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公开(公告)号：US4858441A
公开(公告)日：1989-08-22
申请号：US147126
申请日：1988-01-21
CPC分类号： F02G1/0445 , F03G7/002 , F25B9/145 , F02G2243/52 , F02G2250/18 , F25B2309/1403 , F25B2309/1407 , F25B2309/1416
摘要： A heat-driven acoustic cooling engine having no moving parts receives heat from a heat source. The acoustic cooling engine comprises an elongated resonant pressure vessel having first and second ends. A compressible fluid having a substantial thermal expansion coefficient and capable of supporting an acoustic standing wave is contained in the resonant pressure vessel. The heat source supplies heat to the first end of the vessel. A first heat exchanger in the vessel is spaced-apart from the first end and receives heat from the first end. A first thermodynamic element is adjacent to the first heat exchanger and converts some of the heat transmitted by the first heat exchanger into acoustic power. A second thermodynamic element has a first end located spaced-apart from the first thermodynamic element and a second end farther away from the first thermodynamic element than is its first end. The first end of the second thermodynamic element heats while its second end cools as a consequence of the acoustic power. A second heat exchanger is adjacent to and between the first and second thermodynamic elements. A heat sink outside of the vessel is thermally coupled to and receives heat from the second heat exchanger. The resonant pressure vessel can include a housing less than one-fourth wavelength in length coupled to a reservoir. The housing can include a reduced diameter portion communicating with the reservoir.
摘要翻译： 没有移动部件的热驱动声冷却发动机从热源接收热量。 声学冷却发动机包括具有第一和第二端的细长谐振压力容器。 在共振压力容器中包含具有实质的热膨胀系数且能够支撑声驻波的可压缩流体。 热源将热量提供给容器的第一端。 容器中的第一热交换器与第一端间隔开并且从第一端接收热量。 第一热力学元件与第一热交换器相邻，并将由第一热交换器传输的一些热量转换成声功率。 第二热力学元件具有与第一热力学元件间隔开的第一端和远离第一热力学元件的第二端远离其第一端。 第二热力学元件的第一端加热，而其第二端作为声功率的结果而冷却。 第二热交换器与第一和第二热力学元件相邻并且位于第一和第二热力学元件之间。 容器外部的散热器热耦合到第二热交换器并从第二热交换器接收热量。 谐振压力容器可以包括耦合到储存器的长度小于四分之一波长的壳体。 壳体可以包括与储存器连通的直径减小的部分。
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公开(公告)号：US4722201A
公开(公告)日：1988-02-02
申请号：US942049
申请日：1986-12-16
CPC分类号： F25B9/145 , F02G2243/52 , F25B2309/1404 , F25B2309/1407 , F25B2309/1416
摘要： An acoustic cooling engine with improved thermal performance and reduced internal losses comprises a compressible fluid contained in a resonant pressure vessel. The fluid has a substantial thermal expansion coefficient and is capable of supporting an acoustic standing wave. A thermodynamic element has first and second ends and is located in the resonant pressure vessel in thermal communication with the fluid. The thermal response of the thermodynamic element to the acoustic standing wave pumps heat from the second end to the first end. The thermodynamic element permits substantial flow of the fluid through the thermodynamic element. An acoustic driver cyclically drives the fluid with an acoustic standing wave. The driver is at a location of maximum acoustic impedance in the resonant pressure vessel and proximate the first end of the thermodynamic element. A hot heat exchanger is adjacent to and in thermal communication with the first end of the thermodynamic element. The hot heat exchanger conducts heat from the first end to portions of the resonant pressure vessel proximate the hot heat exchanger. The hot heat exchanger permits substantial flow of the fluid through the hot heat exchanger. The resonant pressure vessel can include a housing less than one quarter wavelength in length coupled to a reservoir. The housing can include a reduced diameter portion communicating with the reservoir. The frequency of the acoustic driver can be continuously controlled so as to maintain resonance.
摘要翻译： 具有改进的热性能和减少的内部损耗的声学冷却发动机包括容纳在共振压力容器中的可压缩流体。 该流体具有相当大的热膨胀系数并且能够支持声驻波。 热力学元件具有第一和第二端并且位于与流体热连通的谐振压力容器中。 热力学元件对声驻波的热响应将热量从第二端泵送到第一端。 热力学元件允许流体通过热力学元件的大量流动。 声学驱动器循环地驱动具有声驻波的流体。 驱动器位于谐振压力容器中并且靠近热力学元件的第一端处的最大声阻抗的位置。 热交换器与热力学元件的第一端相邻并与其热连通。 热交换器将热量从第一端传导到靠近热交换器的共振压力容器的部分。 热交换器允许流体大量流过热交换器。 共振压力容器可以包括耦合到储存器的长度小于四分之一波长长度的壳体。 壳体可以包括与储存器连通的直径减小的部分。 可以连续地控制声学驱动器的频率以便保持谐振。
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公开(公告)号：US5369485A
公开(公告)日：1994-11-29
申请号：US163789
申请日：1993-12-09
IPC分类号： G01H9/00 , G01P15/093 , G01B9/02
CPC分类号： G01P15/093 , G01H9/004
摘要： An accelerometer or seismometer has an elastic disk bearing a mass distributed peripherally around the disk. The disk is supported for flexure and for isolation from mounting strain by a stob centrally through the disk. The accelerometer or seismometer has a pair of flat spirals of optical fiber, each spiral being fixedly attached to a corresponding disk side so that disk flexure lengthens a spiral on one disk side and shortens a spiral on an oppositely facing disk side and so that temperature differences between the spirals are minimized. The pair of spirals are connected as legs of a fiber optic interferometer so that the interferometer provides an output corresponding to the flexure. Several of the disks and asociated pairs of spirals may be coaxially mounted to provide increased sensitivity.
摘要翻译： 加速度计或地震仪具有一个弹性圆盘，该弹性圆盘在圆周周围分布着质量分布。 磁盘支持弯曲，并通过磁盘中央通过磁盘进行隔离以防止安装应变。 加速度计或地震仪具有一对光纤扁平螺旋，每个螺旋固定地连接到相应的磁盘侧，使得磁盘弯曲在一个磁盘侧延长螺旋并缩短相对的磁盘侧上的螺旋，从而使温度差 螺旋之间的最小化。 一对螺旋线作为光纤干涉仪的腿连接，使得干涉仪提供对应于挠曲的输出。 可以同轴安装几个圆盘和相互关联的螺旋对以提供增加的灵敏度。
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公开(公告)号：US4959539A
公开(公告)日：1990-09-25
申请号：US326819
申请日：1989-03-20
摘要： A hydrophone or other acoustic vibration sensing apparatus having a disk circumferentially supported for flexure induced by acoustic vibrations and wound on each side with a flat spiral of optical fiber fixedly attached to the disk side so that flexure of the disk due to the vibrations lengthens the spiral on one side and shortens the spiral on the other side. The spirals are connected as two legs of a fiber optic interferometer to provide an output corresponding to the vibrations while canceling errors due to pressure and temperature effects common to the legs. A pair of the disks and associated optical fiber spirals may be mounted on opposite ends of a body with the outer spirals connected as one interferometer leg and the inner spirals as another leg to cancel differences in the lengths of the legs due to acceleration induced flexure of the disks and to provide double the sensitivity to pressure differential of a single disk.
摘要翻译： 一种水听器或其他声学振动感测装置，其具有圆周地支撑用于由声音振动引起的挠曲的盘，并且在每侧具有固定地附接到盘侧的光纤的扁平螺旋形缠绕的盘，使得由于振动而导致的盘的弯曲延长了螺旋 在另一边缩短螺旋。 螺旋线连接为光纤干涉仪的两条腿，以提供对应于振动的输出，同时消除由于腿部共同的压力和温度影响引起的误差。 一对盘和相关联的光纤螺旋可以安装在主体的相对端上，外螺旋连接为一个干涉仪腿，内螺旋作为另一个腿，以消除由于加速度引起的挠曲引起的腿的长度差异 并为单个磁盘的压差提供双倍的灵敏度。
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5.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US5901556A
公开(公告)日：1999-05-11
申请号：US979371
申请日：1997-11-26
申请人： Thomas J. Hofler
发明人： Thomas J. Hofler
CPC分类号： F03G7/002 , F25B9/145 , H02K35/06 , F02G2243/52 , F02G2243/54 , F25B2309/1403 , F25B2309/1405 , F25B2309/1407 , F25B2309/1408 , F25B2309/1412 , F25B2309/1416
摘要： This invention describes a new geometry for a heat driven thermoacoustic me mover (i.e. acoustic motor) and its application to a thermoacoustic refrigerator and to an electricity generator. The heat driven acoustic refrigerator has no moving parts, and is thus extremely reliable, simple, and cheap to manufacture. Unlike previous heat driven acoustic cooling engines, it has good efficiency and compactness and is easy to start, avoiding destructively high temperatures upon start-up. The cooling engine is saleable over an extremely wide range of cooling capacities from integrated circuit and sensor cooling to building air-conditioning. The electricity generating engine has modest efficiency, but may be attractive in remote applications where high-reliability or low cost or low environmental noise or solar powering is important. The generator is likely to be most attractive in capacities of a few kW to below 100 W where a tiny engine would be impractical using other technologies.
摘要翻译： 本发明描述了用于热驱动热声原动机（即，声学马达）的新几何形状及其在热声冰箱和发电机中的应用。 热驱声音冰箱没有移动部件，因此非常可靠，简单，制造便宜。 与以前的热驱声学冷却发动机不同，它具有良好的效率和紧凑性，并且容易启动，避免启动时的破坏性高温。 冷却发动机可以从集成电路和传感器冷却到建筑空调的非常宽的冷却能力范围内销售。 发电机效率不高，但在高可靠性或低成本或低环境噪声或太阳能供电重要的远程应用中可能具有吸引力。 发电机可能在几kW到100 W以下的最大吸引力，其中一个微型发动机将不可行使用其他技术。
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公开(公告)号：US5317929A
公开(公告)日：1994-06-07
申请号：US651856
申请日：1991-02-07
IPC分类号： G01H9/00 , G01P15/093 , G01P15/08
CPC分类号： G01P15/093 , G01H9/004
摘要： An accelerometer or seismometer has a pair of flat spirals of optical fiber and has one or more elastic disks bearing a mass and supported for flexure. Each spiral is fixedly attached to a corresponding disk side so that disk flexure lengthens a spiral on one disk side and shortens a spiral on an oppositely facing disk side, the spirals being connected as legs of a fiber optic interferometer so that the interferometer provides an output corresponding to the flexure. A pair of the disks may be mounted oppositely of a sealed body with a pair of the spirals arranged to minimize the effect of pressure changes on the sensor, and a pair of the spirals may be mounted oppositely of a thermally conducting disk to minimize temperature differences between the spirals. The mass may be centrally mounted on a disk with the disk peripherally supported, or the mass may be distributed around the disk periphery with the disk centrally supported for isolation from mounting strain. Several of the disks may be coaxially mounted to provide increased sensitivity.
摘要翻译： 加速度计或地震仪具有一对光纤的扁平螺旋，并且具有一个或多个带有质量的弹性盘，并被支撑用于弯曲。 每个螺旋固定地附接到相应的磁盘侧，使得磁盘弯曲在一个磁盘侧上延长螺旋并缩短在相对的盘侧上的螺旋，螺旋作为光纤干涉仪的腿连接，使得干涉仪提供输出 对应于挠曲。 一对盘可以与密封体相对地安装，其中一对螺旋布置成使传感器上的压力变化的影响最小化，并且一对螺旋可以与导热盘相反地安装以最小化温度差 螺旋之间。 质量块可以集中安装在具有外围支撑的盘的盘上，或者质量可以围绕盘周边分布，盘被中心地支撑以与安装应变隔离。 可以同轴安装几个盘以提供增加的灵敏度。
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公开(公告)号：US05996345A
公开(公告)日：1999-12-07
申请号：US246211
申请日：1999-01-22
申请人： Thomas J. Hofler
发明人： Thomas J. Hofler
CPC分类号： F03G7/002 , F25B9/145 , H02K35/06 , F02G2243/52 , F02G2243/54 , F25B2309/1403 , F25B2309/1405 , F25B2309/1407 , F25B2309/1408 , F25B2309/1412 , F25B2309/1416
摘要： The electricity generating engine has modest efficiency, but may be attrave in remote applications where high-reliability or low cost or low environmental noise or solar powering is important. The generator is likely to be most attractive in capacities of a few kW to below 100 W where a tiny engine would be impractical using other technologies.
摘要翻译： 发电机效率不高，但在高可靠性或低成本或低环境噪声或太阳能供电重要的远程应用中可能具有吸引力。 发电机可能在几kW到100 W以下的最大吸引力，其中一个微型发动机将不可行使用其他技术。
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