公开(公告)号：US06332017B1

公开(公告)日：2001-12-18

申请号：US09488898

申请日：2000-01-21

申请人： Frank E. Carroll ,  Robert H. Traeger ,  Marcus H. Mendenhall ,  James W. Waters ,  Glenn Edwards ,  Charles A. Brau

发明人： Frank E. Carroll ,  Robert H. Traeger ,  Marcus H. Mendenhall ,  James W. Waters ,  Glenn Edwards ,  Charles A. Brau

IPC分类号： H01J3514

CPC分类号： H05G2/00

摘要： A system for generating tunable pulsed monochromatic X-rays comprises a tabletop terawatt laser delivering 10 Joules of energy in 10 ps at a wavelength of 1.1 microns. The light beam from the laser is counter-propagated against an electron beam produced by a linear accelerator. X-ray photons are generated by inverse Compton scattering that occurs as a consequence of the “collision” that occurs between the electron beam and IR photons generated by the laser. The system uses a novel pulse structure comprising, in a preferred embodiment, a single micropulse. The LINAC is configured to generate an electron beam having 1 nanocoulomb of charge in a microbunch having a pulse length of about 5 picoseconds or less (or an electron beam brightness of 1012 A/m2−radian2@ 500 A). A beam alignment sub-system is used at the laser beam—electron beam interaction zone and directs the X-ray beam, in a preferred embodiment, through a beryllium window and onto mosaic crystals which divert the beam into a beam transport system toward the imaging target.

摘要翻译： 用于产生可调谐脉冲单色X射线的系统包括在波长为1.1微米的10ps中提供10焦耳的能量的桌面式terawatt激光器。 来自激光器的光束相对于由线性加速器产生的电子束相反传播。 X射线光子是通过由激光产生的电子束和IR光子之间发生的“碰撞”而产生的反康普顿散射产生的。该系统使用一种新颖的脉冲结构，在一个优选的实施方式中，单个 微脉冲 LINAC配置为产生具有脉冲长度为约5皮秒或更小（或电子束亮度为1012A / m2-radian2 @ 500A）的微型束中具有1纳电库仑电荷的电子束。 在激光束 - 电子束相互作用区域使用光束对准子系统，并且在优选实施例中引导X射线束通过铍窗和引导束到束成像的束传输系统的马赛克晶体 目标。

公开(公告)号：US06810110B2

公开(公告)日：2004-10-26

申请号：US10306791

申请日：2002-11-27

申请人： Norbert J. Pelc ,  Zhifei Wen

发明人： Norbert J. Pelc ,  Zhifei Wen

IPC分类号： H01J3514

CPC分类号： H01J35/14 ,  G01R33/4812 ,  H01J35/16 ,  H05C1/02

摘要： An x-ray tube having sensors, magnets, and/or active compensation means operatively coupled thereto or integrated therein for aligning its electron beam with an external magnetic field. Permanent magnets positioned behind the anode and cathode respectively or electromagnets are used to produce a strong, properly aligned internal magnetic field. The x-ray tube is thus less sensitive to other magnetic fields that are not parallel to the anode-cathode axis. The x-ray tube can be mounted in a manner that it can pivot, allowing it to move and align itself. The x-ray tube can also be mounted such that a torque can be sensed. This sensed mechanical force is then used as an input to determine current applied to electromagnetic coils arranged to oppose a transverse magnetic field.

摘要翻译： 具有传感器，磁体和/或有效补偿装置的X射线管，其可操作地耦合到其上或集成在其中，用于使其电子束与外部磁场对准。 位于阳极和阴极后面的永磁体或电磁体用于产生强的适当对准的内部磁场。 因此，X射线管对于不平行于阳极 - 阴极轴的其它磁场较不敏感。 X射线管可以以可枢转的方式安装，使其能够自动移动和对齐。 X射线管也可以安装成可以感测到转矩。 然后将该感测到的机械力用作输入，以确定施加到布置成与横向磁场相对的电磁线圈的电流。

公开(公告)号：US06526122B2

公开(公告)日：2003-02-25

申请号：US09755090

申请日：2001-01-08

申请人： Tadaoki Matsushita ,  Tutomu Inazuru

发明人： Tadaoki Matsushita ,  Tutomu Inazuru

IPC分类号： H01J3514

CPC分类号： H01J35/06 ,  H01J35/14 ,  H01J2235/10

摘要： An X-ray tube 1 includes spacer 8 which is cylindrical so it does not block electrons 80 directed from a grid electrode 72 toward a focusing electrode 25, and which has one end 8b fixed to the grid electrode 72 and the other end 8c abutting against the focusing electrode 25. The distance between the grid electrode 72 and focusing electrode 25 is set to a predetermined distance by the spacer 8.

公开(公告)号：US06351520B1

公开(公告)日：2002-02-26

申请号：US09555451

申请日：2000-05-31

申请人： Tutomu Inazaru

发明人： Tutomu Inazaru

IPC分类号： H01J3514

CPC分类号： H01J35/02 ,  H01J5/52 ,  H01J9/32 ,  H01J35/14 ,  H01J35/165

摘要： An x-ray tube providing excellent assembleability and handleability. An electrically conductive metallized layer 11 is provided on the surface of a stem 3. Therefore, when the x-ray tube 1 is being produced, thermally fusing nature of brazing material A provided between the stem 3 and the lower edge portion 8a of the focussing electrode 8 can be improved by the metallized layer 11. Further, the metallized layer 11 extends from the lower edge portion 8a of the focussing electrode 8 to the low voltage cathode pin 5a. Therefore, electric continuity between the focussing electrode 8 and the low voltage cathode pin 5a is achieved on the surface 3a of the stem 3. There is no need for separate wiring operations after the x-ray tube 1 is assembled. Connection between the focussing electrode 8 and the cathode pin 5a can be completed simultaneously with completion of the brazing connection.

摘要翻译： X射线管提供优异的可组装性和可操作性。 导电金属化层11设置在杆3的表面上。因此，当制造X射线管1时，设置在杆3和聚焦点的下缘部8a之间的钎焊材料A的热熔融性 可以通过金属化层11改善电极8.此外，金属化层11从聚焦电极8的下边缘部分8a延伸到低电压阴极引脚5a。 因此，在杆3的表面3a上实现聚焦电极8和低压阴极销5a之间的电连续性。在组装X射线管1之后，不需要单独的布线操作。 聚焦电极8和阴极销5a之间的连接可以在完成钎焊连接的同时完成。

公开(公告)号：US06259765B1

公开(公告)日：2001-07-10

申请号：US09445445

申请日：1999-12-13

申请人： Robert Baptist

发明人： Robert Baptist

IPC分类号： H01J3514

CPC分类号： H01J35/065 ,  H01J35/14

摘要： An X-ray tube including an electron source and a magnetic guide. The X-ray tube includes at least one electron source, at least one microtip, and an extraction grid, one zone of which emits electrons. Further provided are at least one anode, one zone of which emits X-rays under the impact of the electrons, and a magnetic guiding device for the electrons, capable of creating a magnetic field which is homogeneous at least between the zones. Such an X-ray tube may find application to X-ray absorption analysis or X-ray fluorescence analysis.

摘要翻译： 包括电子源和磁性引导件的X射线管。 X射线管包括至少一个电子源，至少一个微尖端和一个提取栅格，其一个区域发射电子。 还提供了至少一个阳极，其一个区域在电子冲击下发射X射线，以及用于电子的磁性引导装置，其能够产生至少在这些区域之间是均匀的磁场。 这样的X射线管可以应用于X射线吸收分析或X射线荧光分析。

公开(公告)号：US06208711B1

公开(公告)日：2001-03-27

申请号：US09399910

申请日：1999-09-21

申请人： Roy E. Rand ,  Khem Garewal ,  James F. Heilman

发明人： Roy E. Rand ,  Khem Garewal ,  James F. Heilman

IPC分类号： H01J3514

CPC分类号： G21K1/08 ,  A61B6/032 ,  A61B6/4028 ,  H01J35/02

摘要： In a scanning electron beam CT system, a positive ion clearing electrode system is disposed within the CT system solenoid coil, and is operated from a single power source. Mounted coaxially about the electron beam, preferably the electrode system includes three sections, each having two electrode elements, one element being coupled to about −800 V to about −2 kV and the other element being grounded. Within the electrode system, the ratio between element diameter and electron beam diameter is substantially constant. Preferably elements are helically twisted about the beam axis. The electrode configuration cancels net quadrupole (focusing) and octopole (aberration-producing) fields. In the presence of electric discharge, essentially zero electron beam displacement and deflections occurs, and changes in focusing strength remain zero.

摘要翻译： 在扫描电子束CT系统中，正离子清除电极系统设置在CT系统螺线管线圈内，并从单个电源操作。 优选地，电极系统包括三个部分，每个部分具有两个电极元件，一个元件耦合到大约-800V至大约-2kV，另一个元件接地。 在电极系统内，元件直径与电子束直径之间的比率基本上是恒定的。 优选地，元件围绕光束轴线螺旋扭曲。 电极配置消除了净四极（聚焦）和八极（产生像差）场。 在放电的情况下，发生基本为零的电子束位移和偏转，并且聚焦强度的变化保持为零。

公开(公告)号：US06801599B1

公开(公告)日：2004-10-05

申请号：US10078604

申请日：2002-02-19

申请人： Allan D. Kautz ,  Salvatore G. Perno

发明人： Allan D. Kautz ,  Salvatore G. Perno

IPC分类号： H01J3514

CPC分类号： H01J35/14 ,  H01J35/06

摘要： A cathode assembly (18, 216) for an x-ray tube (1) includes a base (60, 220) to which a filament (66) is mounted. A pair of deflectors (82, 84) are carried by the base for deflecting a beam (A) of electrons generated by the filament. Metal tubes (130, 132) are mounted in bores (106) of insulator blocks (104, 105). Metalized ends (150) of the insulator blocks are brazed into bores (122, 222, 224) in the base. A rod (130, 132) attached to the deflector is slid into the tube and the deflector's position and alignment are gauged and accurately set. The rod and tube are crimped to set the deflector position then welded.

摘要翻译： 用于X射线管（1）的阴极组件（18,216）包括安装灯丝（66）的基座（60,220）。 一对偏转器（82,84）由基座承载，用于偏转由灯丝产生的电子束（A）。 金属管（130,132）安装在绝缘体块（104,105）的孔（106）中。 绝缘体块的金属化端（150）钎焊到基座中的孔（122,222,224）中。 附接到偏转器的杆（130,132）滑入管中，并且偏转器的位置和对准被测量并且被精确地设定。 杆和管被压接以设置偏转器位置，然后焊接。

公开(公告)号：US06661876B2

公开(公告)日：2003-12-09

申请号：US10208646

申请日：2002-07-29

申请人： Clark Turner ,  Arturo Reyes ,  Hans K. Pew ,  Mark W. Lund ,  Michael Lines ,  Paul Moody ,  Sergei Voronov

发明人： Clark Turner ,  Arturo Reyes ,  Hans K. Pew ,  Mark W. Lund ,  Michael Lines ,  Paul Moody ,  Sergei Voronov

IPC分类号： H01J3514

CPC分类号： H01J35/04 ,  G01N23/223 ,  G01N33/18 ,  G01N2223/076 ,  H01J35/18 ,  H01J35/32 ,  H01J2235/087 ,  H01J2235/163 ,  H01J2235/186

摘要： A mobile, miniature x-ray source includes a low-power consumption cathode element for mobility, and an anode optic creating a field free region to prolong the life of the cathode element. An electric field is applied to an anode and a cathode that are disposed on opposite sides of an evacuated tube. The anode includes a target material to produce x-rays in response to impact of electrons. The cathode includes a cathode element to produce electrons that are accelerated towards the anode in response to the electric field between the anode and the cathode. The tube can have a length less than approximately 3 inches, and a diameter or width less than approximately 1 inch. The cathode element can include a low-power consumption cathode element with a low power consumption less than approximately 1 watt. The power source can include a battery power source. A field-free region can be positioned at the anode to resist positive ion acceleration back towards the cathode element. An anode tube can be disposed at the anode between the anode and the cathode, and electrically coupled to the anode so that the anode and the anode tube have the same electrical potential, to form the field-free region.

摘要翻译： 移动的微型x射线源包括用于移动性的低功耗阴极元件和产生无场区域的阳极光学器件，以延长阴极元件的寿命。 电场施加到设置在真空管的相对侧上的阳极和阴极。 阳极包括响应于电子的冲击而产生x射线的靶材料。 阴极包括阴极元件，以产生响应于阳极和阴极之间的电场而朝向阳极加速的电子。 该管可以具有小于约3英寸的长度，以及小于约1英寸的直径或宽度。 阴极元件可以包括具有低于约1瓦特的低功耗的低功耗阴极元件。 电源可以包括电池电源。 无场区域可以位于阳极处以抵抗朝向阴极元件的正离子加速。 阳极管可以设置在阳极和阴极之间的阳极处，并且电耦合到阳极，使得阳极和阳极管具有相同的电势，以形成无场区域。

公开(公告)号：US06400796B1

公开(公告)日：2002-06-04

申请号：US09772749

申请日：2001-01-30

申请人： John J. Munro, III ,  David C. Medich

发明人： John J. Munro, III ,  David C. Medich

IPC分类号： H01J3514

CPC分类号： A61N5/1001 ,  A61N5/1002 ,  A61N2005/1025

摘要： A device for treating an occlusion or constriction, such as a stenosis in a blood vessel or other conduit within the body, as well as for treating a tumor or cancerous area occurring around a conduit or duct in the body is provided. The device includes an insert having a non-radioactive precursor, and a capsule encapsulating the insert. The precursor, containing tungsten which is substantially enriched in tungsten-180, can be activated to emit X-ray radiation and delivered to the treatment site to treat the stenosis or cancerous area. Upon activation by exposure to neutron flux, tungsten-180 is transmuted to contain an amount of X-ray-emitting tungsten-181 sufficient for treatment. The tungsten can also act as an X-ray-opaque marker to facilitate external visualization of capsule after delivery to the treatment site.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种用于治疗闭塞或收缩的装置，例如体内血管或其他导管中的狭窄，以及用于治疗身体中导管或导管周围发生的肿瘤或癌性区域的装置。 该装置包括具有非放射性前体的插入物和封装插入物的胶囊。 含有大量富含钨-180的钨的前体可以被活化以发射X射线辐射，并被输送到治疗部位以治疗狭窄或癌性区域。 当通过暴露于中子通量激活时，钨-801被转化为含有足以进行处理的一定量的X射线发射钨-181。 钨也可以作为X射线不透明的标记物，以便在输送到治疗部位之后促进胶囊的外观可视化。

公开(公告)号：US06381305B1

公开(公告)日：2002-04-30

申请号：US09633159

申请日：2000-08-04

申请人： Tomoyuki Okada ,  Masuo Ito ,  Kimitsugu Nakamura ,  Yoshitoshi Ishihara ,  Tsutomu Nakamura ,  Tutomu Inazuru

发明人： Tomoyuki Okada ,  Masuo Ito ,  Kimitsugu Nakamura ,  Yoshitoshi Ishihara ,  Tsutomu Nakamura ,  Tutomu Inazuru

IPC分类号： H01J3514

CPC分类号： H01J35/14 ,  H01J2235/165 ,  H05G1/02

摘要： A hood electrode attached to a tip portion of a target is provided with an electron passage port widening on the side opposite from an x-ray emitting window, so that electrons emitted from an electron gun are made incident on the front end face of a target at a position on the x-ray emission side, whereby the distance between the x-ray generating position and the x-ray emitting window can be shortened.

摘要翻译： 附着在靶的顶端部的罩电极设置有在与x射线发射窗口相反的一侧加宽的电子通过口，使得从电子枪发射的电子入射到目标的前端面 在X射线发射侧的位置处，可以缩短x射线产生位置和x射线发射窗口之间的距离。