-10-08

申请人： Matthias Eichstaedt ,  John Pete Lazarus ,  Qi Lu

发明人： Matthias Eichstaedt ,  John Pete Lazarus ,  Qi Lu

IPC分类号： G09G500

CPC分类号： G06F3/0481 ,  G06F3/03545

摘要： A stylus includes a wireless transceiver, a processor controlling the transceiver, and a data storage device. Data can be selected on a first computer such as a first personal digital assistant (PDA) and then transmitted via wireless link to the stylus, when the user manipulates a button on the stylus to signal to the operating system of the first PDA that it is ready to receive data. The data is transmitted to the stylus and stored therein. Then, the stylus is aimed at a second PDA and the button is manipulated to cause the stylus to transmit the data to the second PDA via wireless link. With this invention, users of the PDAs can, e.g., quickly and efficiently exchange business cards electronically, without excessive manual data entry and without resorting to connecting their PDAs to a network.

摘要翻译： 触笔包括无线收发器，控制收发器的处理器和数据存储设备。 可以在诸如第一个人数字助理（PDA）的第一计算机上选择数据，然后经由无线链路传送到触控笔，当用户操纵触控笔上的按钮以向第一PDA的操作系统发信号 准备接收数据。 数据被传送到触控笔并存储在其中。 然后，触针针对第二PDA，并且操作该按钮以使得触控笔经由无线链路将数据发送到第二PDA。 利用本发明，PDA的用户可以例如快速有效地以电子方式交换名片，而不需要过多的手动数据输入，而不需要将其PDA连接到网络。

公开(公告)号：US6108645A

公开(公告)日：2000-08-22

申请号：US978737

申请日：1997-11-26

申请人： Matthias Eichstaedt ,  Qi Lu

发明人： Matthias Eichstaedt ,  Qi Lu

IPC分类号： G06F17/30

CPC分类号： G06F17/30867 ,  Y10S707/99931 ,  Y10S707/99944

摘要： A method and apparatus for efficiently matching a large collection of user profiles against a large volume of data in a webcasting system. The method removes redundant patterns in user profiles and information content to improve matching performance based on a Boolean-based query language. Users can select desired information content by choosing a set of predicates to assert the properties for each cyberspace document desired. Boolean operators of AND, OR and NOT connect predicates together on the information items that will be pushed to them. The method includes dynamic cost/credit adjustment based profile indexing and matching.

摘要翻译： 一种用于在网络广播系统中有效地匹配大量用户简档与大量数据的方法和装置。 该方法消除用户配置文件和信息内容中的冗余模式，以提高基于布尔型查询语言的匹配性能。 用户可以通过选择一组谓词来选择所需的信息内容，以断言所需的每个网络空间文档的属性。 AND，OR和NOT的布尔运算符在将要推送给它们的信息项上连接谓词。 该方法包括基于动态成本/信用调整的轮廓索引和匹配。

公开(公告)号：US06662230B1

公开(公告)日：2003-12-09

申请号：US09421978

申请日：1999-10-20

申请人： Matthias Eichstaedt ,  Michael Lawrence Emens ,  Reiner Kraft

发明人： Matthias Eichstaedt ,  Michael Lawrence Emens ,  Reiner Kraft

IPC分类号： H04L900

CPC分类号： H04L63/10 ,  G06F21/62 ,  G06F2221/2101 ,  H04L63/1416

摘要： A method for automatically limiting access of a client computer to data objects accessed through a server computer dynamically prevents robots or webcrawlers from obtaining too much of the server database and from dramatically reducing server performance. The method includes the steps of receiving a request for a data object, recording a log entry for the request, calculating client request values, and refusing the request if a client request value exceeds one of a set of corresponding predefined maximum request values. Each log entry contains a client identifier, timestamp, and at least one data object identifier for the request. The client request values preferably include a request frequency, which is compared with a predefined maximum request frequency, and a cumulative data request, which is compared with a data access threshold. If the client is refused access, the client identifier is added to a deny list, and future requests from the client are automatically denied. The calculated cumulative data request may be for a single client, or it may be for all clients, in order to detect a robot that is divided among multiple client identifiers. The cumulative data request check may consider the total percentage of server resources being given away, or a pattern in the requests. Also provided is a data protection system containing a log file, a request analyzer, and a dynamically-generated deny list. Requests to the server are intercepted and sent to the data protection system first.

摘要翻译： 用于自动限制客户端计算机访问通过服务器计算机访问的数据对象的方法可以动态地防止机器人或网络抓取工具获取太多的服务器数据库，并显着降低服务器性能。 该方法包括以下步骤：接收对数据对象的请求，记录请求的日志条目，计算客户端请求值，以及如果客户端请求值超过一组对应的预定义的最大请求值，则拒绝该请求。 每个日志条目包含客户端标识符，时间戳和至少一个请求的数据对象标识符。 客户端请求值优选地包括与预定义的最大请求频率进行比较的请求频率和与数据访问阈值进行比较的累积数据请求。 如果客户端被拒绝访问，则客户机标识符被添加到拒绝列表中，并且来自客户端的未来请求将被自动拒绝。 所计算的累积数据请求可以是针对单个客户端，或者可以是针对所有客户机，以便检测在多个客户端标识符之间划分的机器人。 累积数据请求检查可以考虑给出的服务器资源的总百分比或请求中的模式。 还提供了包含日志文件，请求分析器和动态生成的拒绝列表的数据保护系统。 对服务器的请求被拦截并首先发送到数据保护系统。