摘要:
The disclosed invention relates to a process and apparatus for converting natural gas to higher molecular weight hydrocarbons. The process includes steam reforming to form synthesis gas followed by a Fischer-Tropsch reaction to convert the synthesis gas to the high molecular weight hydrocarbons. The reforming and Fischer-Tropsch reactions are conducted in microchannel reactors. The higher molecular weight hydrocarbons may be further treated to form hydrocarbon products such as middle distillate fuels, lubricating oils, and the like. The apparatus includes vessels containing SMR microchannel reactors and Fischer-Tropsch microchannel reactors. A composition comprising a mixture of olefins and paraffins is disclosed.
摘要:
Selective hydrogenation processes using a catalyst composition which, preferably comprises a glass substrate, with one or more functional surface active constituents integrated on and/or in the substrate surface. A substantially nonmicroporous substrate having mesopores and macropores, has (i) a total surface area between about 5 m 2 /g and 300 m 2 /g; and (ii) a predetermined isoelectric point (IEP) obtained in a pH range less than or equal to 14, preferably less than or equal to 7.8 and more preferably less than or equal to 6.0, but greater than 0. At least one catalytically-active region may be contiguous or discontiguous and has a mean thickness less than or equal to about 30 nm, preferably less than or equal to 20 nm and more preferably less than or equal to 10 nm. Preferably, the substrate is a glass composition having a SARC Na less than or equal to about 0.5.
摘要:
Dehydrogenation processes using a catalyst composition which, preferably comprises a glass substrate, with one or more functional surface active constituents integrated on and/or in the substrate surface. A substantially nonmicroporous substrate having mesopores and macropores, has (i) a total surface area between about 5 m 2 /g and 300 m 2 /g; and (ii) a predetermined isoelectric point (IEP) obtained in a pH range less than or equal to 14, preferably less than or equal to 7.8 and more preferably less than or equal to 6.0, but greater than 0. At least one catalytically-active region may be contiguous or discontiguous and has a mean thickness less than or equal to about 30 nm, preferably less than or equal to 20 nm and more preferably less than or equal 10 nm. Preferably, the substrate is a glass composition having a SARC Na less than or equal to about 0.5.
摘要:
A compound catalyst composition, useful for many chemical processes, comprises a compounding refractory oxide and a precursor catalyst composition with one or more functional surface active constituents integrated on and/or in the substrate surface. The precursor catalyst composition comprises a substantially nonmicroporous substrate having mesopores and macropores, having a total surface area between about 5 m 2 /g and 300 m 2 /g; and preferably, a predetermined isoelectric point (IEP) obtained in a pH range less than or equal to 14, preferably less than or equal to 7.8, but greater than 0. At least one catalytically-active region may be contiguous or discontiguous and has a mean thickness = about 30 nm. Preferably, the precursor catalyst composition is a functional surface catalyst composition comprising a glass having a SARC Na = about 0.5. The compounding refractory oxide and the precursor catalyst composition are intermixed after the precursor catalyst composition is produced.
摘要:
A process is provided for the preparation of a Fischer Tropsch catalyst or catalyst precursor. The process comprises the steps of: a) contacting a promoter or precursor therefor and a liquid with a carrier material; b) drying the material obtained in step (a); and c) combining cobalt and/or a cobalt compound with the material obtained in step (b).
摘要:
Selective hydrogenation processes using a catalyst composition which, preferably comprises a glass substrate, with one or more functional surface active constituents integrated on and/or in the substrate surface. A substantially nonporous substrate has (i) a total surface area between about 0.01 m 2 /g and 10 m 2 /g; and (ii) a predetermined isoelectric point (IEP) obtained in a pH range greater than 0, preferably greater than or equal to 4.5, or more preferably greater than or equal to 6.0, but less than or equal to 14. At least one catalytically-active region may be contiguous or discontiguous and has a mean thickness less than or equal to about 30 nm, preferably less than or equal to 20 nm and more preferably less than or equal to 10 nm. Preferably, the substrate is a glass composition having a SARC Na less than or equal to about 0.5.
摘要:
Oxidation processes using a catalyst composition which, preferably comprises a glass substrate, with one or more functional surface active constituents integrated on and/or in the substrate surface. A substantially nonmicroporous substrate having mesopores and macropores, has (i) a total surface area between about 5 m 2 /g and 300 m 2 /g; and (ii) a predetermined isoelectric point (IEP) obtained in a pH range less than or equal to 14, preferably less than or equal to 7.8 and more preferably less than or equal to 6.0, but greater than 0. At least one catalytically-active region may be contiguous or discontiguous and has a mean thickness less than or equal to about 30 nm, preferably less than or equal to 20 nm and more preferably less than or equal to 10 nm. Preferably, the substrate is a glass composition having a SARC Na less than or equal to about 0.5.
摘要:
A compound catalyst composition, useful for many chemical processes, comprises a compounding refractory oxide and a precursor catalyst composition with one or more functional surface active constituents integrated on and/or in the substrate surface. The precursor catalyst composition comprises a substantially nonmicroporous/nonmesoporous substrate having macropores having a total surface area between about 0.1 m 2 /g and 50 m 2 /g; and preferably, a predetermined isoelectric point (IEP) obtained in a pH range greater than 0, preferably greater than 6.0, but less than or equal to 14. At least one catalytically-active region may be contiguous or discontiguous and has a mean thickness = about 30 nm. Preferably, the precursor catalyst composition is a functional surface catalyst composition comprising a glass having a SARC Na = about 0.5. The compounding refractory oxide and the precursor catalyst composition are intermixed after the precursor catalyst composition is produced.
摘要:
A layered catalyst composition, useful for many chemical processes, comprises an inner core and an outer layer comprising an outer refractory oxide and a precursor catalyst composition, with one or more functional surface active constituents integrated on and/or in the substrate surface. The precursor catalyst composition comprises a substantially non-porous substrate having a total surface area between about 0.01 m 2 /g and 10 m 2 /g; and, preferably, a predetermined isoelectric point (IEP) obtained in a pH range greater than 0, preferably greater than 6.0, but less than or equal to 14. At least one catalytically-active region may be contiguous or discontiguous and has a mean thickness = about 30 nm. Preferably, the precursor catalyst composition is a functional surface catalyst composition comprising a glass having a SARC Na = about 0.5. The outer refractory oxide and the precursor catalyst composition are intermixed after the precursor catalyst composition is produced.