公开(公告)号：US06351162B1

公开(公告)日：2002-02-26

申请号：US09563780

申请日：2000-05-02

Applicant: Reiner Schwartz

Inventor： Reiner Schwartz

IPC: H02M3335

CPC classification number: H01H47/325 ,  H03K17/64

Abstract: An inductive load is controlled using a PWM control signal at the control terminal of a current switch. In parallel to the first circuit branch containing the inductive load to be controlled, there is located a second circuit branch including a flyback diode and a measuring resistor. The actual current signal corresponding to the current in the inductive load to be regulated, which is formed using the current in the measuring resistor as measurement voltage, is compared to a desired current signal, and the result of the comparison is processed by a PWM circuit to form a PWM control signal for current switch. Due to the fact that measuring resistor is disposed in the circuit parallel to the inductive load to be controlled, a favorable behavior of the power dissipation in the measuring resistor is obtained in accordance with the duty cycle of the PWM control signal. With a preset value of the measuring resistor, the power dissipation and the required chip area can thus be reduced. With preset maximum power dissipation, the measuring accuracy in the lower measuring range can be enhanced.

Abstract translation: 在电流开关的控制端使用PWM控制信号来控制感性负载。 与包含要控制的感性负载的第一电路支路并联，存在包括反激二极管和测量电阻器的第二电路支路。 将使用测量电阻器中的电流形成的要调节的感性负载中的电流的实际电流信号与测量电压进行比较，并将比较结果由PWM电路 形成电流开关的PWM控制信号。 由于测量电阻器设置在与要控制的感性负载平行的电路中，因此可以根据PWM控制信号的占空比获得测量电阻器功耗的有利特性。 通过测量电阻器的预设值，可以降低功耗和所需的芯片面积。 具有预设的最大功耗，可以提高测量精度在较低的测量范围。

公开(公告)号：US06294905B1

公开(公告)日：2001-09-25

申请号：US09565356

申请日：2000-05-02

Applicant: Reiner Schwartz

Inventor： Reiner Schwartz

IPC: G05F140

CPC classification number: H03K17/64 ,  H01H47/325

Abstract: A control or adjusting circuit for a load, a desired signal is compared to an actual signal corresponding to the state of the load, and a PWM control signal is generated in a control signal generating circuit in accordance with the comparison result. The control signal opens and closes a current switch coupled to the load. For forming the PWM control signal, the contents of a ramp counter are compared to the contents of an up/down counter by means of a digital comparator. To obtain fast approximation of the two signals to each other in the case of strong deviations between the desired signal and the actual signal, the up/down counter is subjected to relatively rapid counting in case of high control deviations as compared to low control deviations. To this end, the up/down counter is operated with a clock signal of variable frequency that is produced by a voltage-controlled oscillator as a function of the difference between the desired signal and the actual signal.

Abstract translation: 将用于负载的控制或调节电路，期望信号与对应于负载状态的实际信号进行比较，并且根据比较结果在控制信号发生电路中产生PWM控制信号。 控制信号打开和​​关闭耦合到负载的电流开关。 为了形成PWM控制信号，通过数字比较器将斜坡计数器的内容与升/降计数器的内容进行比较。 为了在所需信号与实际信号之间的强偏差的情况下获得彼此的两个信号的快速近似，与低控制偏差相比，上/下计数器在高控制偏差的情况下经受相对快速的计数。 为此，上/下计数器以由压控振荡器产生的可变频率的时钟信号作为期望信号和实际信号之间的差异的函数来操作。

公开(公告)号：US20120074898A1

公开(公告)日：2012-03-29

申请号：US13242649

申请日：2011-09-23

Applicant: Reiner Schwartz

Inventor： Reiner Schwartz

IPC: H02J7/00

CPC classification number: H02J7/0026 ,  H02J7/0016 ,  H02J2007/0037 ,  H02J2007/004 ,  Y02T10/7055

Abstract: A battery includes a battery module that includes a plurality of submodules electrically connected in series. Each submodule comprises first and second submodule terminals and a cell. At least one submodule in each battery module is a switchable submodule comprising a submodule switching circuit. The submodule switching circuit is switchable between a first state and a second state. The submodule switching circuit electrically connects the cell of the switchable submodule between the first and second submodule terminals when the submodule switching circuit is in the first state. The submodule switching circuit provides an electrical bypass connection between the first and second submodule terminals and the cell of the switchable submodule is electrically disconnected from at least one of the first and second submodule terminals when the switching circuit is in the second state. The battery further comprises a control unit for operating the switching circuit of each module.

Abstract translation: 电池包括电池模块，其包括串联电连接的多个子模块。 每个子模块包括第一和第二子模块终端和一个单元。 每个电池模块中的至少一个子模块是包括子模块切换电路的可切换子模块。 子模块切换电路可在第一状态和第二状态之间切换。 当子模块切换电路处于第一状态时，子模块切换电路将可切换子模块的单元电连接在第一和第二子模块端子之间。 子模块切换电路在第一和第二子模块终端之间提供电旁路连接，并且当开关电路处于第二状态时，可切换子模块的单元与第一和第二子模块端子中的至少一个电气断开。 电池还包括用于操作每个模块的开关电路的控制单元。

公开(公告)号：US06348821B1

公开(公告)日：2002-02-19

申请号：US09358047

申请日：1999-07-21

Applicant: Reiner Schwartz

Inventor： Reiner Schwartz

IPC: H03B1900

CPC classification number: H03K5/00006 ,  H03K5/1565

Abstract: A frequency doubler circuit with a 50% duty cycle output includes a two-input XOR or XNOR logic gate having a first input coupled to a digital input signal having a first frequency, and a second input coupled to a replica of the input signal delayed by a quarter of the time period of the input signal. The frequency doubler circuit includes at least two capacitors in series, a constant current generator for charging the capacitors during one of the two half periods of the input signal, and first and second switches controlled in phase opposition by the input signal and by an inverted signal thereof for charging and discharging the capacitors during each period of the input signal. A voltage divider halves the voltage present on the capacitors so that a comparator senses the halved voltage on one of the two capacitors. The comparator provides an output signal to the second input of the logic gate.

Abstract translation: 具有50％占空比输出的倍频器电路包括双输入XOR或XNOR逻辑门，其具有耦合到具有第一频率的数字输入信号的第一输入，以及耦合到由延迟的输入信号的副本的第二输入 输入信号的四分之一的时间段。 倍频器电路包括串联的至少两个电容器，用于在输入信号的两个半周期期间的一个期间对电容器充电的恒流发生器，以及由输入信号和反相信号相互相对控制的第一和第二开关 用于在输入信号的每个周期期间对电容器进行充电和放电。 分压器将电容器上的电压减半，以便比较器检测两个电容器之一上的一半电压。 比较器向逻辑门的第二输入提供输出信号。

公开(公告)号：US08710801B2

公开(公告)日：2014-04-29

申请号：US13242649

申请日：2011-09-23

Applicant: Reiner Schwartz

Inventor： Reiner Schwartz

IPC: H01M10/44 ,  H01M10/46

CPC classification number: H02J7/0026 ,  H02J7/0016 ,  H02J2007/0037 ,  H02J2007/004 ,  Y02T10/7055

Abstract: A battery includes a battery module that includes a plurality of submodules electrically connected in series. Each submodule comprises first and second submodule terminals and a cell. At least one submodule in each battery module is a switchable submodule comprising a submodule switching circuit. The submodule switching circuit is switchable between a first state and a second state. The submodule switching circuit electrically connects the cell of the switchable submodule between the first and second submodule terminals when the submodule switching circuit is in the first state. The submodule switching circuit provides an electrical bypass connection between the first and second submodule terminals and the cell of the switchable submodule is electrically disconnected from at least one of the first and second submodule terminals when the switching circuit is in the second state. The battery further comprises a control unit for operating the switching circuit of each module.

Abstract translation: 电池包括电池模块，其包括串联电连接的多个子模块。 每个子模块包括第一和第二子模块终端和一个单元。 每个电池模块中的至少一个子模块是包括子模块切换电路的可切换子模块。 子模块切换电路可在第一状态和第二状态之间切换。 当子模块切换电路处于第一状态时，子模块切换电路将可切换子模块的单元电连接在第一和第二子模块端子之间。 子模块切换电路在第一和第二子模块终端之间提供电旁路连接，并且当开关电路处于第二状态时，可切换子模块的单元与第一和第二子模块端子中的至少一个电气断开。 电池还包括用于操作每个模块的开关电路的控制单元。