公开(公告)号：US4326199A

公开(公告)日：1982-04-20

申请号：US176836

申请日：1980-08-11

申请人： Roy W. Tarpley ,  Larry A. Rehn ,  Paul H. Davis

发明人： Roy W. Tarpley ,  Larry A. Rehn ,  Paul H. Davis

IPC分类号： G08B21/18 ,  G08B21/00

CPC分类号： G08B21/182 ,  Y10T137/7287

摘要： An autoreferencing liquid level sensing apparatus and method determines the presence of a liquid by observation of the convective cooling rate of a heated temperature sensor. The temperature measured by the temperature sensor is compared with an adapting temperature reference whose initial value is determined from the initial measured temperature and whose value increases during the heating at a rate proportional to the rate of heating of the temperature sensor and the initial temperature. This comparison enables discrimination of whether the convective cooling rate of the temperature sensor is above or below a predetermined level. Because the rate of convective cooling depends in large part on the thermal capacity of the fluid surrounding the sensor, the convective cooling rate determination allows discrimination of whether the temperature sensor is surrounded by a gas or a liquid, or surrounded by one of two immiscible liquids having differing thermal properties.

摘要翻译： 自动参考液面检测装置和方法通过观察加热温度传感器的对流冷却速度来确定液体的存在。 将由温度传感器测量的温度与适应温度参考值进行比较，其初始值由初始测量温度确定，并且其值在加热期间以与温度传感器的加热速率和初始温度成比例的速率增加。 该比较使得能够区分温度传感器的对流冷却速度是否高于或低于预定水平。 由于对流冷却速率在很大程度上取决于传感器周围的流体的热容量，所以对流冷却速度确定允许区分温度传感器是由气体还是液体包围，或者由两种不混溶液体之一包围 具有不同的热性能。

公开(公告)号：US4321825A

公开(公告)日：1982-03-30

申请号：US146993

申请日：1980-05-05

申请人： Roy W. Tarpley ,  Larry A. Rehn ,  Paul H. Davis

发明人： Roy W. Tarpley ,  Larry A. Rehn ,  Paul H. Davis

IPC分类号： G01F1/684 ,  G01F1/692 ,  G01F1/68

CPC分类号： G01F1/684 ,  G01F1/692

摘要： A silicon temperature sensitive resistive element for employment as a convective cooling rate sensor. The convective cooling rate sensor comprises a small chip of silicon having an impurity ion cncentration level high enough to assure that the sensor exhibits an extrinsic positive temperature coefficient of resistance throughout a desired temperature range. The silicon chip is connected to a pair of metal electrodes. These metal electrodes have a cross-sectional area providing a desired rate of conductive cooling through these electrodes. A predetermined amount of electrical power is applied to the convective cooling rate sensor via the electrodes to cause ohmic self-heating of the sensor. The temperature of the sensor is determined by measuring the resistance of the sensor. The rate of temperature change is indicative of the rate of convective cooling of the sensor by the medium surrounding the sensor. This convective cooling rate sensor can be employed to determine which of two fluids of differing thermal conductivity surround the sensor or to determine the flow rate of a fluid of known thermal conductivity past the sensor.

摘要翻译： 用作对流冷却速率传感器的硅温敏电阻元件。 对流冷却速率传感器包括具有足够高的杂质离子浓度水平的硅的小芯片，以确保传感器在整个期望的温度范围内表现出外在的正电阻温度系数。 硅芯片连接到一对金属电极。 这些金属电极具有通过这些电极提供期望的导电冷却速率的横截面面积。 通过电极将预定量的电力施加到对流冷却速率传感器，以引起传感器的欧姆自加热。 通过测量传感器的电阻来确定传感器的温度。 温度变化率表示传感器周围的介质对传感器的对流冷却速率。 该对流冷却速率传感器可用于确定传感器周围具有不同热导率的两种流体中的哪一种，或者确定通过传感器的已知热导率的流体的流速。

公开(公告)号：US5488825A

公开(公告)日：1996-02-06

申请号：US332309

申请日：1994-10-31

申请人： Paul H. Davis ,  Mark T. Kennedy ,  William E. North

发明人： Paul H. Davis ,  Mark T. Kennedy ,  William E. North

IPC分类号： F01D5/18 ,  F01D9/06

CPC分类号： F01D5/187 ,  F01D9/065 ,  F05D2240/10 ,  F05D2240/81 ,  F05D2260/2212

摘要： A gas turbine stationary vane having an airfoil portion and inner and outer shrouds. Five serpentine radially extending cooling air passages are formed in the vane airfoil. The first passage is disposed adjacent the leading edge of the airfoil and the second passage is disposed adjacent the trailing edge. A first portion of the cooling air enters the first passage, from which it flows sequentially to the second, third, fourth and fifth passages. Additional cooling air enters the third passage directly, thereby bypassing the first and second passages and preventing over heating of the cooling air by the time it reaches the fifth passage. A radial tube extends through the second passage and directs cooling air through the airfoil, with essentially no rise in temperature, to an interstage cavity for disc cooling. Fins project into each of the passages and serve to increase the effectiveness and flow rate of the cooling air. The fins in the first and fifth passages are angled so as to direct the cooling air toward the leading and trailing edges, respectively. In addition, the fins in the second through fifth passages are angled to retard flow separation as the cooling air turns 180.degree. from one passage to the next.

摘要翻译： 具有翼型部分和内外护罩的燃气轮机静叶片。 五个蛇形径向延伸的冷却空气通道形成在叶片翼型中。 第一通道邻近翼型件的前缘设置，第二通道邻近后缘设置。 冷却空气的第一部分进入第一通道，从第一通道依次流向第二通道，第三通道，第四通道和第五通道。 额外的冷却空气直接进入第三通道，从而绕过第一通道和第二通道，并防止冷却空气到达第五通道时过热。 径向管延伸穿过第二通道，并将冷却空气通过翼型（基本上没有温度上升）引导到用于盘冷却的阶段空腔。 风管投入到每个通道中，用于提高冷却空气的有效性和流量。 第一和第五通道中的翅片是成角度的，以分别将冷却空气引向前缘和后缘。 此外，第二至第五通道中的翅片成角度以便随着冷却空气从一个通道转到下一个通道180°而延迟流动分离。