公开(公告)号：US5313933A

公开(公告)日：1994-05-24

申请号：US926165

申请日：1992-08-05

申请人： Thomas E. Gocze

发明人： Thomas E. Gocze

IPC分类号： F24S10/60 ,  F24J2/28 ,  F24J2/36

CPC分类号： F24J2/36 ,  F24J2/23 ,  Y02E10/44

摘要： A solar collector converts solar radiation to heat energy over a specified surface area and collects the heat energy by trickle feeding a heat transfer fluid over a trickle feed absorber surface having improved absorber surface area to volume ratio. The elements of the solar collector include a glazing first layer for receiving and passing incident solar radiation over the specified surface area and an impervious backing layer spaced from the glazing first layer. The absorber layer is sandwiched between the glazing first layer and backing layer with the glazing first layer and backing layer contacting the absorber layer on opposite sides. The absorber layer is a layer of fiber material defining capillary channels and spaces in the absorber layer between the glazing first layer and backing layer. The fiber material absorber layer such as a dark synthetic felt layer is formed with a radiation absorbing color and defines a relatively high surface area to volume ratio trickle feed absorber surface through the absorber layer. A heat transfer fluid inlet channel is coupled to an open top end communicating with the absorber layer for trickle feeding heat transfer fluid by gravity through the capillary channels and spaces of the absorber layer. A heat transfer fluid outlet channel is coupled to an open bottom end communicating with the absorber layer for delivering heated fluid. The solar collector may be formed in a rigid plate configuration or in a flexible sheet configuration so that the solar collector can be rolled up for storage.

摘要翻译： 太阳能收集器将太阳辐射转换成在特定表面积上的热能，并通过将传热流体涓流地馈送到具有改进的吸收体表面积与体积比的涓流进料吸收体表面上来收集热能。 太阳能收集器的元件包括用于在特定表面积上接收和通过入射太阳辐射的玻璃窗第一层和与玻璃窗第一层隔开的不透水背衬层。 吸收层夹在玻璃窗第一层和背衬层之间，玻璃窗第一层和背衬层在相对侧与吸收层接触。 吸收层是在玻璃窗第一层和背衬层之间的吸收层中限定毛细通道和空间的纤维材料层。 诸如黑色合成毡层之类的纤维材料吸收层由辐射吸收颜色形成，并且通过吸收层限定相对较高的表面积与体积比的滴流吸收体表面。 传热流体入口通道联接到与吸收器层连通的敞开的顶端，用于通过重力通过吸收体层的毛细通道和空间涓流馈送传热流体。 传热流体出口通道联接到与吸收层连通的敞开的底端，用于输送加热的流体。 太阳能收集器可以形成为刚性板构造或柔性片构造，使得太阳能收集器可以卷起以存储。

公开(公告)号：US4340036A

公开(公告)日：1982-07-20

申请号：US245024

申请日：1981-03-18

申请人： Robert H. Williams

发明人： Robert H. Williams

IPC分类号： A01G9/24 ,  F24D11/00 ,  F24S10/60 ,  F24J3/02

CPC分类号： F24D11/003 ,  A01G9/243 ,  F24J2/23 ,  Y02B10/20 ,  Y02E10/44 ,  Y02P60/124

摘要： The present invention provides a solar heating system which is particularly suited for use in a building, such as a greenhouse, having walls defining an enclosed interior with at least one of the walls including a light transmissive area for admitting light into the interior of the building. In accordance with the invention a solar heat collector is positioned underlying the light transmissive area of the building wall, with the collector comprising a plurality of elongate radiation absorptive heat conductive elements for receiving solar radiation and being heated thereby. The heat conductive elements extend longitudinally downwardly and are positioned in laterally spaced relation from one another for admitting light therebetween into the building while also serving for partially shading the interior of the building. A stream of heat transfer liquid is directed downwardly in contact with the heat conductive elements for transferring heat therefrom, and a conduit is provided for receiving the heated liquid as it flows from the heat conductive elements and for directing the heating liquid to a predetermined location to permit utilization of the heat content thereof.

摘要翻译： 本发明提供了一种太阳能加热系统，其特别适用于诸如温室的建筑物中，其具有限定封闭内部的壁，其中至少一个壁包括用于将光引入建筑物内部的透光区域 。 根据本发明，太阳能集热器位于建筑物壁的透光区域下方，集电器包括多个用于接收太阳辐射并由此加热的细长的辐射吸收热传导元件。 导热元件纵向向下延伸并且彼此横向间隔开定位，以便在其间进入建筑物，同时还用于部分地遮蔽建筑物的内部。 传热液体向下流动，与导热元件接触，用于传递热量，并且提供导管，用于在加热液体从导热元件流出时接收加热液体，并将加热液体引导到预定位置 允许利用其热含量。

公开(公告)号：US4142678A

公开(公告)日：1979-03-06

申请号：US814458

申请日：1977-07-11

申请人： Edward W. Bottum

发明人： Edward W. Bottum

IPC分类号： F24S10/60 ,  F25B29/00 ,  F25B30/02 ,  F25C1/12

CPC分类号： F25C1/12 ,  F24J2/23 ,  F25B29/003 ,  F25B30/02 ,  Y02E10/44 ,  Y02P60/855

摘要： The combined heat pump system and ice making system includes a heat pump system used for normal heating purposes. The heat pump system is augmented with an ice making system wherein ice is formed on the system evaporator. This ice making improves the operational efficiency of the heat pump system during cold or sunless periods. Additionally, the resulting ice is collected and stored for use as ice.

摘要翻译： 联合热泵系统和制冰系统包括用于正常加热目的的热泵系统。 热泵系统增加了制冰系统，其中在系统蒸发器上形成冰。 这种制冰在寒冷或无阳光时期提高了热泵系统的运行效率。 另外，所得的冰被收集并储存以用作冰。

公开(公告)号：US4141498A

公开(公告)日：1979-02-27

申请号：US846700

申请日：1977-10-31

申请人： Walter Marschner

发明人： Walter Marschner

IPC分类号： F24D11/00 ,  F24S10/60 ,  F24J3/02

CPC分类号： F24J2/23 ,  F24D11/003 ,  Y02B10/20 ,  Y02E10/44

摘要： A combination multi-story greenhouse and structure in which the sun's rays are utilized to heat water which is thereafter stored to be circulated when needed throughout the structure is disclosed. Indirect heat exchange to maximize use of heat values is also employed. The greenhouse has a first upper roof and side structure designed to best capture the angle of the sun's rays and a second lower roof adapted to receive and transfer heated water. The sun's rays are utilized to enable the growth of plants and in this capacity may be utilized even near the bottom of the greenhouse by use of reflecting means. Heat coincident with the passage of the sun's rays is transferred into water by means of spraying water from nozzles on the underside of the upper roof of the greenhouse and collecting the water on the top of the bottom roof of the greenhouse. Heated water thus collected is circulated into the basement through a heat sink and into a water storage area.Rain water is collected from the roof of the non-greenhouse structure and is conveniently utilized as the water supply for the system. Overflow means are provided to dispose of excess rain water which might collect on the roof. Though the greenhouse is only one story tall, the exterior building structure is multi-floored and, at the juncture of the floors with the wall of the greenhouse, radiators are disposed around the perimeter of the greenhouse to allow heat previously collected and stored as heated water to be used in heating the structures.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种组合的多层温室和结构，其中太阳的光线被用于加热水，此后，当需要整个结构时，其被储存以循环。 也采用间接热交换以最大限度地利用热值。 温室具有设计用于最好地捕获太阳光线角度的第一上部屋顶和侧面结构，以及适于接收和传送加热水的第二个下部屋顶。 太阳的光线被用于使植物生长，并且在这种能力下，甚至可以通过使用反射装置利用在温室底部附近。 与太阳光线通过的热量通过从温室上部屋顶下方的喷嘴喷出水而被转移到水中，并收集温室底部顶部顶部的水。 如此收集的加热水通过散热器循环进入地下室并进入储水区。

公开(公告)号：US3215134A

公开(公告)日：1965-11-02

申请号：US39181664

申请日：1964-08-24

申请人： THOMASON HARRY E

发明人： THOMASON HARRY E

IPC分类号： F24S10/50 ,  F24S10/60

CPC分类号： F24J2/23 ,  F24J2/205 ,  Y02E10/44

公开(公告)号：US4372291A

公开(公告)日：1983-02-08

申请号：US93002

申请日：1979-11-09

申请人： David M. Schwartz

发明人： David M. Schwartz

IPC分类号： F24S10/60 ,  F24S23/74 ,  F24J3/02

CPC分类号： F24J2/23 ,  F24J2/14 ,  Y02E10/44 ,  Y02E10/45 ,  Y10S126/908

摘要： A solar heat exchanger for vaporizing virtually all the liquid entering the exchanger. The solar heat exchanger of the invention is comprised of a metal tube, a feedwater inlet tube of much smaller diameter located within the metal tube and a transparent glass envelope enclosing the metal tube. The annular space between the inner surface of the glass envelope and the outer surface of the metal tube is evacuated to pressure of 10.sup.-6 torr. A vapor outlet pipe is provided at one end of the exchanger. A feedwater inlet pipe extends from the opposite end of the exchanger within and for approximately the length of the interior of the metal tube. In use incoming feedwater is pumped through the feedwater pipe and sprays outwardly through small spray orifices onto the hot inside surface of the metal tube, which converts it to steam.

摘要翻译： 太阳能热交换器，用于蒸发几乎所有进入交换器的液体。 本发明的太阳能热交换器由金属管，位于金属管内的小直径的给水入口管和封闭金属管的透明玻璃封套构成。 将玻璃外壳的内表面与金属管的外表面之间的环形空间抽真空至10 -6乇的压力。 蒸汽出口管设置在交换器的一端。 给水入口管从交换器的相对端延伸到金属管内部的大约长度内。 在使用中，进料给水被泵送通过给水管，并通过小喷嘴向外喷射到金属管的热内表面上，将其转化为蒸汽。

公开(公告)号：US4267821A

公开(公告)日：1981-05-19

申请号：US922364

申请日：1978-07-05

申请人： Cecil O. Nelson

发明人： Cecil O. Nelson

IPC分类号： F24S10/60 ,  F24J3/02

CPC分类号： F24J2/23 ,  Y02E10/44

摘要： A solar energy collector is disclosed including a housing forming a receptacle across which a fluid to be heated can flow and which is divided into a pair of chambers in the direction of fluid flow by a heat exchanging mat including a layer formed partially from an absorbent material and partially from a material having capillarity so as to retain a liquid fed into the layer and cause heating of the liquid by radiation impinging into the receptacle of the housing. A fluid medium, such as air, can be passed through the chamber formed below the aforementioned heat exchange mat to pick up heat from the mat for distribution as desired.

摘要翻译： 公开了一种太阳能收集器，其包括形成容器的壳体，待加热的流体可以流过该容器，并且通过包括由吸收材料部分形成的层的热交换垫在流体流动方向上被分成一对室 并且部分地由具有毛细作用的材料保持供给到该层中的液体，并且通过辐射照射到壳体的容器中引起液体的加热。 诸如空气的流体介质可以通过形成在上述热交换垫下面的室，以从垫中吸收热量，以便根据需要分配。

公开(公告)号：US4258699A

公开(公告)日：1981-03-31

申请号：US965061

申请日：1978-11-30

申请人： Ruben Masel ,  George Valdshtein

发明人： Ruben Masel ,  George Valdshtein

IPC分类号： F24S10/70 ,  F24S10/50 ,  F24S10/60

CPC分类号： F24J2/485 ,  F24J2/20 ,  F24J2/23 ,  Y02E10/44 ,  Y10S126/908

摘要： A solar collector is described including a backing plate to be disposed at an incline, and a darkened heat-absorbing pliable film loosely lying over the backing plate in direct contact with it, the side edges of the film being unsecured for free and unrestrained movement on the backing plate. The solar collector further includes an inlet for introducing a light mineral oil between the backing plate and the darkened heat-absorbing film such that the light mineral oil flows downwardly by gravity in the form of a thin uniform coating between the film and the backing plate.

摘要翻译： 描述了一种太阳能收集器，其包括设置在倾斜处的背板和与其直接接触的松散地躺在背板上的变暗的吸热柔性膜，该膜的侧边缘不受限制地进行自由和无限制的运动 背板。 太阳能收集器还包括用于在背板和变暗的吸热膜之间引入轻质矿物油的入口，使得轻质矿物油通过重力在薄膜和背板之间以薄均匀涂层的形式向下流动。

公开(公告)号：US4171620A

公开(公告)日：1979-10-23

申请号：US883220

申请日：1978-03-03

申请人： Nelson C. Turner

发明人： Nelson C. Turner

IPC分类号： F24F3/14 ,  F24S10/60 ,  F25B19/00 ,  F25B27/00 ,  F24J3/02 ,  F25D17/06 ,  F28D5/00

CPC分类号： F25B27/002 ,  F24F3/1417 ,  F24F5/0035 ,  F24J2/23 ,  F25B19/00 ,  F24F2003/144 ,  Y02E10/44

摘要： A cooling method and system are provided wherein a stream of relatively wet warm air is passed in contact with a liquid hygroscopic material in a water cooled absorbent zone to produce a stream of relatively cool dry air. The latter is then passed through an evaporative cooling zone in contact with water and the resulting cooled air or water is used as a cooling or refrigerating medium. A portion of the cooled water is used to cool the absorbent zone to an extent that the dried stream of air has a greater capacity to evaporatively cool the water than it would have in the absence of such cooling, thereby permitting the production of desired stream of cool, dry air. The relatively wet liquid hygroscopic material resulting from the drying of the air as above mentioned, is then passed as a film through a heating zone wherein it is exposed to solar heat or other low level heat to evaporate absorbed water from the hygroscopic material with the evaporated water being swept away from the film by a stream of ambient air which is ultimately discharged to the atmosphere.A method and apparatus are also provided for contacting a gas and a liquid to facilitate a mass exchange therebetween, especially when the volume of the liquid is small compared to that of the gas and where extensive contact between the liquid and gas is necessary to achieve the desired mass exchange. Also, provision is made for removing heat from the liquid during its contact with the gas. Thus, a plurality of finned heat exchangers are stacked, one above the other, and the liquid to be contacted is fed onto the upper heat exchanger at one end thereof so that it is free to flow along the vertical surfaces of the fins.

摘要翻译： 提供了一种冷却方法和系统，其中相对湿的暖空气流与水冷吸收区中的液体吸湿材料接触以产生相对较冷的干燥空气流。 然后将后者通过与水接触的蒸发冷却区，并将所得的冷却空气或水用作冷却或冷藏介质。 冷却的水的一部分用于将吸收区域冷却到一定程度，使得干燥的空气流具有比不存在这种冷却时具有更大的蒸发冷却水的能力，从而允许产生所需的流 凉爽，干燥的空气。 然后通过如上所述的空气干燥产生的相对湿的液体吸湿材料作为膜通过加热区，其中暴露于太阳能热或其他低水平的热量以使吸收的水从吸湿材料蒸发，蒸发 水通过最终排放到大气中的环境空气流扫过膜。

公开(公告)号：US3561425A

公开(公告)日：1971-02-09

申请号：US3561425D

申请日：1968-06-17

申请人： JAMES GEARY GARDNER

发明人： GARDNER JAMES GEARY

IPC分类号： F24S10/60 ,  F24S10/80 ,  F24J3/02

CPC分类号： F24J2/28 ,  F24J2/23 ,  Y02E10/44

摘要： A Solar Heater comprising a bank of panels each consisting of an inclined wooden frame supporting a heat collecting lamina and an adjacent backing surface the lamina collecting sunlight and the backing surface having a horizontal top edge over which liquid is supplied and is heated as it descends between the lamina and the backing surface.