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公开(公告)号：US07164136B2
公开(公告)日：2007-01-16
申请号：US10680015
申请日：2003-10-07
申请人： Mehmet Aykac , Matthias J. Schmand , Niraj K. Doshi , Mark S. Andreaco , Lars A. Eriksson , Charles W. Williams , Ronald Nutt
发明人： Mehmet Aykac , Matthias J. Schmand , Niraj K. Doshi , Mark S. Andreaco , Lars A. Eriksson , Charles W. Williams , Ronald Nutt
IPC分类号： G01T3/06
CPC分类号： G01T1/1644 , A61B6/037 , G01T1/2928
摘要： A detector for use in imaging applications includes at least one detector array, an array of photodetectors, and a continuous light guide disposed between the detectors and the photodetectors. The light guide is continuous over the entire area of the photodetectors and detectors. The thickness of the light guide is optimized based on the shape of the photodetector array. Each detector array includes a plurality of scintillator elements disposed in an M×N array, where “M” and “N” are independently selectable and are each at least one. A mechanism for maintaining the relative positions of the individual scintillator elements with respect to each other is provided. The retainer is further provided to enhance the separation between the individual detector arrays to define distinct boundaries between the position profiles of the scintillator arrays.
摘要翻译： 用于成像应用的检测器包括至少一个检测器阵列，光电检测器阵列，以及设置在检测器和光电探测器之间的连续光导。 导光体在光电检测器和检测器的整个区域上是连续的。 基于光电检测器阵列的形状优化光导的厚度。 每个检测器阵列包括设置在MxN阵列中的多个闪烁体元件，其中“M”和“N”可独立选择并且各自至少一个。 提供了用于保持各个闪烁体元件相对于彼此的相对位置的机构。 进一步提供保持器以增强各个检测器阵列之间的间隔，以限定闪烁体阵列的位置分布之间的不同边界。
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公开(公告)号：US07301153B2
公开(公告)日：2007-11-27
申请号：US11387377
申请日：2006-03-23
申请人： Lars A. Eriksson , Matthias J. Schmand , Michael E. Casey , Niraj K. Doshi , Mehmet Aykac , Ronald Nutt
发明人： Lars A. Eriksson , Matthias J. Schmand , Michael E. Casey , Niraj K. Doshi , Mehmet Aykac , Ronald Nutt
IPC分类号： G01T1/20
CPC分类号： G01T1/1642 , A61B6/037 , G01T1/2008 , G01T1/2985
摘要： Apparatus and method for providing nuclear medical imaging, in particular positron emission tomography, wherein a panel detector including scintillation blocks with a light guide is attached thereto. The scintillation block is arranged to cover a plurality of photosensors in an N by N configuration where there are outer photosensors which share light information from adjacent scintillation blocks and at least one center photosensor which does not share light information from adjacent scintillation blocks.
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3.发明授权公开(公告)号：US07408164B2
公开(公告)日：2008-08-05
申请号：US10441682
申请日：2003-05-20
IPC分类号： G01T1/20
CPC分类号： G01T1/2002 , G01T1/202
摘要： A detector array including a plurality of scintillators for use in association with an imaging device. The detector array is provided for accurate determination of the location of the impingement of radiation upon an individual scintillator detector. An air gap is disposed between the scintillator elements, thereby increasing the packing fraction and overall sensitivity of the array. The amount of light transmitted down the scintillator element and the amount of light transmitted to adjacent elements is modified to optimize the identification of each element in a position profile map by adjusting the surface finish of the detector elements.
摘要翻译： 一种检测器阵列，包括用于与成像装置相关联的多个闪烁体。 检测器阵列被提供用于准确地确定辐射冲击位置在单独的闪烁体检测器上。 在闪烁器元件之间设置气隙，从而增加阵列的封装分数和整体灵敏度。 通过调整检测器元件的表面光洁度来修改向下闪烁体元件传输的光量和透射到相邻元件的光量，以优化位置分布图中每个元素的识别。
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公开(公告)号：US20090121141A1
公开(公告)日：2009-05-14
申请号：US12110554
申请日：2008-04-28
CPC分类号： G01T1/2985 , G01T1/2008 , G01T1/202
摘要： A phoswich device for determining depth of interaction (DOI) includes a wavelength shifting layer between first and second scintillators of different scintillation materials and having different decay time characteristics. The wavelength shifting layer allows a true phoswich device to be constructed where the emission wavelength of one scintillator is in the peak excitation band of the other scintillator, by shifting the scintillation light outside of this excitation band to prevent scintillation light of one scintillator from exciting a response in the other scintillator, thus enabling unique identification of the location of a gamma photon scintillation event. The phoswich device is particularly applicable to positron emission tomography (PET) applications.
摘要翻译： 用于确定相互作用深度（DOI）的检测装置包括在不同闪烁材料的第一和第二闪烁体之间的波长移位层并且具有不同的衰减时间特性。 波长偏移层允许在一个闪烁器的发射波长处于另一个闪烁体的峰值激发频带内的情况下，通过将闪烁光线移动到该激发频带外部，以防止一个闪烁体的闪烁光束激发 在另一个闪烁体中的响应，从而使得能够唯一地识别γ光子闪烁事件的位置。 特殊设备特别适用于正电子发射断层摄影（PET）应用。
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5.发明申请公开(公告)号：US20100078595A1
公开(公告)日：2010-04-01
申请号：US12568063
申请日：2009-09-28
CPC分类号： C30B29/34 , C09K11/7774 , C30B15/00
摘要： Crystals with improved scintillation and optical properties are achieved by codoping with a trivalent dopant and a divalent and/or a monovalent dopant. Embodiments include codoping LSO, YSO, GSO crystals and LYSO, LGSO, and LYGSO crystals. Embodiments also include codoped crystals with a controlled monovalent or divalent:trivalent dopant ratio of from about 1:1 for increased light yield to about 4:1 for faster decay time.
摘要翻译： 具有改善的闪烁和光学性质的晶体通过与三价掺杂剂和二价和/或一价掺杂剂共掺杂来实现。 实施方案包括共编LSO，YSO，GSO晶体和LYSO，LGSO和LYGSO晶体。 实施方案还包括具有约1：1的受控一价或二价：三价掺杂剂比例的共掺杂晶体，以提高光产率至约4:1，以获得更快的衰变时间。
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公开(公告)号：US08148697B2
公开(公告)日：2012-04-03
申请号：US12569217
申请日：2009-09-29
IPC分类号： G01T1/20
CPC分类号： G01T1/1644 , G01T1/2008
摘要： A phoswich device for determining depth of interaction (DOI) includes a first scintillator having a first scintillation decay time characteristic, a second scintillator having a second scintillation decay time characteristic substantially equal to the first scintillation decay time, a photodetector coupled to the second scintillator, and a wavelength shifting layer coupled between the first scintillator and the second scintillator, wherein the wavelength shifting layer modifies the first scintillation decay time characteristic of the first scintillator to enable the photodetector to differentiate between the first decay time characteristic and the second decay time characteristic. The phoswich device is particularly applicable to positron emission tomography (PET) applications.
摘要翻译： 用于确定相互作用深度（DOI）的鉴定装置包括具有第一闪烁衰减时间特征的第一闪烁体，具有基本上等于第一闪烁衰减时间的第二闪烁衰减时间特性的第二闪烁体，耦合到第二闪烁体的光电检测器， 以及耦合在所述第一闪烁体和所述第二闪烁体之间的波长偏移层，其中所述波长移位层修改所述第一闪烁体的第一闪烁衰减时间特性，以使得所述光电检测器能够区分所述第一衰减时间特性和所述第二衰减时间特性。 特殊设备特别适用于正电子发射断层摄影（PET）应用。
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公开(公告)号：US08115173B2
公开(公告)日：2012-02-14
申请号：US12110554
申请日：2008-04-28
CPC分类号： G01T1/2985 , G01T1/2008 , G01T1/202
摘要： A phoswich device for determining depth of interaction (DOI) includes a wavelength shifting layer between first and second scintillators of different scintillation materials and having different decay time characteristics. The wavelength shifting layer allows a true phoswich device to be constructed where the emission wavelength of one scintillator is in the peak excitation band of the other scintillator, by shifting the scintillation light outside of this excitation band to prevent scintillation light of one scintillator from exciting a response in the other scintillator, thus enabling unique identification of the location of a gamma photon scintillation event. The phoswich device is particularly applicable to positron emission tomography (PET) applications.
摘要翻译： 用于确定相互作用深度（DOI）的检测装置包括在不同闪烁材料的第一和第二闪烁体之间的波长移位层并且具有不同的衰减时间特性。 波长偏移层允许在一个闪烁器的发射波长处于另一个闪烁体的峰值激发频带内的情况下，通过将闪烁光线移动到该激发频带外部，以防止一个闪烁体的闪烁光束激发 在另一个闪烁体中的响应，从而使得能够唯一地识别γ光子闪烁事件的位置。 特殊设备特别适用于正电子发射断层摄影（PET）应用。
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公开(公告)号：US20100090114A1
公开(公告)日：2010-04-15
申请号：US12569217
申请日：2009-09-29
CPC分类号： G01T1/1644 , G01T1/2008
摘要： A phoswich device for determining depth of interaction (DOI) includes a first scintillator having a first scintillation decay time characteristic, a second scintillator having a second scintillation decay time characteristic substantially equal to the first scintillation decay time, a photodetector coupled to the second scintillator, and a wavelength shifting layer coupled between the first scintillator and the second scintillator, wherein the wavelength shifting layer modifies the first scintillation decay time characteristic of the first scintillator to enable the photodetector to differentiate between the first decay time characteristic and the second decay time characteristic. The phoswich device is particularly applicable to positron emission tomography (PET) applications.
摘要翻译： 用于确定相互作用深度（DOI）的鉴定装置包括具有第一闪烁衰减时间特征的第一闪烁体，具有基本上等于第一闪烁衰减时间的第二闪烁衰减时间特性的第二闪烁体，耦合到第二闪烁体的光电检测器， 以及耦合在所述第一闪烁体和所述第二闪烁体之间的波长偏移层，其中所述波长移位层修改所述第一闪烁体的第一闪烁衰减时间特性，以使得所述光电检测器能够区分所述第一衰减时间特性和所述第二衰减时间特性。 特殊设备特别适用于正电子发射断层摄影（PET）应用。
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公开(公告)号：US4188206A
公开(公告)日：1980-02-12
申请号：US792790
申请日：1977-05-02
CPC分类号： C21C7/068 , C21C7/0685
摘要： The carbon content in iron, cobalt, or nickel based alloys containing at least about 16% chromium is substantially eliminated without significant loss of chromium by blowing the alloy with oxygen to oxidize the carbon and simultaneously introducing steam or ammonia in amounts such that the partial pressure of carbon monoxide (formed by oxidation of carbon) is lower than that which corresponds to the equilibrium pressure for the carbon/chromium oxidation e.g. below 0.95 and preferably below 0.5 atmospheres.
摘要翻译： 含有至少约16％铬的铁，钴或镍基合金中的碳含量基本上消除，通过用氧气吹入该合金而不会显着损失铬，以氧化碳并同时引入蒸汽或氨，使得分压 的一氧化碳（由碳的氧化形成）低于对应于碳/铬氧化的平衡压力的一氧化碳，例如 低于0.95，优选低于0.5大气压。
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