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公开(公告)号：US5652501A
公开(公告)日：1997-07-29
申请号：US353620
申请日：1994-12-12
IPC分类号： H02J7/00 , G01N27/416
CPC分类号： H02J7/0019 , Y10S320/21
摘要： A battery charger/monitor circuit for charging and/or monitoring a plurality of series-connected cells, including a voltage sensor for sensing the voltage across each of the cells to provide a high cell voltage signal proportional to the highest voltage across any of the cells and a low cell voltage signal proportional to the lowest voltage across any of the cells. The circuit is operable in a monitor mode or a charge mode. In the monitor mode, the cells are disconnected from a load if the low cell voltage signal decreases to a first predetermined level. The circuit includes a controller which provides a control signal in response to the high cell voltage signal, the low cell voltage signal and a current sense signal, for controlling the charging of the cells. In the charge mode, the cells receive a constant charge current until the high cell voltage signal reaches a second predetermined level, after which the voltage across the cell charged to the highest voltage is held substantially constant, causing the charge current to be reduced.
摘要翻译： 一种用于对多个串联连接的电池进行充电和/或监视的电池充电器/监视器电路，包括用于感测每个电池两端的电压的电压传感器，以提供与跨越任何电池的最高电压成比例的高电池电压信号 以及与跨任何电池的最低电压成比例的低电池电压信号。 电路在监视模式或充电模式下可操作。 在监视器模式下，如果低电池电压信号降低到第一预定电平，则电池与负载断开。 该电路包括控制器，该控制器响应于高电池电压信号，低电池电压信号和电流检测信号提供控制信号，用于控制电池的充电。 在充电模式中，电池单元接收恒定的充电电流，直到高电池电压信号达到第二预定电平，之后充电至最高电压的电池两端的电压基本保持不变，从而导致充电电流降低。
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公开(公告)号：US5581170A
公开(公告)日：1996-12-03
申请号：US512309
申请日：1995-08-08
IPC分类号： H02J7/00
CPC分类号： H02J7/0019
摘要： A battery protector for providing overvoltage and undervoltage protection to one or more series-connected cells. The battery protector includes a voltage detection and comparison circuit, providing an overvoltage signal indicative of whether the voltage across any of the cells is greater than an overvoltage threshold level and an undervoltage signal indicative of whether the voltage across any of the cells is less than an undervoltage threshold level, and a switch connected in series with the current path between the cells and a charger and/or load. In one embodiment, the switch is a four-terminal FET and a bias control circuit is provided for selectively connecting the body region of the FET to ensure that current does not flow through the parasitic FET diodes. A second control circuit responsive to the overvoltage and undervoltage signals controls conduction of the switch, causing the switch to close if any of the following conditions occur: (1) the overvoltage and undervoltage signals do not indicate an overvoltage or undervoltage condition, respectively; (2) the overvoltage signal indicates an overvoltage condition, but the cells are attempting to discharge; or (3) the undervoltage signal indicates an undervoltage condition, but the charger is attempting to charge the cells.
摘要翻译： 用于向一个或多个串联电池提供过压和欠压保护的电池保护器。 电池保护器包括电压检测和比较电路，提供指示跨过任何单元的电压是否大于过电压阈值电平的过电压信号，以及指示跨过任何单元的电压是否小于 欠压阈值电平，以及与电池与充电器和/或负载之间的电流路径串联连接的开关。 在一个实施例中，开关是四端子FET，并且提供偏置控制电路用于选择性地连接FET的体区，以确保电流不流过寄生FET二极管。 响应于过电压和欠压信号的第二控制电路控制开关的导通，如果出现以下情况，则开关闭合：（1）过电压和欠压信号分别不表示过压或欠压状态; （2）过电压信号表示过压状态，但电池正试图放电; 或（3）欠压信号表示欠电压状态，但充电器正试图对电池充电。
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公开(公告)号：US06433514B1
公开(公告)日：2002-08-13
申请号：US09678545
申请日：2000-10-04
IPC分类号： H02J700
CPC分类号： H01M10/4257 , H01M10/0525 , H01M10/48 , H02J7/0029
摘要： A battery protection circuit includes a moisture detection circuit, a temperature sensing circuit, and a high-temperature battery discharge circuit. The moisture detection circuit includes a pair of conductive traces closely spaced on a substrate such that a resistive path is formed between the traces when moisture forms on the substrate. The traces are connected between the positive battery terminal and a pull-down current source. When moisture forms on the substrate, pull-up current flows between the traces, and a resulting voltage change on one of the traces is detected by circuit element such as a logic inverter. The temperature sensing circuit includes a voltage reference circuit that generates a proportional-to-temperature voltage and temperature-independent voltage reference signals corresponding to various predetermined temperatures. A measuring circuit operates during a sampling interval to compare each temperature-dependent voltage to the proportional-to-temperature voltage and to store the result of each comparison until a subsequent temperature sampling interval. The measuring circuit includes multiplexing circuitry used to sequentially select each temperature-dependent voltage during a sampling interval. The high-temperature discharge circuit connects a discharge load across the battery when the voltage of the battery is above a high voltage threshold and the temperature of the battery is above the high temperature threshold. When no external charger is active, the discharge current flowing through this load works to reduce battery voltage. helping to prolong battery life.
摘要翻译： 电池保护电路包括湿度检测电路，温度检测电路和高温电池放电电路。 水分检测电路包括在衬底上紧密间隔开的一对导电迹线，使得当在衬底上形成湿气时，在迹线之间形成电阻路径。 迹线连接在正电池端子和下拉电流源之间。 当衬底上形成湿气时，上拉电流在迹线之间流动，并且其中一条迹线上产生的电压变化由诸如逻辑反相器的电路元件检测。 温度检测电路包括产生与各种预定温度相对应的比例温度电压和与温度无关的电压参考信号的电压参考电路。 测量电路在采样间隔期间运行，以将每个温度相关电压与比例温度电压进行比较，并将每个比较的结果存储到随后的温度采样间隔。 测量电路包括用于在采样间隔期间依次选择每个温度依赖电压的多路复用电路。 当电池的电压高于高电压阈值并且电池的温度高于高温阈值时，高温放电电路将电池的放电负载连接在电池两端。 当没有外部充电器有效时，流经该负载的放电电流可以降低电池电压。 有助于延长电池寿命。
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4.发明授权
公开(公告)号：US4981358A
公开(公告)日：1991-01-01
申请号：US242937
申请日：1988-09-09
IPC分类号： G01C19/72
CPC分类号： G01C19/721
摘要： A sawtooth voltage is applied to an integrated optic phase modulator by means of a high impedance variable current source in response to a charge rate control signal. The phase modulator's capacitance accumulates the charge which manifests a voltage comprising the sawtooth signal. The sawtooth signal is also provided to a comparator which in turn provides a discharge signal upon detecting the sawtooth voltage as being greater than a selected reference signal magnitude. The discharge signal is provided to a means for discharging the accumulated charge from the capacitance of the integrated optic phase modulator. A compensating resistor may be connected between the current source and the phase modulator to automatically correct for sawtooth overshoot. Various data extraction techniques are disclosed, without limiting the invention since others may be used, including counting sawtooth resets, among others, and using a current splitter to store charge separately from the serrodyne modulation circuit and relating separately stored charge to angle or rate.
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