Abstract:
An IR dryer, for use in drying a continuous paper web by means of IR radiation, comprising an array of IR emitters arranged in use, in spaced relation to the paper web and a lamp protection plate intermediate the IR emitters and the paper web. At least one of the lamp protection plate and the array of IR emitters is curved whereby drying a paper web which moves in a curved path is facilitated.
Abstract:
A curved lamp manufacturing method including a curving process in which a straight glass tube sealed with reduced pressure inside is heated and curved. The curving process includes: a first step of holding a predetermined portion of the glass tube using a first chuck, and holding one end portion of the glass tube using a second chuck such that the second chuck can slide in a longitudinal direction of the glass tube; and a second step of, while heating a planned curved portion of the glass tube positioned between the predetermined portion and the end portion by a heater, curving the planned curved portion by moving the second chuck relative to the glass tube. The end portion is moved in the second step so that a weight of the end portion is applied to the planned curved portion that has been softened by the heater.
Abstract:
A fluorescent lamp comprises a light-transmitting glass tube having a softening temperature of about 685 degrees centigrade or less, which is formed into a predetermined shape from a straight glass tube heated after a phosphor layer has been coated on its inner surface. The light-transmitting glass tube does not substantially include lead (Pb) but may include: about 2 to about 5 weight % calcium oxide (CaO), and about 1 to about 3 weight % magnesium oxide (MgO). A stem, having an electrode, is arranged at each end of the light-transmitting glass tube. The fluorescent lamp may be used in a lighting fixture.
Abstract:
To prevent weakened corners when forming a U-shaped discharge tube with sharp corners (28, 29) during a bending operation from a straight tube, two glass tubes (1, 3) having a wall dimension suitable for a compact fluorescent tube are fused to a central tubular glass element (2) of thicker wall dimension so that, upon bending into U-shape with sharp corners (28, 29), the thicker wall portion can stretch and form the essentially right-angle corners of requisite wall thickness. Preferably, during the heating steps for forming the glass, the initially straight glass portions (1, 2, 3) are rotated.
Abstract:
A tubular discharge vessel for a compact low pressure discharge lamp, espally a compact fluorescent lamp, is formed by heating and bending a straight glass tube into a U-shape with a plurality of straight sections and a 180.degree.-bend. Adequate vessel wall thickness is assured at the tubular sections where the bends are formed, by first heating a central section, moving sections lateral to the central section axially toward one another, thereby compressing the heated central section and thickening its walls, and bending or rotating the lateral sections into a parallel orientation. This prevents the bending process from unduly thinning the vessel walls, leading to breakage or rupture under internal gas pressure.