摘要:
The invention relates to a method for producing polymers, preferably water-absorbent polymer structures by the radical polymerisation of acrylic acid, the latter being obtained by a synthesis method, said method comprising the step of splitting an organic material using an enzyme or at least one constituent of an enzyme. The invention also relates to the water-absorbent polymers that can be obtained by said method, to water-absorbent polymers, at least 25 wt. % of which are based on partially neutralised acrylic acid, to a composite, to a method for producing a composite, to the composite that can be obtained by said method and to the use of acrylic acid for producing polymers, preferably for producing water-absorbent polymer structures, to a device for producing acrylic acid and to a method for producing acrylic acid.
摘要:
The present invention relates to 25 hitherto undescribed genes of B. licheniformis and gene products derived therefrom and all sufficiently homologous nucleic acids and proteins thereof. They occur in five different metabolic pathways for the formation of odorous substances. The metabolic pathways in question are for the synthesis of: 1) isovalerian acid (as part of the catabolism of leucine), 2) 2-methylbutyric acid and/or isobutyric acid (as part of the catabolism of valine and/or isoleucine), 3) butanol and/or butyric acid (as part of the metabolism of butyric acid), 4) propyl acid (as part of the metabolism of propionate) and/or 5) cadaverine and/or putrescine (as parts of the catabolism of lysine and/or arginine). The identification of these genes allows biotechnological production methods to be developed that are improved to the extent that, to assist these nucleic acids, the formation of the odorous substances synthesised via these metabolic pathways can be reduced by deactivating the corresponding genes in the micro-organism used for the biotechnological production. In addition, these gene products are thus available for preparing reactions or for methods according to their respective biochemical properties.
摘要:
The present invention provides a novel cytochrome P450 enzyme, as well as vectors and recombinant host cells comprising the gene encoding the enzyme. Provided are recombinant plants with enhanced disease and/or pest resistance, modified flavour and/or fragrance and methods for hydroxy lating terpene substrates.
摘要:
The invention is directed to processes and apparatuses for the production of chemical compounds, in particular fermentation products. According to the invention there is provided a process for the production of one or more chemical substances, which process comprises a fermentation step, wherein said substances are formed; and a separation step, wherein at least one pair of electrodes is used to induce a precipitation of said substances, which pair comprises at least one precipitation electrode and at least one counter electrode, through which an electric current is directed is used to precipitate said one or more substances.
摘要:
The invention relates to a process for the preparation of an enantiomerically enriched ester or corresponding acid thereof by enzymatic conversion of the corresponding mixture of enantiomers. The enantiomerically enriched ester/acid has a remote and quarternary chiral center. The process of the invention is particularly suitable for the preparation of enantiomerically enriched 5,6-dihydro-4-hydroxy-2-pyrones, which are important building docks for the synthesis of a number of pharmaceutically active compounds.
摘要:
Die vorliegende Anmeldung betrifft 25 zuvor nicht beschriebene Gene von B. licheniformis und davon abgeleitete Genprodukte sowie alle hinreichend homologen Nukleinsäuren und Proteine hierzu. Sie liegen auf fünf verschiedenen Stoffwechselwegen zur Bildung von Geruchsstoffen. Es handelt sich dabei um Stoffwechselwege zur Synthese von: 1) Isovaleriansäure (als Teil des Leucin-Katabolismus), 2) von 2-Methylbuttersäure und/oder Isobuttersäure (als Teil des Valin- und/oder Isoleucin-Katabolismus), 3) von Butanol und/oder Buttersäure (als Teil des Buttersäure-Metabolismus), 4) von Propylsäure (als Teil des Propionat-Metabolismus) und/oder 5) von Cadaverin und/oder Putrescin (als Teile des Lysin- und/oder Arginin-Katabolismus). Die Identifizierung dieser Gene ermöglicht biotechnologische Produktionsverfahren, die insofern verbessert sind, als mithilfe dieser Nukleinsäuren die Bildung der über diese Stoffwechselwege synthetisierten Geruchsstoffe durch Inaktivierung der zugehörigen Gene in dem für die biotechnologische Produktion verwendeten Mikroorganismus verringert werden kann. Zudem stehen diese Genprodukte damit für Reaktionsansätze oder Verfahren entsprechend ihrer jeweiligen biochemischen Eigenschaften zur Verfügung.
摘要:
The invention relates to the enzymatic production of aromatic acids using renewable carbon sources, such as sugars. Provided is a method for the microbial production of aromatic acids from a fermentable carbon substrate using a host cell capable of producing said aromatic acid, for instance cinnamic acid, para-hydroxycinnamic acid and para-hydroxybenzoic acid, and comprising an efflux pump for said aromatic acid. A preferred host cell comprises a member of the proton-dependent resistance/nodulation/cell division (RND) family of efflux pumps, preferably the solvent resistance pump srpABC of P. putida strain S12.
摘要:
Offenbart wird ein Verfahren zur stereoselektiven Decarboxylierung von Malonsäurederivaten der Formel (I), worin X die Bedeutung OH, SH, C2-C10 Alkyl, C1-C10 Alkyloxy, NH 2 hat und R die Bedeutung Aryl-, Heteroaryl-, kondensierte Aryl- sowie kondensierte Heteroarylrest darstellt, der gegebenenfalls substituiert sein kann mit Halogenen, Alkyl-, Alkenyl-, Alkinylresten, Aryl, Furyl, Thiofuryl oder Naphthyl bedeuten kann, zu einer Verbindung der Formel (II), wobei X und R die oben angegebene Bedeutung haben, mit mutierten Decarboxylasen.