Abstract:
Systems and methods for purifying produced water comprise a closed loop cation exchange unit, a closed loop anion exchange unit, and an intermediate degasifier. The processes for purification of produced water, involves: providing a closed loop cation exchange unit and a closed loop anion exchange unit, the cation exchange unit and the anion exchange unit connected in series through an intermediate degasifier. The produced water may comprise elevated levels of total dissolved solids, sodium, carbonate and chloride ions. A cation exchange unit may comprise a strong acid cation resin bed, and the anion exchange unit may comprise a weak base anion resin bed. Each of the exchange units may further comprise a plurality of treatment zones, the treatment zones comprising at least an adsorption zone, a rinse zone, a regeneration zone, a pulsing zone and a backwash zone.
Abstract:
The invention comprises water desalination methods and a system for such, which includes treatment of water in cation and anion ion exchange columns, and regenerating the columns after treatment of the water to set them up again for a further treatment cycle, and also providing recoverable by-products during the regeneration of the ion exchange columns instead of waste.
Abstract:
A process of fluoride removal from wastewater streams produced during industrial operation for further industrial use or to comply with environmental regulations. The process segregates the removal of fluoride and fluorosilicate ions, from the totality of ions in the wastewater stream, thus improving treatment efficiency and reducing costs. Ion-exchange chromatography is used to remove the fluoride and fluorosilicate ions by passing the wastewater stream through one or more columns that contain a charge resin, which selectively binds cations/anions in the stream. The fluoride ions are washed from the column and then collected for removal or use in other processes.
Abstract:
A method for minimizing wastewater discharge generated in an ion exchange regeneration system having a cation exchange bed (7) and an anion exchange bed (8), which method is characterized in that all of the segments of regenerant and displacement rinse are recirculated in a common loop, and shifted forward by one position, whereby the first segment is discarded in the subsequent cycle, and the last segment in the subsequent cycle is provided by fresh rinse, while chemicals are added as necessary, and in final rinse cycle, rinse flows through the cation exchange bed (7) and the anion exchange bed (8) in series, and recirculates in a loop, thereby eliminating over 90 % of waste.
Abstract:
The invention comprises water desalination methods and a system for such, which includes treatment of water in cation and anion ion exchange columns, and regenerating the columns after treatment of the water to set them up again for a further treatment cycle, and also providing recoverable by-products during the regeneration of the ion exchange columns instead of waste.
Abstract:
A process for the treatment of an effluent is provided and includes the steps of removing entrained solids and organic compounds from the effluent, preferably by means of filtration; removing uranium from the effluent using a strong base anion resin; removing cations from the effluent using a strong acid cation resin and eluting the resin with nitric acid to provide a cation eluate; removing anions from the effluent using a weak base anion resin and eluting the resin with ammonium hydroxide to provide an anion eluate; neutralising evaporating the cation eluate to obtain a 50% mixed metal nitrate solution; and neutralising and evaporating the anion eluate to obtain substantially dry ammonium salt. The process results in the economic production of water, a uranium solution, a mixed metal nitrate solution and an ammonium salt from a hazardous waste product.
Abstract:
A process for the treatment of effluent, particularly acid mine drainage, is provided which includes the steps of a. neutralising acid; b. removing cations by ion exchange using a cation resin; c. regenerating the cation resin; d. treating the eluates of the cation ion exchange step; e. adsorbing anions from the effluent of the cation removal step using an anion exchange resin; and f. regenerating the anion exchange resin.