Abstract:
A system for measuring a topographical feature on a specimen including apparatus for scanning an electron beam across the feature at high speed, first and second electron detector apparatus organized in pairs, apparatus for signal processing of a first signal received from the first electron detector apparatus thereby to identify elements of a cross-sectional profile of the feature, apparatus for signal processing of a second signal received from the second electron detector apparatus generally separately from the signal processing of the first signal thereby to identify elements of a cross-sectional profile of the feature, and apparatus for incorporating the elements identified from the first electron detector apparatus and the elements identified from the second electron detector apparatus thereby to produce a composite picture of the feature.
Abstract:
An apparatus provides in-situ radiation treating utilizing a miniature energy transducer to produce x-rays, wherein the energy transducer includes a Schottky cathode tip. More specifically, the energy transducer includes a transducer body, an anode provided at a first end of the transducer body, and a cathode provided at a second end of the transducer body opposite the anode. The energy transducer is coupled to an energy source by a flexible insertion device. The energy source provides electrical and/or light signals to the energy transducer via the flexible insertion device. Light transmitted from the energy source to the energy transducer by the flexible insertion device is focused on a Schottky cathode tip of the cathode by the optical fiber provided in the hollow core of the anode. The application of the light signal to the cathode tip results in heating of the tip and along with the electric field generated by the acceleration voltage it leads to electron Schottky emission and electron acceleration towards the anode. In another preferred embodiment, an electrical current, transmitted from the energy source to the energy transducer by the flexible insertion device, is applied to the Schottky cathode tip of the cathode, causing thermo-emission. The electrons generated due to this process are accelerated towards the anode across a voltage difference between the anode and the cathode.
Abstract:
A method and system for ultrasonic imaging of bone tissue. A wide band scanning crystal transmits an ultrasonic signal of high frequency and multiple full waves into the bone tissue, and a second wide band scanning crystal receives the transmitted signal. The transmission frequency is progressively decreased until the number of full waves in the received signal equals that of the transmitted signal. At that frequency, the upper frequency limit, the number of full waves in the transmitted signal is gradually increased until the received signal contains at least two consecutive full waves of equal amplitude. The resultant transmission signal is then used to measure signal attenuation and velocity in bone tissue, in terms of standard bone imaging techniques. A lower frequency limit, below which the received signal undergoes distortion, is defined, and ultrasonic velocity depicted as a function of transmission frequency. Received ultrasonic wave frequency spectra, and the difference between the upper and lower frequency limits, are all used to image the bone tissue. Probe orientation is enhanced by a mechanism whereby a third wide band screening crystal receives the transmitted signal concomitantly with the second screening crystal. The signals received by the two wide band scanning crystals are correlated with each other to give a numerical indicator of the adequacy of probe orientation.
Abstract:
The present invention related to miniaturized x-ray tubes, that enable radiation treatment by locating the x-ray source within a human body in close vicinity to or inside of the area to be treated with X-rays. Advantageously, the present invention eliminates most of the problems related to the methods based on a radioactive source and offers a method for efficient and controllable radiation treatment.
Abstract:
A method and system for aiming a small caliber weapon at a target wherein a light beam is directed from the weapon towards an area of the target so as to form a light spot on an object in the target area and the light spot is imaged on a two-dimensional detector so as to form an image thereon whose displacement from an origin of the detector bears a predetermined relationship to a corresponding displacement of the object from a center of the target. The image of the light spot is projected on to a visor worn by a marksman having a reference mark thereon for visually determining the center of the target, and the cycle is repeated as required until the projected image of the light spot on the visor is coincident with the reference mark.
Abstract:
A biometric device that may include a sensor that reacts to a chemical element associated with a sweat gland; wherein when the sensor is contacted by an area of a skin of a person, an image that comprises information about locations of sweat glands within the area of the skin of the person is generated by the sensor; an image processor that is configured to generate an authentication result by comparing between (a) the information of the image generated by the sensor and (b) reference information of locations of sweat glands of a given person; wherein the authentication result indicates whether the person is the given person; and a communication module for communicating an authentication result indication.
Abstract:
A method for communicating with a given device that is located at a given direction, the method may include transmitting a triggering signal, by a communication device and over a directional communication link; receiving, by the communication device, one or more responses to the triggering signal, wherein the one or more responses originate from one or more devices; participating in determining of whether the one or more devices comprises the given device or receiving indication about whether the one or more devices comprises the given device; and when the one or more devices comprises the given device then attempting, by the communication device, to establish communication with the given device.
Abstract:
A biometric device that may include a sensor that reacts to a chemical element associated with a sweat gland; wherein when the sensor is contacted by an area of a skin of a person, an image that comprises information about locations of sweat glands within the area of the skin of the person is generated by the sensor; an image processor that is configured to generate an authentication result by comparing between (a) the information of the image generated by the sensor and (b) reference information of locations of sweat glands of a given person; wherein the authentication result indicates whether the person is the given person; and a communication module for communicating an authentication result indication
Abstract:
A biometric device, comprising: a sensor that reacts to a chemical element associated with a sweat gland; and when the sensor is contacted by an area of a skin of a person, an image that comprises visual information about locations of sweat glands within the area of the skin of the person
Abstract:
A method of estimating a range of age of a subject, the method comprising: a) making at least one measurement of epidermal ridges of the subject; and b) estimating at least a range of age of the subject, using the measurements of the epidermal ridges, without using the measurements to identify the subject.