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公开(公告)号：US4847605A
公开(公告)日：1989-07-11
申请号：US43019
申请日：1987-04-27
申请人： Robert M. Callahan , Anthony M. Fiore , Edward C. Flickinger , Bruce C. Hempel , Bruce E. Whistance
发明人： Robert M. Callahan , Anthony M. Fiore , Edward C. Flickinger , Bruce C. Hempel , Bruce E. Whistance
IPC分类号： G06F3/0484
CPC分类号： G06F3/04842
摘要： A method is described for improving the responsiveness and accuracy of a graphics system to user-initiated picking actions. In this method, the visual cueing and pick window positioning components of the graphics system tracking/picking function are temporarily separated at the time the user attempts to pick. By handling these two components of the tracking/picking function independently, both type 1 (failure to pick the desired item) and type 2 (picking an undesired item) errors are prevented. This translates into greater productivity for the graphics system user.
摘要翻译： 描述了一种用于提高图形系统对用户发起的挑选动作的响应性和准确性的方法。 在这种方法中，图形系统跟踪/拾取功能的视觉提示和拾取窗口定位组件在用户尝试选择时暂时分离。 通过独立地处理跟踪/拾取功能的这两个组件，可以防止类型1（未能选择所需项目）和类型2（选择不期望的项目）错误。 这转化为图形系统用户的更高的生产力。
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2.发明授权Method for controlling concatenation of transformation matrices in a graphics display system 失效用于控制图形显示系统中的变换矩阵的并置的方法
公开(公告)号：US4805117A
公开(公告)日：1989-02-14
申请号：US912724
申请日：1986-09-26
CPC分类号： G06F7/548 , G06F17/16 , G06F7/4991
摘要： In graphics display systems the use of matrix concatenation for coordinate transformation, occasionally, will cause an overflow which may represent an out-of-bounds location of a data element. To correct the overflow problem, a number of translation shift factors are introduced for the last row of the matrix which when used to operate on matrix elements, will maintain the elements within the physical boundaries of the graphics base by preventing overflow. Additionally, a method of adjusting the clipping boundaries to increase the precision of coordinate transformations is also described. The methods of the invention may be implemented in microcode in a commercially availably graphics display system such as the IBM 5080 Graphics System.
摘要翻译： 在图形显示系统中，偶尔使用矩阵连接进行坐标变换将导致溢出，这可能表示数据元素的超出位置。 为了纠正溢出问题，为矩阵的最后一行引入了多个平移移位因子，当用于对矩阵元素进行操作时，将通过防止溢出将元素维护在图形基础的物理边界内。 此外，还描述了一种调整限幅边界以提高坐标变换精度的方法。 本发明的方法可以在诸如IBM 5080图形系统的商业上可用的图形显示系统中以微码来实现。
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3.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5027291A
公开(公告)日：1991-06-25
申请号：US124726
申请日：1987-11-24
CPC分类号： G06F3/04842
摘要： A method is described that gives local control to an application program during the drawing process when a "pickable" primitive intersects the pick window. This control is provided in such a way that the state of graphics workstation remains unaltered. Thus the application program is permitted to make "picking" or visualization decisions at the moment the pick occurs, and then resume execution of the display program wherever desired (typically, at the graphic instruction following the one that caused the pick). This capability enables application programs to provide greater functionality, usability and productivity to their users.
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公开(公告)号：US5012433A
公开(公告)日：1991-04-30
申请号：US364524
申请日：1989-06-09
IPC分类号： G06T15/30
CPC分类号： G06T15/30
摘要： A method for clipping two and three dimensional graphic primitives for use in a computer graphics workstation. During the first clipping stage, the system removes all graphic primitives which lie outside an arbitrary clipping volume or window that is an enlargement of the desired viewing volume or window. This clipping volume (window) is then projected and mapped onto a virtual viewport which is larger than the real viewport. After this mapping occurs, rendering effects (such as line styles, line width, pattern fill, hatch fill, etc.) are applied to the primitive. A subsequent stage of clipping is then applied to clip the virtual viewport to the real viewport which is the user's visible area. Use of the clipping volume (window) during the first stage of clipping makes it simpler to transform geometric primitives which are partially visible to the viewer, and gives visible primitives a richer set of invariant geometric properties so that their rendering effects may be more easily and correctly carried out.
摘要翻译： 一种用于裁剪用于计算机图形工作站的二维和三维图形图元的方法。 在第一个剪辑阶段，系统将删除位于任意裁剪卷或窗口之外的所有图形原语，这些缩放卷或窗口是所需观看卷或窗口的放大图。 然后将该剪辑卷（窗口）投影并映射到大于真实视口的虚拟视口。 发生这种映射之后，将渲染效果（如线条样式，线宽，图案填充，填充填充等）应用于原语。 然后应用后续的剪辑阶段将虚拟视口剪切到作为用户可见区域的真实视口。 在剪辑的第一阶段使用剪辑卷（窗口）使得更容易地对观看者部分可见的几何图元进行变换，并且给予可见原始图形更丰富的不变几何属性集，使得它们的渲染效果可以更容易地 正确进行
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公开(公告)号：US5430841A
公开(公告)日：1995-07-04
申请号：US968613
申请日：1992-10-29
CPC分类号： G06T17/00
摘要： A method and apparatus for the management of the data associated with multiple graphics contexts in a computer graphics rendering system. Graphics contexts are built by graphics engines and selectively saved into a context save RAM. Context switches are managed either by modifying a context base pointer to address a new section of the context save RAM, or by writing out a portion of the context save RAM to external storage and reading in a replacement context from external storage. The writing and reading process are managed by a control processor allowing the graphics engines to switch context at the same time. New contexts read from external storage automatically cause regeneration of downstream rasterization parameters.
摘要翻译： 一种用于在计算机图形渲染系统中管理与多个图形上下文相关联的数据的方法和装置。 图形上下文由图形引擎构建，并有选择地保存到上下文保存RAM中。 上下文切换通过修改上下文基指针来处理上下文保存RAM的新部分，或者通过将外部存储RAM的一部分写入外部存储器并从外部存储器在替换上下文中读取来管理。 写入和读取过程由控制处理器管理，允许图形引擎同时切换上下文。 从外部存储器读取的新上下文会自动导致下游光栅化参数的再生。
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公开(公告)号：US4870599A
公开(公告)日：1989-09-26
申请号：US912876
申请日：1986-09-26
申请人： Bruce C. Hempel , Gregory D. Laib , Bob C. Liang
发明人： Bruce C. Hempel , Gregory D. Laib , Bob C. Liang
CPC分类号： G06T15/405 , G06F3/04842
摘要： A method for traversal of primitives in a graphics display system includes calculating pick data for a predetermined primitive, testing the primitive for invisibility, exiting to a next graphics order if the invisibility step is positive, testing the primitive for detectability, exiting to a next graphics order if the detectability test is false when traversal is performed for pick correlation purposes, determining whether a transformation environment update is required, recalculating the transformation environment if required, binding display attributes for the primitive and processing subsequent graphics orders to draw the primitive. Also, to eliminate unnecessary storing of registers when an execute structure is processed, a number of registers are set aside for storing control flags to selectively store registers into the stack. If a flag pick is zero the contents of the corresponding register will be stored on the stack. If the contents of the flag are one, indicating that the contents of the corresponding register has been stored on the stack, the contents will not be stored again, thus saving time and execution of the traversal.
摘要翻译： 用于在图形显示系统中遍历原语的方法包括：计算用于预定原语的选取数据，测试不可见性的图元，如果不可见性步骤为正，则退出到下一个图形顺序，测试该图元的可检测性，退出到下一个图形 如果对于拾取相关目的执行遍历时的可检测性测试为假，则确定是否需要变换环境更新，如果需要重新计算变换环境，则绑定图元的显示属性并处理后续图形命令来绘制原始图像。 此外，为了在执行结构被处理时消除寄存器的不必要的存储，设置多个寄存器用于存储控制标志以选择性地将寄存器存储到堆栈中。 如果标志选择为零，则相应寄存器的内容将被存储在堆栈中。 如果标志的内容为1，表示相应寄存器的内容已经存储在堆栈中，内容将不会被再次存储，从而节省了遍历的时间和执行。
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7.发明授权Pipelined lighting model processing system for a graphics workstation's shading function 失效流水线照明模型处理系统，用于图形工作站的着色功能
公开(公告)号：US4866637A
公开(公告)日：1989-09-12
申请号：US115467
申请日：1987-10-30
CPC分类号： G06T15/506
摘要： A lighting model processing system for a computer graphics workstation's shading function includes multiple floating point processing stages arranged and operated in pipeline. Each stage is constructed from one or more identical floating point processors. The lighting model processing system supports one or more light sources illuminating an object to be displayed, with parallel or perspective projection. Dynamic partitioning can be used to balance the computational workload among various of the processors in order to avoid a bottleneck in the pipeline. The high throughput of the pipeline system makes possible the rapid calculation and display of high quality shaded images.
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公开(公告)号：US4821209A
公开(公告)日：1989-04-11
申请号：US821363
申请日：1986-01-21
申请人： Bruce C. Hempel , Bob C. Liang
发明人： Bruce C. Hempel , Bob C. Liang
CPC分类号： G06T15/30
摘要： A display processor in a raster graphics display system includes a transformation, clipping and mapping feature which controls the transformation, clipping and mapping of graphics data. A control byte contains 5 bits identified as: M--Window to viewport mapping; P--perspective projection; D--2D/3D mode; T--transformation; and C--clipping. Each bit in the control byte is tested to determine what operations are to be performed on the figure to be drawn.
摘要翻译： 光栅图形显示系统中的显示处理器包括控制图形数据的变换，剪切和映射的变换，剪辑和映射特征。 控制字节包含5位，标识为：M-Window到视口映射; P透视投影; D-2D / 3D模式; T变换 和C剪辑。 测试控制字节中的每个位以确定要绘制的图形上要执行的操作。
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