公开(公告)号：US06850068B2

公开(公告)日：2005-02-01

申请号：US10462884

申请日：2003-06-16

申请人： Roland E. Chemali ,  Paul Pastusek ,  Friedhelm Makohl ,  René N. Ritter ,  Martin Townley Evans ,  Stanley T. Hewitt

发明人： Roland E. Chemali ,  Paul Pastusek ,  Friedhelm Makohl ,  René N. Ritter ,  Martin Townley Evans ,  Stanley T. Hewitt

IPC分类号： E21B47/01 ,  E21B47/024 ,  G01V3/24 ,  G01V3/28 ,  G01V3/20

CPC分类号： E21B47/024 ,  E21B47/01 ,  G01V3/24 ,  G01V3/28 ,  Y02A90/342

摘要： A method and apparatus for obtaining a resistivity measurement of an earth formation surrounding a borehole in an MWD device uses an electrode for injecting current into the earth formation and an electrode for obtaining a responsive signal from the borehole. The electrodes are located on the drill bit arm or blade. Measured resistivity values are obtained at the location of the drill bit. Measurements can be taken in both oil-based mud and water-based mud environments. Maximum or minimum resistivity can be used to best represent the resistivity of the surrounding formation.

摘要翻译： 用于获得MWD装置中的钻孔周围的地层的电阻率测量的方法和装置使用用于向地层注入电流的电极和用于从钻孔获得响应信号的电极。 电极位于钻头臂或刀片上。 在钻头的位置处获得测量的电阻率值。 可以在油基泥浆和水基泥浆环境中进行测量。 最大或最小电阻率可用于最好地表示周围地层的电阻率。

公开(公告)号：US07250768B2

公开(公告)日：2007-07-31

申请号：US10657870

申请日：2003-09-09

申请人： René N. Ritter ,  Matthias Gorek ,  Volker Krueger ,  Martin Townley Evans

发明人： René N. Ritter ,  Matthias Gorek ,  Volker Krueger ,  Martin Townley Evans

IPC分类号： G01V3/18

CPC分类号： G01V3/24 ,  G01V3/20 ,  G01V3/28 ,  G01V3/30

摘要： A resistivity sub including a resistivity sensor forms part of a bottom hole drilling assembly. The sensor is maintained at a substantially fixed offset from the wall of a borehole during drilling operations by, for example, a stabilizer. In WBM, galvanic sensors may be used, with or without commonly used focusing methods, for obtaining a resistivity image of the borehole wall. In OBM, capacitive coupling may be used. The apparatus is capable of using other types of sensors, such as induction, MPR, shielded dipole, quadrupole, and GPR sensors.

摘要翻译： 包括电阻率传感器的电阻率子层构成井底钻井组件的一部分。 在例如稳定器的钻井操作期间，传感器被保持在与钻孔壁基本上固定的偏移。 在WBM中，可以使用电流传感器，具有或不具有常用的聚焦方法，以获得井壁的电阻率图像。 在OBM中，可以使用电容耦合。 该装置能够使用其他类型的传感器，例如感应，MPR，屏蔽偶极子，四极杆和GPR传感器。

公开(公告)号：US06600321B2

公开(公告)日：2003-07-29

申请号：US10090374

申请日：2002-03-04

申请人： Martin Townley Evans

发明人： Martin Townley Evans

IPC分类号： G01V320

CPC分类号： E21B47/0002 ,  E21B47/01 ,  E21B47/024 ,  G01V3/24

摘要： An apparatus for obtaining resistivity images of a borehole having an oil-based mud includes a rotating measure electrode on a measurement-while-drilling apparatus. A modulated measure current is capacitively coupled to the formation through the nonconducting mud. The electrode may be carried on a stabilizer of the drilling assembly. An extendable arm may be used to maintain a desired distance between the electrode and the formation.

摘要翻译： 一种用于获得具有油基泥浆的钻孔的电阻率图像的装置，包括在测量同时钻探装置上的旋转测量电极。 调制测量电流通过非导电泥浆电容耦合到地层。 电极可以承载在钻井组件的稳定器上。 可以使用可伸缩臂来保持电极和地层之间的期望距离。

公开(公告)号：US06348796B2

公开(公告)日：2002-02-19

申请号：US09754431

申请日：2001-01-04

申请人： Martin Townley Evans ,  Andrew Richard Burt

发明人： Martin Townley Evans ,  Andrew Richard Burt

IPC分类号： G01V320

CPC分类号： G01V3/20

摘要： An apparatus for obtaining resistivity images of a borehole includes an array of measure electrodes separated from a pad or the body of the instrument by a guard electrode. The guard electrode is maintained at a slightly lower potential than the pad and the measure electrode is at an intermediate potential thereto. With this arrangement, the current from the guard electrode defocuses the measure current from the measure electrode as it enters the formation, and at greater distances, the current from the measure electrode is refocused by the effect of the current from the pad. This defocusing and refocusing defines a region of investigation away from the borehole wall that is relatively insensitive to borehole rugosity. Circumferential and vertical overlap may be obtained either by the arrangement of the measure electrodes, or by relying on the broadening of the measure beam as it enters the formation.

摘要翻译： 用于获得钻孔电阻率图像的装置包括通过保护电极与仪器的垫或仪器主体分离的测量电极阵列。 保护电极保持在比焊盘稍低的电位，并且测量电极处于中间电位。 通过这种布置，来自保护电极的电流在测量电极进入地层时使测量电流离散，并且在更大的距离处，来自测量电极的电流被来自焊盘的电流的影响重新聚焦。 这种散焦和重新聚焦定义了一个远离井壁的调查区域，对钻孔粗糙度相对不敏感。 可以通过测量电极的布置或者通过依靠测量梁进入地层时的扩宽来获得圆周和垂直重叠。

公开(公告)号：US07576543B2

公开(公告)日：2009-08-18

申请号：US11748846

申请日：2007-05-15

申请人： Rene N. Ritter ,  Matthias Gorek ,  Volker Krueger ,  Martin Townley Evans

发明人： Rene N. Ritter ,  Matthias Gorek ,  Volker Krueger ,  Martin Townley Evans

IPC分类号： G01V3/20

CPC分类号： G01V3/24 ,  G01V3/20 ,  G01V3/28 ,  G01V3/30

摘要： A resistivity sub including a resistivity sensor forms part of a bottom hole drilling assembly. The sensor is maintained at a substantially fixed offset from the wall of a borehole during drilling operations by, for example, a stabilizer. In WBM, galvanic sensors may be used, with or without commonly used focusing methods, for obtaining a resistivity image of the borehole wall. In OBM, capacitive coupling may be used. The apparatus is capable of using other types of sensors, such as induction, MPR, shielded dipole, quadrupole, and GPR sensors. It is emphasized that this abstract is provided to comply with the rules requiring an abstract which will allow a searcher or other reader to quickly ascertain the subject matter of the technical disclosure. It is submitted with the understanding that it will not be used to interpret or limit the scope or meaning of the claims. 37 CFR 1.72(b).

摘要翻译： 包括电阻率传感器的电阻率子层构成井底钻井组件的一部分。 在例如稳定器的钻井操作期间，传感器被保持在与钻孔壁基本上固定的偏移。 在WBM中，可以使用电流传感器，具有或不具有常用的聚焦方法，以获得井壁的电阻率图像。 在OBM中，可以使用电容耦合。 该装置能够使用其他类型的传感器，例如感应，MPR，屏蔽偶极子，四极杆和GPR传感器。 要强调的是，该摘要被提供以符合要求摘要的规则，这将允许搜索者或其他读者快速确定技术公开的主题。 提交它的理解是，它不会用于解释或限制权利要求的范围或含义。 37 CFR 1.72（b）。

公开(公告)号：US06714014B2

公开(公告)日：2004-03-30

申请号：US09836980

申请日：2001-04-18

申请人： Martin Townley Evans ,  Andrew Richard Burt ,  Albert Alexy

发明人： Martin Townley Evans ,  Andrew Richard Burt ,  Albert Alexy

IPC分类号： G01V320

CPC分类号： G01V3/28 ,  E21B47/026 ,  G01V3/24

摘要： An apparatus for obtaining resistivity images of a borehole includes an array of measure electrodes separated from a pad or the body of the instrument by a focusing electrode. The focusing electrode is maintained at a slightly higher potential than the measure electrodes. The apparatus is primarily intended for use with conducting fluids but may also be used with non-conducting fluids. A modulated electrical current with a carrier frequency of 1 MHz is injected into the formation. When used with a non-conducting fluid, capacitive coupling between the electrode and the conductive formation is provided by the dielectric of fluid. When used with a conducting borehole fluid, an additional capacitor may be incorporated into the circuit. The current in the measure electrode is indicative of the conductivity of the formation. To avoid cross-talk between conductors in an isolator section between the current source and the measure electrode, signals indicative of the measure currents are demodulated to a frequency of 1.1 kHz. This makes it possible to use the configuration of prior art devices designed for conductive coupling between the logging tool and the formation.

摘要翻译： 用于获得钻孔电阻率图像的装置包括通过聚焦电极与仪器的垫或仪器主体分离的测量电极阵列。 聚焦电极保持在比测量电极略高的电位。 该装置主要用于导电流体，但也可用于非导电流体。 将载波频率为1 MHz的调制电流注入地层。 当与非导电流体一起使用时，电极和导电层之间的电容耦合由流体的电介质提供。 当与导电钻孔流体一起使用时，可以将另外的电容器并入电路中。 测量电极中的电流表示地层的电导率。 为了避免电流源和测量电极之间的隔离器部分中的导体之间的串扰，指示测量电流的信号被解调为1.1kHz的频率。 这使得可以使用设计用于测井工具和地层之间的导电耦合的现有技术装置的构造。