公开(公告)号：US3928976A

公开(公告)日：1975-12-30

申请号：US47711674

申请日：1974-06-06

Applicant: WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC CORP

Inventor： BRAYTENBAH ANDREW S ,  JAEGTNES KARL O ,  SMITH MILLARD F

IPC: F01D21/00 ,  F01D21/02 ,  F01D21/16 ,  F01D21/20 ,  F01K13/02

CPC classification number: F01D21/02 ,  F01D21/20

Abstract: An electrohydraulic emergency trip system and method, which rapidly closes the steam inlet valves to the turbine in response to one of a plurality of predetermined contingencies that are sensed by redundant devices is disclosed. The system is energized electrically by two independent power sources in a failsafe arrangement, both of which must fail to result in an unwarranted trip. Hydraulically, the system includes first and second trip valve means, both of which must operate to trip the turbine, and each of which are energized by one of the independent power sources. A test and indication panel is provided for selectively testing the response of the system to the occurrence of the predetermined contingencies and includes alarms and indications of system condition. Contingency simulation means are provided for subjecting each of the contingency sensing devices to a respective emergency trip environment during operation and the response of the system thereto without affecting the operational condition being simulated, and permitting the system to remain responsive to a trip contingency.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种电液式紧急跳闸系统和方法，其响应于由冗余设备感测到的多个预定意外事件中的一个而迅速关闭到涡轮机的蒸汽入口阀。 该系统在故障安全装置中由两个独立的电源电气供电，两者都不能导致无理的行程。 在液压方面，该系统包括第一和第二跳闸阀装置，它们都必须工作以使涡轮机跳闸，并且其中的每一个由独立动力源之一激励。 提供测试和指示面板，用于选择性地测试系统对预定意外事件的发生的响应，并且包括系统状况的报警和指示。 应急模拟装置被提供用于在操作期间对每个应急感测装置进行相应的紧急跳闸环境以及系统的响应，而不影响正在模拟的操作条件，并且允许系统保持响应于跳闸应急状态。

公开(公告)号：US3891344A

公开(公告)日：1975-06-24

申请号：US29808172

申请日：1972-10-16

Applicant: WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC CORP

Inventor： BRAYTENBAH ANDREW S

IPC: F01D17/24 ,  F01D17/00

CPC classification number: F01D17/24

Abstract: An improvement in the operation of an electric power plant utilizing a steam turbine controlled, in an automatic mode, by means of a digital computer, is accomplished by simplifying the interaction between the programmed automatic process control and the manual backup control. The position setpoint for each of a plurality of valves in the system to be controlled is established as a direct digital holding function in a respective bistable relay register. In addition, a single valve control holding register is provided which is coupled to all of the valve position controls in parallel. Automatic operation is then possible in either single valve or programmed sequential valve modes, and the programmed interaction to accomplish switching from manual to automatic control is simplified by updating the automatic control status until the single valve holding register has a setting equal to the manual control representation before consummating the manual to automatic switching. The direct digital holding registers also improve total system operation in eliminating drift with respect to the valve positions represented so as to extend the period of reliable operation in the manual mode, and also make it possible to retain the last valid position setpoints held in the respective registers prior to a computer power failure.

Abstract translation: 通过简化程序化的自动过程控制和手动备份控制之间的交互来实现利用以自动模式通过数字计算机控制的蒸汽轮机的电力设备的操作的改进。 要控制的系统中的多个阀中的每一个的位置设定值被建立为相应的双稳态继电器寄存器中的直接数字保持功能。 此外，提供单个阀控制保持寄存器，其并联连接到所有阀位置控制。 在单个阀门或编程的顺序阀门模式下可自动运行，通过更新自动控制状态直到单个阀保持寄存器的设置等于手动控制表示，从而简化了手动切换到自动控制的编程交互 在完成手动自动切换之前。 直接数字保持寄存器还改善总体系统操作，消除相对于所表示的阀位置的漂移，以便延长在手动模式下的可靠操作的周期，并且还可以保持保持在相应的位置的最后有效位置设定值 在计算机电源故障之前注册。

公开(公告)号：US3928975A

公开(公告)日：1975-12-30

申请号：US47711574

申请日：1974-06-06

Applicant: WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC CORP

Inventor： BRAYTENBAH ANDREW S

IPC: F01D21/00 ,  F01K13/02

CPC classification number: F01D21/00

Abstract: An electrohydraulic emergency trip system for a turbine power plant to close rapidly the steam inlet valves to the turbine is disclosed. The hydraulic portion of the system for decreasing the trip fluid pressure to the steam inlet valves is governed by a first and second electrically operable trip valve means, both of which are operated to trip the turbine. Each of the trip valve means is controlled by an independent voltage source. A contingency detection means, which operates in response to a trip contingency, is energized by a third voltage source that is generated by one or both of the first and second voltage sources. The system provides for ground fault detection upon testing for a trip contingency.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于涡轮发电厂的电动液压紧急跳闸系统，以快速关闭到涡轮机的蒸汽入口阀。 用于减小到蒸汽入口阀的跳闸流体压力的系统的液压部分由第一和第二电可操作的跳闸阀装置控制，两者都被操作以使涡轮机跳闸。 每个跳闸阀装置由独立的电压源控制。 响应于跳闸应急操作的意外事件检测装置被由第一和第二电压源中的一个或两个产生的第三电压源激励。 该系统在测试行程偶然性时提供接地故障检测。

公开(公告)号：US3894394A

公开(公告)日：1975-07-15

申请号：US46302774

申请日：1974-04-22

Applicant: WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC CORP

Inventor： BRAYTENBAH ANDREW S ,  JAEGTNES KARL O

IPC: F22B1/06 ,  F01D19/02 ,  F01D21/14 ,  F01K3/18 ,  F01K7/24 ,  F01K9/04 ,  F22B1/16 ,  F22B37/42 ,  G21D3/08 ,  G21D5/06

CPC classification number: F01D19/02 ,  F01K7/24

Abstract: A control system for a high temperature gas cooled reactor (HTGR) power plant is disclosed wherein such plant includes a plurality of steam generators, each deriving heat from a respective circulating flow of reactor coolant gas to supply superheated steam to a common main steam header and reheated steam to a common hot reheat header. Dual turbine-generators are connected to the common headers, a high pressure element of each turbine receiving steam from the main steam header, and an intermediate-low pressure element of each turbine receiving steam from the hot reheat header. Associated with each high pressure element is a bypass line connected between the main steam header and a cold reheat header, which is commonly connected to the high pressure element exhausts. Associated with each intermediate-low pressure element is a first bypass line connected between the hot reheat header and a respective condenser, and a second bypass line connected between the hot reheat header and an alternate steam receiving means such as a secondary condenser or atmosphere. The reactor coolant gas is circulated through each steam generator by an associated helium circulator which is rotated by an auxiliary steam turbine connected between the cold reheat header and the reheater section of the respective steam generator. A control system governs the flow of steam through the first and second bypass lines to provide for a desired minimum steam flow through the steam generator reheater sections at times when the total steam flow through the turbines is less than such minimum, and to regulate the hot reheat header steam pressure to improve control of the auxiliary steam turbines and thereby improve control of the reactor coolant gas flow, particularly following a turbine trip. When the desired steam flow through an intermediate-low pressure turbine is less than the predetermined minimum, the control system governs the flow of steam through the first bypass line so that the combined turbine and bypass steam flow is equal to the predetermined minimum. The steam flow through the second bypass line is controlled to regulate the flow of steam through the first bypass line at a predetermined variable limit value. At times when there is a difference between detected and desired values of hot reheat header steam pressure, the control system reduces such difference by varying the steam flow through one of the bypass lines in proportion to such difference. The steam flow through the second bypass line is varied only when the flow of steam through the first bypass line is at the predetermined variable limit.

公开(公告)号：US3928977A

公开(公告)日：1975-12-30

申请号：US47711774

申请日：1974-06-06

Applicant: WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC CORP

Inventor： BRAYTENBAH ANDREW S ,  JAEGTNES KARL O

IPC: F01D21/00 ,  F01D21/20 ,  F01K13/02

CPC classification number: F01D21/00 ,  F01D21/20

Abstract: An electrohydraulic trip system for closing rapidly the steam inlet valves to a turbine power plant is disclosed. The system includes redundant components for sensing and hydraulically responding to a turbine trip contingency. The hydraulic portion includes two pairs of electrically operable trip valves so arranged that at least one valve of each pair must be operated to trip the turbine. A test switch on the test and indication panel initiates the test by simulating the trip contingency environment for a portion of the redundant sensors and operates the system to open only one pair of the trip valves. During such testing operation, the remaining sensors for the same and other trip contingencies are responsive to open the other pair of trip valves to trip the turbine. The testing of the system can be accomplished for each trip contingency for each portion of the system consecutively. The trip contingencies involving pressure, such as bearing oil and vacuum, for example, are simulated and rendered responsive simultaneously to a real trip contingency by a fluid system that includes means for deviating from operating pressure for testing without actually affecting the operational characteristics of the system being tested, or the capability of the system to respond to an actual deviation in pressure. The electrical portion of the system is switched for testing from a dual system to a split system. With respect to the electrical overspeed contingency, the simulation is transferred from one portion of the system to the other for testing.

Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于快速关闭蒸汽入口阀到涡轮发电厂的电液脱扣系统。 该系统包括用于感测和液压响应涡轮机跳闸应急的冗余部件。 液压部分包括两对电动操作的跳闸阀，其布置成使得每对中的至少一个阀必须被操作以使涡轮机跳闸。 测试和指示面板上的测试开关通过模拟一部分冗余传感器的跳闸应急环境启动测试，并操作系统仅打开一对跳闸阀。 在这种测试操作期间，用于相同和其它跳闸应急的剩余传感器响应于打开另一对跳闸阀以使涡轮机跳闸。

公开(公告)号：US3643437A

公开(公告)日：1972-02-22

申请号：US3643437D

申请日：1969-10-16

Applicant: WESTINGHOUSE ELECTRIC CORP

Inventor： BIRNBAUM MANFRED E ,  BRAYTENBAH ANDREW S ,  RICHARDSON ARTHUR W

IPC: F01D21/02 ,  F01K7/24 ,  F01K13/02 ,  F01K17/02

CPC classification number: F01D21/02 ,  F01K7/24 ,  Y02T50/671

Abstract: The disclosure relates to a steam turbine-driven electrical generating plant wherein a protection system is provided for preventing the turbines from reaching speeds which would result in damage to the turbines; such speeds resulting from a sudden partial or entire loss of the electrical load. A partial loss of the load is sensed by a comparison of the inlet pressure at the lower pressure turbine stages with the output power provided to the load. If the output power decreases according to a predetermined relationship and if the input pressure corresponds to a value above a predetermined percentage of rated load, the interceptor valve is closed for a predetermined period of time to stop steam flow between the steam reheating apparatus and the lower turbine stages and thereby to reduce turbine speed buildup during and up to the time that additional load is connected to the generator output. In the event of a total load loss, which is determined in the same manner as in the case of a partial loss of the load but with the additional criteria that the circuit breakers associated with the generator be opened, both the intercept valve and the main governor valve, which regulates the steam through the high-pressure turbine stages, are closed. Whenever the speed of the turbine generator exceeds a predetermined percentage of rated speed, an overspeed protection system maintains both the interceptor valve and the governor valve in a closed position and cooperates with the main governor valve control system to relieve steam pressure within the reheating apparatus.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及一种蒸汽涡轮机驱动的发电设备，其中提供保护系统以防止涡轮机达到将导致涡轮机损坏的速度; 这种速度是由电负载的突然部分或全部损失引起的。 通过将低压涡轮级的入口压力与提供给负载的输出功率进行比较来检测负载的部分损失。 如果输出功率根据预定关系而降低，并且如果输入压力对应于高于额定负载的预定百分比的值，则拦截阀关闭预定时间段以停止蒸汽再加热装置与下部蒸汽加热装置之间的蒸汽流动 涡轮级，从而在附加负载连接到发电机输出的期间和之前降低涡轮机速度的积累。 在总负载损失的情况下，其以与负载的部分损失的情况相同的方式确定，但是具有与发电机相关联的断路器的额外标准被打开，拦截阀和主体 调节通过高压涡轮级的蒸汽的调节阀被关闭。 每当涡轮发电机的速度超过额定转速的预定百分比时，超速保护系统将拦截阀和调速阀都保持在关闭位置，并与主调节阀控制系统配合，以减轻再加热装置内的蒸汽压力。