Abstract:
A method of determining a distribution of electrolytes in a flow battery includes providing a flow battery with a fixed amount of fluid electrolyte having a common electrochemically active specie, a portion of the fluid electrolyte serving as an anolyte and a remainder of the fluid electrolyte serving as a catholyte. An average oxidation state of the common electrochemically active specie is determined in the anolyte and the catholyte and, responsive to the determined average oxidation state, a molar ratio of the common electrochemically active specie between the anolyte and the catholyte is adjusted to increase an energy discharge capacity of the flow battery for the determined average oxidation state.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a vanadium redox flow battery wherein each anode electrolyte and cathode electrolyte comprises anions comprising chloride ions and vanadium ions as an active material, and insoluble particles formed with an ion exchange resin containing quaternary ammonium compound are dipped in the cathode electrolyte.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a redox fuel cell comprising an anode and a cathode separated by an ion selective polymer electrolyte membrane; means for supplying a fuel to the anode region of the cell; means for supplying an oxidant to the cathode region of the cell; means for providing an electrical circuit between the anode and the cathode; a non-volatile catholyte solution flowing in fluid communication with the cathode, the catholyte solution comprising a polyoxometallate redox couple being at least partially reduced at the cathode in operation of the cell, and at least partially re-generated by reaction with the oxidant in a regeneration zone after such reduction at the cathode, the catholyte solution further comprising one or more vanadium species that result from the speciation of the polyoxometallate at an elevated temperature and/or pressure, wherein the polyoxometallate is represented by the formula: X a EZ b M c O d ] wherein X is selected from hydrogen, alkali metals, alkaline earth metals, ammonium, transition metal ions and combinations of two or more thereof; Z is selected from B, P, S, As, Si, Ge Ni, Rh, Sn, Al, Cu, I, Br, F. Fe, Co, Cr, Zn, H2, Te, Mn and Se and combinations of two or more thereof; M comprises vanadium and optionally one or more of Mo, W, Mb, Ta, Mn, Fe, Co, Cr, Ni, Zn Rh, Ru, TI, AI, Ga, In and other metals selected from the 1 st, 2nd and 3rd transition metal series and the Santhanide series and combinations of two or more thereof; a is a number of X necessary to charge balance the [Z b M c O d ] anion; b is from 0 to 20; c is from 1 to 40; d is from 1 to 180; X includes an amount of a non-hydrogen cation and the molar ratio of the non-hydrogen cation to vanadium is more than 0 and less than 1,
Abstract:
Composite separators having a porous structure and including acid-stable, hydrophilic, inorganic particles enmeshed in a substantially fully fluorinated polyolefin matrix can be utilized in a number of applications. The inorganic particles can provide hydrophilic characteristics. The pores of the separator result in good selectivity and electrical conductivity. The fluorinated polymeric backbone can result in high chemical stability. Accordingly, one application of the composite separators is in redox flow batteries as low cost membranes. In such applications, the composite separator can also enable additional property-enhancing features compared to ion-exchange membranes. For example, simple capacity control can be achieved through hydraulic pressure by balancing the volumes of electrolyte on each side of the separator. While a porous separator can also allow for volume and pressure regulation, in RFBs that utilize corrosive and/or oxidizing compounds, the composite separators described herein are preferable for their robustness in the presence of such compounds.
Abstract:
본 발명은 연료극 매개체의 유동성을 확보하여 출력 밀도를 개선한 직접탄소 연료전치의 연료 공급 장치를 개시하며, 상기 직접탄소 연료전지의 연료 공급 장치는, 탄소 연료가 혼합된 연료극 매개체에 담긴 튜브형 셀 둘레에 수직 방향의 원통형 유로를 형성하는 유로관; 및 상기 유로관의 하부에서 상기 연료극 매개체 내에 기체를 공급하여서 상기 기체의 수직 유동에 의하여 상기 연료극 매개체를 유동시키는 버블링 수단;을 포함함으로써, 유동에 의하여 상기 연료극 매개체가 상기 튜브형 셀의 연료극으로 공급됨을 특징으로 한다.
Abstract:
A liquid electrolyte fuel cell system (10) comprises at least one fuel cell with a liquid electrolyte chamber between opposed electrodes, the electrodes being an anode and a cathode, and means (30, 32) for supplying a gas stream to a gas chamber adjacent to the cathode and withdrawing a spent gas stream (38) from the gas chamber adjacent to the cathode, the system also comprising a liquid electrolyte storage tank (40), and means (42, 44, 47, 48) to circulate liquid electrolyte between the liquid electrolyte storage tank (40) and the fuel cells. In addition the system comprises a gas heater (50) and a humidification chamber (52) in the duct (36) leading to the said gas chamber, and means (53, 66, 68) to supply liquid electrolyte to the humidification chamber (52) so the gas is humidified by contact with the liquid electrolyte.
Abstract:
This invention provides a system and a method for safe production of electrolyte at required concentration on site on demand where occasionally only water is needed to be filled up. The system includes two main units: a saturated electrolyte unit and a diluted electrolyte unit.
Abstract:
Dargestellt und beschrieben ist eine Redox-Flow-Batterie (1, 1') mit wenigstens einem einen Zellinnenraum (7) umfassenden Zellrahmen (4) und mit wenigstens einer außerhalb des Zellrahmens (4) vorgesehenen Versorgungsleitung (2, 2') zum Zuführen von Elektrolyt zum Zellinnenraum (7) und/oder wenigstens einer außerhalb der Zellrahmen (4) vorgesehenen Entsorgungsleitung (3, 3') zum Abführen von Elektrolyt aus dem Zellinnenraum (4). Um größere Freiheitsgrade bei der Auslegung des Zelldesigns zur Verfügung stehen, um möglichst Redox-Flow-Batterien mit verbesserten Eigenschaften zur Verfügung stellen zu können, ist vorgesehen dass die Versorgungsleitung (2, 2') zum Zuführen von Elektrolyt zum Zellinnenraum (7) und/oder die Entsorgungsleitung (3, 3') zum Abführen von Elektrolyt aus dem Zellinnenraum (7) über eine Mehrzahl separater Strömungskanäle (8, 14) im Zellrahmen (4) in fluidem Kontakt mit dem Zellinnenraum (7) steht.