Abstract:
Dyes, method(s) of making them, and their use in photoelectric conversion devices, especially in dye-sensitized solar cells. The dye compounds are phthalocyanine and naphthalocyanine analogues which comprises an element M in a macrocyclic structure having a formula (Y).
Abstract:
Process for the manufacture of an ester of a 1-H-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid of formula (I) wherein - R1 is H or an organic residue - R2 is H or an organic residue - R3 is H, an alkyl group having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an halogenated alkyl group having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms, an aralkyl group, an aryl group, a halogen. which comprises reacting a compound of formula (II): wherein R4 is C 1 -C 8 -alkyl, C 3 -C 8 -cycloalkyl, C 2 -C 8 -alkenyl, benzyl or phenyl,R1 and R3, are as defined above with a hydrazine of formula (III): R2NHNH 2 (III) wherein R2 is as defined above, in the presence of an organic solvent comprising at least one halogen.
Abstract:
Salts of N-containing heterocyclic anions as components in electrolytes Novel uses of salts of N-containing heterocyclic anions, novel salts of fluorinated N-containing heterocyclic anions and method for producing the same are described. Preferred compounds have a pyrimidone or a pyrazole ring structure bearing a trifluoromethyl group and a metal counter ion.
Abstract:
Use of fluorinated 2-methoxymalonic acid esters Disclosed is the use of certain fluorinated derivatives of 2-methoxymalonic acid estersas solvents or solvent additives as well as solvent compositions, electrolyte compositions and respective batteries containing them.
Abstract:
Disclosed are novel dye compounds, method of making them, and their use in photoelectric conversion devices, especially in dye-sensitized solar cells. The dye compounds have formula ML1L2, wherein L1 and L2 independently indicates a tridentate ligand of specific structures.
Abstract:
Process for preparing a halogenated precursor of an alkenone, which comprises reacting a carboxylic acid halide with a vinyl ether in a liquid reaction medium using an equipment having at least one surface in contact with the liquid reaction medium, wherein said surface consists of a material selected from glass, polytetrafluoroethylene and nickel based metal alloy.
Abstract:
Disclosed are certain fluorinated derivatives of Meldrum's acid as novel compounds, preparation methods for the same, their use in Li ion batteries, Li air batteries and Li sulphur batteries as well as solvent compositions, electrolyte compositions and respective batteries containing them.
Abstract:
Process for the manufacture of an ester or the respective free acid of a 1-substituted-3-fluoroalkyl-pyrazole-4-carboxylic acid of formula (I) wherein - Y is H, F or an alkyl group having from 1 to 12 carbon atoms which is optionally substituted by at least one halogen atom, an aralkyl group or an aryl group, - R 1 is H or an organic residue, - R 2 is H or an organic residue, which comprises submitting a compound of formula (II) wherein Y is as defined above - X is CI, Br or I, - R 1 is H or an organic residue, - R 2 is H or an organic residue, to a reduction reaction.
Abstract:
The present invention concerns a process for the production of a fluorinated carboxylic halide having a reduced content of impurities, a fraction of the fluorinated carboxylic halide having a reduced content of impurities, and its use in the manufacture of agriculturally and pharmaceutically active compounds or their intermediates.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for the manufacture of chemical compounds wherein corrosive and/ or abrasive starting compounds, catalysts, intermediates or target compounds are involved; and a suitable reactor. The method is performed in a reactor at least partially made from or at least partially coated with material which is resistant to the reaction mixture, but has a low heat transfer coefficient, and where heat is supplied by a heat exchanger from a material which has a high heat transfer coefficient and high resistance to corrosion and/or abrasion. Preferably, the reactor is coated or at least partially coated with a (chloro)fluorosubstituted material, e.g. PTFE, and the heat exchanger is preferably constructed from silicon carbide. For example, hydrochlorofluorocarbons can be manufactured using HF as a starting compound, and antimony halides as catalyst.