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    Reduced degradation of ion-exchange membranes in electrochemical fuel cells
    1.
    发明申请
    Reduced degradation of ion-exchange membranes in electrochemical fuel cells 有权
    电化学燃料电池中离子交换膜的降解降低

    公开(公告)号：US20050136308A1

    公开(公告)日：2005-06-23

    申请号：US10738962

    申请日：2003-12-17

    申请人： Neil Andrews ,  Shanna Knights ,  Kenneth Murray ,  Scott McDermid ,  Sean MacKinnon ,  Siyu Ye

    发明人： Neil Andrews ,  Shanna Knights ,  Kenneth Murray ,  Scott McDermid ,  Sean MacKinnon ,  Siyu Ye

    IPC分类号： H01M4/86 ,  H01M4/88 ,  H01M4/90 ,  H01M8/10 ,  C08J5/22 ,  H01M4/94

    CPC分类号： H01M8/1004 ,  H01M4/8605 ,  H01M4/8663 ,  H01M4/90 ,  H01M8/1023 ,  H01M8/1039 ,  H01M8/1051 ,  H01M8/1053 ,  H01M8/1072 ,  Y02P70/56

    摘要： A significant problem in PEM fuel cell durability is in premature failure of the ion-exchange membrane and in particular by the degradation of the ion-exchange membrane by reactive hydrogen peroxide species. Such degradation can be reduced or eliminated by the presence of an additive in the anode, cathode or ion-exchange membrane. The additive may be a radical scavenger, a membrane cross-linker, a hydrogen peroxide decomposition catalyst and/or a hydrogen peroxide stabilizer. The presence of the additive in the membrane electrode assembly (MEA) may however result in reduced performance of the PEM fuel cell. Accordingly, it may be desirable to restrict the location of the additive to locations of increased susceptibility to membrane degradation such as the inlet and/or outlet regions of the MEA.

    摘要翻译： PEM燃料电池耐久性的一个重大问题是离子交换膜的过早失效，特别是通过活性过氧化氢物质降解离子交换膜。 通过在阳极，阴极或离子交换膜中存在添加剂可以降低或消除这种降解。 添加剂可以是自由基清除剂，膜交联剂，过氧化氢分解催化剂和/或过氧化氢稳定剂。 然而，添加剂在膜电极组件（MEA）中的存在可能导致PEM燃料电池的性能降低。 因此，可能需要将添加剂的位置限制在对膜降解的易感性增加的位置，例如MEA的入口和/或出口区域。

    Method and apparatus for operating a fuel cell
    2.
    发明授权
    Method and apparatus for operating a fuel cell 失效
    用于操作燃料电池的方法和装置

    公开(公告)号：US06461751B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-10-08

    申请号：US09455033

    申请日：1999-12-06

    申请人： Gustav Boehm ,  David P. Wilkinson ,  Shanna Knights ,  Reinhold Schamm ,  Nicholas J. Fletcher

    发明人： Gustav Boehm ,  David P. Wilkinson ,  Shanna Knights ,  Reinhold Schamm ,  Nicholas J. Fletcher

    IPC分类号： H01M804

    CPC分类号： H01M8/04089

    摘要： The present invention relates to improving the overall efficiency of a fuel cell system by reducing parasitic power consumption. A controller is programmed to decrease oxidant stoichiometry until oxidant starvation is detected or until oxidant stoichiometry is about one. When oxidant starvation is detected, the oxidant stoichiometry is increased until oxidant starvation is no longer detected. The fuel cell system employs a sensor for detecting an operational characteristic such as voltage output, or oxygen or hydrogen concentration in the cathode exhaust stream. The controller uses the operational characteristic to calculate oxidant stoichiometry or to determine when there is oxidant starvation at the cathode.

    摘要翻译： 本发明涉及通过降低寄生电力消耗来提高燃料电池系统的整体效率。 控制器被编程为减少氧化剂化学计量，直到氧化剂缺乏被检测到或直到氧化剂化学计量约为1。 当检测到氧化剂饥饿时，氧化剂化学计量增加，直到不再检测到氧化剂饥饿。 燃料电池系统使用用于检测阴极排气流中的电压输出或氧气或氢气浓度的操作特性的传感器。 控制器使用操作特性来计算氧化剂化学计量或确定何时在阴极处存在氧化剂缺乏。

    Fuel cell system
    4.
    发明申请
    Fuel cell system 审中-公开
    燃料电池系统

    公开(公告)号：US20060105211A1

    公开(公告)日：2006-05-18

    申请号：US10990340

    申请日：2004-11-16

    申请人： Myles Bos ,  Shanna Knights

    发明人： Myles Bos ,  Shanna Knights

    IPC分类号： H01M8/04 ,  H01M8/02

    CPC分类号： H01M8/04201 ,  H01M8/04126 ,  H01M8/1007 ,  Y02P70/56

    摘要： Membrane degradation in PEM fuel cells can be explained as follows. Hydrogen peroxide (H2O2) formed around cathodes and anodes catalytically reacts with Fenton's reagents to produce radicals. Such radicals attack the membrane and initiate oxidative decomposition. Only trace quantities of Fenton's reagent are necessary to lead to the production of radicals in-situ. Simply avoiding direct contact of Fenton's reagent elements with the MEA is therefore not sufficient to improve MEA lifetime. Components of a fuel cell system should also be made of materials that are essentially free of Fenton's reagents pursuant to the invention. One embodiment of the invention provides a fuel cell system, wherein the fuel cell stack and/or the supply apparatus and/or the discharge apparatus are/is made of materials that are essentially free of Iron (Fe).

    摘要翻译： PEM燃料电池中的膜降解可以解释如下。 阴极和阳极周围形成的过氧化氢（H 2 O 2 O 2）与芬顿试剂催化反应以产生自由基。 这种自由基攻击膜并开始氧化分解。 只有微量的芬顿试剂才能使原位生成自由基。 因此，简单避免Fenton试剂元件与MEA的直接接触不足以改善MEA的使用寿命。 燃料电池系统的组成部分也应由根据本发明基本上不含芬顿试剂的材料制成。 本发明的一个实施方案提供了一种燃料电池系统，其中燃料电池堆和/或供应装置和/或排出装置由基本上不含铁（Fe）的材料制成。