Shared nothing parallel execution of procedural constructs in SQL
    3.
    发明授权
    Shared nothing parallel execution of procedural constructs in SQL 失效
    在SQL中并不执行任何程序结构

    公开(公告)号:US6081801A

    公开(公告)日:2000-06-27

    申请号:US885479

    申请日:1997-06-30

    IPC分类号: G06F17/30 G06Q10/04 G06F17/00

    摘要: An automated methodology, and an apparatus for practicing the methodology, which enables the power and flexibility inherent in shared nothing parallel database systems (MPP) to be utilized on complex queries which have, heretofore, contained query elements requiring local computation or local coordination of data computation performed across the nodes of the distributed system. The present invention provides these features and advantages by identifying and marking the subgraphs containing these types of query elements as "no TQ zones" in the preparation phase prior to optimization. When the optimizer sees the markings, it builds a plan that will force the computation of the marked subgraphs to be in the same section. This preparation phase also provides the partitioning information for all inputs to the "no TQ zones". This allows the bottom-up optimizer to correctly plan the partitioning for the "no TQ zones". These partitionings can force the operation to a single-node, the coordinator node, the catalog node, or to a particular partition class on multiple nodes, or nodegroups.

    摘要翻译: 一种自动化方法和一种用于实践该方法的装置,其使得无共享并行数据库系统(MPP)中固有的功能和灵活性能够用于复杂查询,其以前包含需要本地计算或数据的本地协调的查询元素 在分布式系统的节点上进行计算。 本发明通过在优化之前的准备阶段中将包含这些类型的查询元素的子图识别和标记为“无TQ区”来提供这些特征和优点。 当优化器看到标记时,它建立一个计划,强制计算标记的子图在同一部分。 此准备阶段还提供“无TQ区域”的所有输入的分区信息。 这允许自下而上优化器正确地计划“无TQ区域”的分区。 这些分区可以将操作强制到单节点,协调器节点,目录节点或多个节点或节点组上的特定分区类。

    Synchronization of SQL actions in a relational database system
    5.
    发明授权
    Synchronization of SQL actions in a relational database system 失效
    在关系数据库系统中同步SQL操作

    公开(公告)号:US5873075A

    公开(公告)日:1999-02-16

    申请号:US884832

    申请日:1997-06-30

    IPC分类号: G06F17/30

    摘要: An automated system for detecting and preventing mutating table violations of database integrity in a SQL query before generation and selection of an optimal query execution plan (QEP). This system modifies the query graph model (QGM) to restrict the choice of execution plans to those that avoid mutating table integrity (MTI) violations, thereby forcing database integrity during table mutation when executing the optimal QEP. Mutating table integrity violations are detected by evaluating the position in the QGM of each write-node referencing a particular base table with respect to each of the positions of all other read- and write-nodes referencing of the same base table. Every common-referencing node pair is tested for sequencing conflicts and a data-flow dam is inserted in the QGM where necessary or a poke query is inserted between the nodes to force the completion of the execution of one node before initiating execution of the other common-referencing node. The system of this invention allows processing of all non-cyclic and most cyclic SQL queries known to cause mutating table integrity violations, such as queries having searched and positioned inserts, deletes and updates, and row-level triggers.

    摘要翻译: 一种用于在生成和选择最优查询执行计划(QEP)之前,在SQL查询中检测和防止突变表违反数据库完整性的自动化系统。 该系统修改查询图模型(QGM),将执行计划的选择限制为避免突变表完整性(MTI)违规的选择,从而在执行最佳QEP时强制表突变期间的数据库完整性。 通过评估参考相同基准表的所有其他读 - 写节点的每个位置的引用特定基表的每个写节点的QGM中的位置来检测突变表完整性违反。 每个公共参考节点对都进行排序冲突测试,并且数据流大坝插入到QGM中,如果需要,或者在节点之间插入一个戳查询,强制完成一个节点的执行,然后再启动另一个常见的执行 - 参考节点。 本发明的系统允许处理已知导致突变表完整性违例的所有非循环和大多数循环SQL查询,例如具有搜索和定位的插入,删除和更新的查询以及行级触发器。

    Incremental maintenance of aggregated and join summary tables
    6.
    发明授权
    Incremental maintenance of aggregated and join summary tables 有权
    聚合和连接汇总表的增量维护

    公开(公告)号:US06983291B1

    公开(公告)日:2006-01-03

    申请号:US09571554

    申请日:2000-05-16

    IPC分类号: G06F17/30

    CPC分类号: G06F17/30489

    摘要: A method, apparatus, and article of manufacture for incrementally maintaining a summary table derived from a plurality of base tables in a database stored on the computer. A plurality of modifications are applied to the base tables, and the applied modifications are then propagated to the summary table. The propagated modifications include an associated tag column containing a tag value, and the tag value indicates per row of the propagated modifications how many rows are to be added to or deleted from the summary table.

    摘要翻译: 一种用于在存储在计算机上的数据库中逐步维护从多个基表导出的汇总表的方法,装置和制品。 将多个修改应用于基表,然后将所应用的修改传播到汇总表。 传播的修改包括包含标签值的关联标签列,并且标签值指示传播的修改的每行将在摘要表中添加或删除多少行。

    Intelligent compilation of materialized view maintenance for query processing systems
    7.
    发明授权
    Intelligent compilation of materialized view maintenance for query processing systems 失效
    智能编译查询处理系统的物化视图维护

    公开(公告)号:US06581205B1

    公开(公告)日:2003-06-17

    申请号:US09464556

    申请日:1999-12-16

    IPC分类号: G06F945

    摘要: A method, apparatus, and article of manufacture for maintaining a materialized view derived from at least one base table in a database stored on a computer. An update is performed to the base table in a transaction. Thereafter, the materialized view is accessed to identify affected records therein using at least one mechanism, such as an isolation level or update- and exclusive-locks, to guarantee consistency while avoiding deadlocks with other transactions that modify at least one base table of the materialized view and to improve concurrency with other transactions that are accessing the materialized view when the modification to the base table is applied to the materialized view.

    摘要翻译: 一种用于在存储在计算机上的数据库中维护从至少一个基表导出的物化视图的方法,装置和制品。 在事务中对基表执行更新。 此后,访问物化视图以使用至少一种机制(例如隔离级别或更新和排他锁定)来确定其中的受影响的记录,以保证一致性,同时避免与修改实例化的至少一个基表的其他事务的死锁 查看并改进与基础表的修改应用于实例化视图时访问物化视图的其他事务的并发性。

    Incremental maintenance of summary tables with complex grouping expressions
    8.
    发明授权
    Incremental maintenance of summary tables with complex grouping expressions 有权
    使用复杂分组表达式对汇总表进行增量维护

    公开(公告)号:US06763352B2

    公开(公告)日:2004-07-13

    申请号:US09453982

    申请日:1999-12-02

    IPC分类号: G06F1730

    摘要: A method, apparatus, and article of manufacture for the incremental maintenance of summary tables with complex grouping expressions where the change (insert/delete/update) of a single row of the base data can affect multiple rows in the summary table. The invention applies the complex grouping expression to the raw delta, yielding a delta stream consisting of multiple (but distinct) grouping combinations. The invention then inserts/deletes/updates delta values into/from the existing summary table so that each grouping combination of the delta stream modifies its corresponding grouping combination in the summary table.

    摘要翻译: 用于增量维护具有复杂分组表达式的汇总表的方法,设备和制品,其中基本数据的单行更改(插入/删除/更新)可能会影响汇总表中的多个行。 本发明将复合分组表达​​式应用于原始delta,产生由多个(但不同的)分组组合组成的增量流。 然后,本发明将增量值插入/删除/更新现有的汇总表中,以便增量流的每个分组组合在汇总表中修改其对应的分组组合。

    Query optimization by transparently altering properties of relational tables using materialized views
    9.
    发明授权
    Query optimization by transparently altering properties of relational tables using materialized views 有权
    通过使用实例化视图透明地更改关系表的属性来进行查询优化

    公开(公告)号:US06339769B1

    公开(公告)日:2002-01-15

    申请号:US09152551

    申请日:1998-09-14

    IPC分类号: G06F1730

    摘要: A method, apparatus, and article of manufacture for optimizing database queries using a materialized view for a table referenced in the query, wherein the materialized view has different properties than the referenced table. The materialized view may be replicated across multiple processors of the computer system, so that some or all of the query can be executed in a local fashion wherein there is no data movement required to perform the operations. The materialized view also may be partitioned across multiple processors of the computer system using a different partitioning key than the referenced table. The materialized view may be a vertical and/or horizontal subset of the table, so that only selected columns and/or tuples from the table are present therein. Columns may be added to the materialized view to contain pre-computed results of complex expressions, and indices may be created on the columns of the materialized view.

    摘要翻译: 使用查询中引用的表的实例化视图优化数据库查询的方法,装置和制品,其中物化视图具有与所引用的表不同的属性。 实体化视图可以复制在计算机系统的多个处理器上,使得可以以本地方式执行部分或全部查询,其中不存在执行操作所需的数据移动。 实体化视图还可以使用与参考表不同的分区键在计算机系统的多个处理器上分区。 实例化视图可以是表的垂直和/或水平子集,使得仅在表中存在所选择的列和/或元组。 可以将列添加到物化视图以包含复合表达式的预计算结果,并且可以在物化视图的列上创建索引。

    System and method for incrementally maintaining non-distributive aggregate functions in a relational database
    10.
    发明授权
    System and method for incrementally maintaining non-distributive aggregate functions in a relational database 失效
    在关系数据库中逐步维护非分布式聚合函数的系统和方法

    公开(公告)号:US07020649B2

    公开(公告)日:2006-03-28

    申请号:US10335376

    申请日:2002-12-30

    IPC分类号: G06F17/30

    摘要: A system for incrementally maintaining non-distributive aggregate functions in a relational database includes a data storage device in which a relational database is stored. A processor communicates with the data storage device and includes a database maintenance module. The database maintenance module includes a program for incrementally maintaining non-distributive aggregate functions in a relational database. The method embodied in the program includes determining whether all functions in a relational database query are distributive. Based on this determination, a basic propagate phase graph is selectively altered to yield a new propagate phase graph. Changes to an automatic summary table are then applied thereto based on the new propagate phase graph.

    摘要翻译: 用于在关系数据库中递增地维护非分布式聚合函数的系统包括存储关系数据库的数据存储设备。 处理器与数据存储设备通信并且包括数据库维护模块。 数据库维护模块包括用于在关系数据库中逐步维护非分布式聚合函数的程序。 程序中包含的方法包括确定关系数据库查询中的所有功能是否是分布式的。 基于该确定,选择性地改变基本传播相图以产生新的传播相图。 然后根据新的传播阶段图,对自动摘要表进行更改。