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公开(公告)号：US06487066B1
公开(公告)日：2002-11-26
申请号：US09387995
申请日：1999-09-01
IPC分类号： H01G900
摘要： Disclosed is an electric double layer capacitor including polarizable electrodes immersed in an organic electrolyte, wherein a carbon material for forming the polarizable electrode is a carbon material including graphite-like microcrystalline carbon produced by effecting a heat treatment together with at least one of an alkali metal and an alkali metal compound at not less than a temperature at which alkali metal vapor is generated, and an electrostatic capacity is expressed by insertion of ions of a solute of the organic electrolyte into a space between microcrystalline carbon layers of the carbon material. Accordingly, it is possible to achieve an electrostatic capacity and a withstand voltage which exceed those of the conventional electric double layer capacitor based on the activated carbon system.
摘要翻译： 公开了一种双极电容器，其包括浸渍在有机电解质中的可极化电极，其中用于形成可极化电极的碳材料是包括通过与碱金属中的至少一种进行热处理而产生的石墨状微晶碳的碳材料 和碱金属化合物，在生成碱金属蒸气的温度以上，通过将有机电解质的溶质的离子插入碳材料的微晶碳层之间的空间来表示静电容量。 因此，可以实现基于活性炭系统的超过常规双电层电容器的静电电容和耐受电压。
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公开(公告)号：US06309428B1
公开(公告)日：2001-10-30
申请号：US09555979
申请日：2000-06-06
IPC分类号： H01G900
CPC分类号： H01G9/155 , Y02E60/13 , Y10T29/417
摘要： A process for producing an electrochemical capacitor including an organic electrolytic solution and electrode bodies immersed in the organic electrolytic solution, each comprising a polarizing electrode (composed mainly of a carbon material containing a partially oxidized, graphite-like microcrystalline carbon), a separator and a collector, in which capacitor each polarizing electrode gives rise to volume expansion when charged and volume contraction when discharged, is provided. The process includes: a step of placing each electrode body and the organic electrolytic solution in a cell container to form a unit cell, a step of placing the unit cell or a cell integrate obtained by electrically connecting a plurality of such unit cells, in a first capacitor container to constitute a first electrochemical capacitor, a step of subjecting the first electrochemical capacitor to charging-discharging cycles until the maximum value of the stress caused by the volume expansion of each polarizing electrode during charging becomes almost constant, and a step of transferring, after the maximum value of the stress has become almost constant, the unit cell or the cell integrate into a second capacitor container to constitute a second electrochemical capacitor. The process can provide an electrochemical capacitor which causes no plastic deformation of the capacitor container and which is superior in durability and reliability.
摘要翻译： 一种生产电化学电容器的方法，该电化学电容器包括有机电解液和浸在有机电解液中的电极体，每个包括极化电极（主要由含有部分氧化的石墨状微晶碳的碳材料组成），隔膜和 集电器，其中每个极化电极的电容器在充电时产生体积膨胀，并且在放电时产生体积收缩。 该方法包括：将每个电极体和有机电解溶液放置在电池容器中以形成单位电池的步骤，将电池单元电池或电池组合放置在多个这样的单电池中的步骤， 构成第一电化学电容器的第一电容器容器，对第一电化学电容器进行充放电循环的步骤，直到由充电前的各极化电极的体积膨胀引起的应力的最大值几乎恒定为止， 在应力的最大值变得几乎恒定之后，单电池或电池集成到第二电容器容器中以构成第二电化学电容器。 该方法可以提供电容器容器，其不会导致电容器容器的塑性变形，并且其耐久性和可靠性优异。
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公开(公告)号：US06442015B1
公开(公告)日：2002-08-27
申请号：US09473416
申请日：1999-12-29
IPC分类号： H01G900
摘要： An electrochemical capacitor wherein electrode members include polarizing electrodes, whose main ingredient is a carbon material having partially oxidized graphite-like microcrystalline carbon, separators, and collectors is immersed in a organic electrolytic solution, the polarizing electrodes expanding on charging and contracting on discharging. Ions with ionic radii of 0.33 nm or less are used as the electrolyte cations of the organic electrolytic solution. The cell container holding electrode members and the electrolytic solution is provided with stress relaxing structure. Either collectors or separators are elastomers. The separators are sponge-like porous insulator with continuous pores.
摘要翻译： 一种电化学电容器，其中电极构件包括主要成分是具有部分氧化的石墨状微晶碳的碳材料，隔离物和集电体的极化电极浸入有机电解液中，极化电极在放电时充电和收缩而膨胀。 离子半径为0.33nm以下的离子被用作有机电解液的电解质阳离子。 电池容器保持电极部件和电解液具有应力缓和结构。 收集器或分离器都是弹性体。 分离器是具有连续孔的海绵状多孔绝缘体。
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公开(公告)号：US06501640B1
公开(公告)日：2002-12-31
申请号：US09649545
申请日：2000-08-28
申请人： Yusuke Niiori , Hiroyuki Katsukawa
发明人： Yusuke Niiori , Hiroyuki Katsukawa
IPC分类号： H01M604
摘要： An electrochemical capacitor is provided, including an organic electrolyte solution and polarized electrodes immersed in the organic electrolyte solution. As an active substance of the polarized electrodes, the reaction product of an electrochemical reaction of a partially oxidized carbon material that contains fine crystals of graphite-like carbon in an organic electrolyte solution is used. The electrochemical capacitor has a high electrostatic capacity density based on a pseudo-capacity.
摘要翻译： 提供一种电化学电容器，其包括浸入有机电解质溶液中的有机电解质溶液和极化电极。 作为极化电极的活性物质，使用在有机电解液中含有石墨状碳的微细结晶的部分氧化的碳材料的电化学反应的反应产物。 电化学电容器具有基于伪容量的高静电容量密度。
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公开(公告)号：US5974336A
公开(公告)日：1999-10-26
申请号：US950797
申请日：1997-10-15
CPC分类号： H01L39/247 , H01L39/2458 , Y10S428/93 , Y10S505/704
摘要： An oxide superconductor comprises a base material consisting of a single crystalline oxide, an oxide superconductor film consisting of a Y123 compound and formed on the single crystalline oxide base material, and a coating film consisting essentially of a Ba--Cu--O oxide and covering the surface of the oxide superconductor film, the coating film having a thermal expansion coefficient higher than that of the oxide superconductor film.
摘要翻译： 氧化物超导体包括由单晶氧化物构成的基体材料，由Y123化合物构成并在单晶氧化物基材上形成的氧化物超导体膜，以及基本上由Ba-Cu-O氧化物组成的涂膜，并覆盖 氧化物超导体膜的表面，该涂膜的热膨胀系数高于氧化物超导膜的热膨胀系数。
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公开(公告)号：US5683606A
公开(公告)日：1997-11-04
申请号：US359742
申请日：1994-12-20
摘要： A ceramic heater includes a substrate made of aluminum nitride, a resistive heating element buried in the substrate and made of a metal having a high melting point, and terminals electrically connected to the resistive heating element and buried in said substrate. The terminals are made of a metal having a high melting point and a coefficient of thermal expansion not smaller than that of the substrate. The metal of the resistive heating element has a coefficient of thermal expansion not smaller than that of the substrate. The coefficient of thermal expansion of each of the terminals and the resistive heating element is in a range from 5.0.times.10.sup.-6 /.degree.C. to 8.3.times.10.sup.-6 /.degree.C.
摘要翻译： 陶瓷加热器包括由氮化铝制成的基板，埋在基板中的由具有高熔点的金属制成的电阻加热元件，以及电连接到电阻加热元件并埋入所述基板中的端子。 端子由具有高熔点和不小于基板的热膨胀系数的金属制成。 电阻加热元件的金属的热膨胀系数不小于基板的热膨胀系数。 端子和电阻加热元件的热膨胀系数在5.0×10 -6 /℃至8.3×10 -6 /℃的范围内。
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公开(公告)号：US5616024A
公开(公告)日：1997-04-01
申请号：US380190
申请日：1995-01-27
申请人： Kazuhiro Nobori , Ryusuke Ushikoshi , Koichi Umemoto , Atsushi Sakon , Yusuke Niiori , Masahiro Murasato
发明人： Kazuhiro Nobori , Ryusuke Ushikoshi , Koichi Umemoto , Atsushi Sakon , Yusuke Niiori , Masahiro Murasato
IPC分类号： H05B3/20 , B21F99/00 , C23C16/46 , C30B25/10 , C30B31/12 , F27D1/16 , F27D99/00 , H05B3/14 , F27D3/12
CPC分类号： F27D99/0006 , C23C16/46 , C30B25/10 , C30B31/12 , F27D1/16 , H05B3/143 , F27D2099/0008
摘要： A ceramic heater composed of a ceramic substrate and a resistant heating element embedded within the ceramic substrate along a predetermined planar pattern is obtained by holding a convolution of a spiral-coiled high melting metallic filament in the above predetermined planar pattern and heat-treating the convolution at a temperature not higher than a primary recrystallization commencement temperature of the high melting metal under a non-oxidative atmosphere to provide the resistant heating element, embedding the resulting resistant heating element within a ceramic shaped body, and then, sintering the ceramic shaped body. In a preferred embodiment, the resistant heating element is a convolution of a spiral coil, the number of coils per a unit length of said convolution is set at a predetermined value in each of defined domains of the ceramic heater, and when the number of coils per a unit length of the convolution is determined, the relation of the maximal value, the minimal value and the mean value, of all the determined numbers of coils in the above domains, satisfies the formula:(maximal value-minimal value)/mean value.ltoreq.0.1.Another preferred embodiment comprising a disc-shaped ceramic substrate and a resistant heating element embedded within the substrate is adapted for application in semiconductor wafer heating, wherein a resistant heating element having a planar shape composed of a plurality of concentric loops differing in diameters from each other and connecting portions which connect inner loops in sequence with outer loops to form a series of resistant heating element. In a process for manufacturing ceramic articles composed of a ceramic substrate, an electroconducting body embedded within the ceramic substrate and a conduit or pit bored avoiding the above electroconducting body in the ceramic substrate, an X-ray transmission photograph of the ceramic substrate is taken and then the conduit or pit is formed based on the X-ray transmission photograph.
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