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1.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4309381A
公开(公告)日：1982-01-05
申请号：US91710
申请日：1979-11-06
CPC分类号： A61L2/24
摘要： Air removal is completed and ascertained, in steam sterilization systems which use steam flow through a sterilizing chamber to facilitate air removal, by methods which enable steam-table values for a dependent variable relationship of pressure and temperature, as exhibited by confined saturated steam, to be utilized under steam flow conditions.Apparatus for controlling and measuring chamber conditions are provided so that such established steam-table values for confined steam can be readily and reliably used to establish and ascertain complete air removal while steam is flowing through the chamber.In a representative embodiment, chamber pressure is held substantially constant while the remaining variable chamber temperature is measured. Venting of chamber atmosphere is continuous during such control of chamber pressure with chamber temperature being measured until a value is reached corresponding to the steam-table value at the level of the chamber pressure being held.With complete removal of the air ascertained, sterilizing exposure conditions can be established rapidly by substantially reducing venting of chamber atmosphere since any remaining portions of the cycle, whether establishing or maintaining sterilizing exposure conditions, need not be relied on for removal of air.Control apparatus, electromechanical and electronic processor, are provided for automatically completing air removal and ascertaining effective air removal.
摘要翻译： 在通过灭菌室使用蒸汽流动以促进空气去除的蒸汽灭菌系统中，完成并确定了空气去除的方法，这些方法使得能够通过约束饱和蒸汽显示的压力和温度的因变量关系的蒸汽表值， 在蒸汽流条件下使用。 提供了用于控制和测量室条件的装置，使得这种已建立的用于密闭蒸汽的蒸汽台值可以容易且可靠地用于建立并确定蒸汽流过室时的完全除气。 在代表性的实施例中，在测量剩余可变室温度的同时，保持室压力基本上恒定。 在腔室压力的这种控制期间室室气体的排气是连续的，室内温度被测量，直到达到相当于保持在室压力水平的蒸汽台值的值。 通过彻底去除所确定的空气，可以通过大大减少室气氛的排气快速建立消毒接触条件，因为不必依赖循环的任何剩余部分，无论是建立还是保持消毒条件，以消除空气。 提供控制装置，机电和电子处理器，用于自动完成排气并确定有效的除气。
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公开(公告)号：US4372916A
公开(公告)日：1983-02-08
申请号：US279209
申请日：1981-06-30
摘要： Air removal is completed and ascertained, in steam sterilization systems which use steam flow through a sterilizing chamber to facilitate air removal, by methods which enable steam-table values for a dependent variable relationship of pressure and temperature, as exhibited by confined saturated steam, to be utilized under steam flow conditions.Apparatus for controlling and measuring chamber conditions are provided so that such established steam-table values for confined steam can be readily and reliably used to establish and ascertain complete air removal while steam is flowing through the chamber.In a representative embodiment, chamber pressure is held substantially constant while the remaining variable chamber temperature is measured. Venting of chamber atmosphere is continuous during such control of chamber pressure with chamber temperature being measured until a value is reached corresponding to the steam-table value at the level of the chamber pressure being held.With complete removal of the air ascertained, sterilizing exposure conditions can be established rapidly by substantially reducing venting of chamber atmosphere since any remaining portions of the cycle, whether establishing or maintaining sterilizing exposure conditions, need not be relied on for removal of air.Control apparatus, electromechanical and electronic processor, are provided for automatically completing air removal and ascertaining effective air removal.
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3.发明授权Process for removing copper and copper oxide encrustations from ferrous surfaces 失效从黑色金属表面去除铜和氧化铜外壳的工艺
公开(公告)号：US4443268A
公开(公告)日：1984-04-17
申请号：US320815
申请日：1981-11-12
申请人： Thomas G. Cook
发明人： Thomas G. Cook
CPC分类号： C23G1/19
摘要： Aqueous alkaline solutions containing ferric chelates of alkylenepolyamine polycarboxylic acids (e.g. EDTA) have been used to remove plated copper from freshly cleaned ferrous metal surfaces. Normally, an oxidant is added during the copper removal stage to oxidize ferrous ion to the ferric state. This process is improved by adding aqueous hydrogen peroxide to the flowing cleaning solution at a rate such that the solution EMF (platinum or iron versus a saturated calomel electrode), as measured at about 80.degree. F. and at a solution pH of about 9.2, becomes more positive than -250 mV in about one hour.
摘要翻译： 已经使用含有亚烷基多胺多元羧酸（例如EDTA）的三价螯合物的碱性水溶液从新鲜清洁的黑色金属表面除去镀覆的铜。 通常，在铜去除阶段期间加入氧化剂以将亚铁离子氧化成铁态。 通过向流动的清洗溶液中加入过氧化氢水溶液，使得在约80°F下测量的溶液EMF（铂或铁与饱和甘汞电极）的溶液pH为约9.2， 在约1小时内变得比-250mV更正。
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公开(公告)号：US5195048A
公开(公告)日：1993-03-16
申请号：US662138
申请日：1991-02-26
CPC分类号： B01J3/002 , A61L2/07 , Y10T137/0379
摘要： A system and method of exhausting vapor, such as steam, from a pressure chamber following the sterilization phase of a sterilization cycle under superatmospheric pressure conditions are provided. The system and method preferably employ a microprocessor and an appropriate pressure transducer to measure the chamber pressure at the conclusion of the vapor exposure period to determine an initial chamber pressure. The method includes the further steps of exhausting vapor from the chamber for a period of time, preferably up to about one minute, to lower the chamber pressure, measuring the chamber pressure at the conclusion of such first period of time to determine a second chamber pressure and calculating the difference between the initial chamber pressure and the second chamber pressure to determine an exhaust rate. The exhaust rate is used to predetermine successively lower next target chamber pressures to be reached at the conclusion of successive intervals of a predetermined second period of time, such as three seconds, until a predetermined final chamber pressure is reached. Vapor is exhausted from the chamber during each successive interval of the second period of time until the target chamber pressure for that particular second period of time is reached. After each such interval of time, the chamber pressure is measured to determine whether the calculated next target chamber pressure has been reached.
摘要翻译： 提供了一种在超大气压条件下在灭菌循环的灭菌阶段之后从压力室排出蒸气（例如蒸汽）的系统和方法。 该系统和方法优选地采用微处理器和适当的压力传感器来测量在蒸汽暴露周期结束时的室压力以确定初始室压力。 该方法包括进一步的步骤：从室中排出蒸气一段时间，优选地高达约1分钟，以降低室压力，在这样的第一时间段结束时测量室压力，以确定第二室压力 并且计算初始室压力和第二室压力之间的差以确定排气速率。 排气速率用于预先确定在预定的第二时间段（例如三秒）的连续间隔结束时连续降低下一个目标室压力，直到达到预定的最终室压力。 在第二时间段的每个连续间隔期间，蒸气从腔室排出，直到达到该特定的第二时间段的目标室压力。 在每个这样的时间间隔之后，测量室压力以确定是否已经达到计算的下一个目标室压力。
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公开(公告)号：US4808377A
公开(公告)日：1989-02-28
申请号：US759539
申请日：1985-07-26
申请人： Robert W. Childers , Thomas G. Cook , David A. Karle , Ronald P. Krahe , George E. Sparber , Gerald L. Yeaney
发明人： Robert W. Childers , Thomas G. Cook , David A. Karle , Ronald P. Krahe , George E. Sparber , Gerald L. Yeaney
CPC分类号： A61L2/24
摘要： A self-contained, closed loop steam sterilizer having an integral external boiler. The sterilizer employs a prevacuum sterilization cycle with a dwell phase. A single pump accomplishes all pumping functions in a prioritized manner.
摘要翻译： 一个独立的闭环式蒸汽灭菌器，具有一体的外部锅炉。 灭菌器采用带有停留相的预真空灭菌循环。 单个泵以优先的方式实现所有泵送功能。
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公开(公告)号：US4909988A
公开(公告)日：1990-03-20
申请号：US113090
申请日：1987-10-23
申请人： Robert W. Childers , Thomas G. Cook , David A. Karle , Ronald P. Krahe , George E. Sparber , Gerald L. Yeaney
发明人： Robert W. Childers , Thomas G. Cook , David A. Karle , Ronald P. Krahe , George E. Sparber , Gerald L. Yeaney
IPC分类号： A61L2/24
CPC分类号： A61L2/24
摘要： A self-contained, closed loop steam sterilizer has an integral external boiler. The sterilizer employs a prevacuum sterilization cycle with a dwell phase to promote steam efficiency. A single pump accomplishes all pumping functions in a prioritized manner.
摘要翻译： 独立的闭环式蒸汽灭菌器具有一体化的外部锅炉。 灭菌器采用带有停留相的预真空灭菌循环以提高蒸汽效率。 单个泵以优先的方式实现所有泵送功能。
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公开(公告)号：US4891910A
公开(公告)日：1990-01-09
申请号：US292280
申请日：1988-12-30
CPC分类号： F16J13/08 , E05C9/06 , E05B47/0012 , Y10T292/0805
摘要： An apparatus for sealing a door of a chamber, the chamber being of the type wherein the door is urged into engagement with the chamber upon rotation of a locking wheel and having a seal positioned between the door and the chamber such that upon movement of the door toward the chamber the seal is compressed, comprises a motor for providing torque to the locking wheel for urging the door toward the chamber. A current source supplies current to the motor. A circuit monitors the current supplied to the motor to determine if a desired degree of pressure between the seal and the chamber has been achieved based on the amount of current drawn by the motor. The current source is responsive to the monitoring circuit so as to end the supply of current to the motor when the desired degree of pressure is achieved.
摘要翻译： 一种用于密封室的门的装置，所述室是其中门在锁定轮旋转时被推动与室接合并且具有位于门和室之间的密封件的位置，使得在门移动时 朝向腔室密封件被压缩，包括用于向锁定轮提供扭矩的马达，用于将门推向腔室。 电流源向电机提供电流。 电路监测供应给电动机的电流，以确定是否根据电动机所吸取的电流量来实现密封件和腔室之间的所需压力。 电流源响应于监测电路，以便当达到所需的压力时，结束向电动机供电。
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