Abstract:
Methods and systems are provided for discriminating ambiguous expressions to enhance user experience. For example, a natural language expression may be received by a speech recognition component (402). The natural language expression may include at least one of words, terms, and phrases of text. A dialog hypothesis set from the natural language expression may be created by using contextual information (404). In some cases, the dialog hypothesis set has at least two dialog hypotheses. A plurality of dialog responses may be generated for the dialog hypothesis set (406). The dialog hypothesis set may be ranked based on an analysis of the plurality of the dialog responses (408). An action may be performed based on ranking the dialog hypothesis set (410).
Abstract:
Conversational interactions between humans and computer systems can be provided by a computer system that classifies an input by conversation type, and provides human authored responses for conversation types. The input classification can be performed using trained binary classifiers. Training can be performed by labeling inputs as either positive or negative examples of a conversation type. Conversational responses can be authored by the same individuals that label the inputs used in training the classifiers. In some cases, the process of training classifiers can result in a suggestion of a new conversation type, for which human authors can label inputs for a new classifier and write content for responses for that new conversation type.
Abstract:
Methods, apparatuses, and computer program products are described herein that are configured to express a time in an output text. In some example embodiments, a method is provided that comprises identifying a time period to be described linguistically in an output text. The method of this embodiment may also include identifying a communicative context for the output text. The method of this embodiment may also include determining one or more temporal reference frames that are applicable to the time period and a domain defined by the communicative context. The method of this embodiment may also include generating a phrase specification that linguistically describes the time period based on the descriptor that is defined by a temporal reference frame of the one or more temporal reference frames. In some examples, the descriptor specifies a time window that is inclusive of at least a portion of the time period to be described linguistically.
Abstract:
The content of an instructor-student interaction set in an automated teaching system is represented in a graph-based format. In a graph-based representation, not only can variations branch away from each other at a node (branching point), as in the tree-based representation, but they can also merge back together. Not only does this make the structure more compact, but it increases the number of variations that can be represented in the content while simultaneously eliminating the need to individually author each variation.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method and to a system for automatically extracting relation triplet information for building ontology from texts with grammatically correct plain declarative sentences. The method for automatically extracting relation triplets through a dependency grammar parse tree according to the present invention comprises: a first step of performing syntactic parsing on an objective sentence to generate a dependency grammar parse tree; a second step of preprocessing the dependency grammar parse tree generated in the first step to convert the tree into a format suitable for relation extraction; and a third step of traversing, in a post-order manner, the dependency grammar parse tree converted in the second step to automatically extract relation triplets.
Abstract:
A method and a system for integrating multimodal interpretations (MMIs) in user inputs to a data processing system (100) are provided. The method includes generating (603) a set of MMIs, based on the user inputs collected during a turn. The set of MMIs includes at least one semantic relationship function, the semantic relationship function denoting a semantic relationship between values determined from the user inputs entered through one or more of the at least one input modality, the semantic relationship function comprising at least semantic operator (Figure 6). The method further includes generating (604) sets of joint MMIs (Figure 6). Each set of joint MMIs includes MMIs of semantically compatible types (Figure 6). The method further includes resolving (606) the reference values of the references of each set of joint MMIs to generate corresponding sets of reference resolved MMIs. The method further includes generating (608) an integrated MMI for each set of reference-resolved MMIs (Figure 6).
Abstract:
A digital, translingual sense code and a system of operators are presented, for generating a digital, universal language system, which is substantially unequivocal. The digital language system may be used a translation-ready format, from which translation to any language may be automatic. Additionally, it may also be used for information retrieval and data acquisition, and as an aide in language acquisition. Furthermore, it may be used for tagging a natural language, for word sense disambiguation.