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公开(公告)号：WO2012003524A1
公开(公告)日：2012-01-12
申请号：PCT/AU2011/000604
申请日：2011-05-20
CPC分类号： H05H1/03 , B64G1/408 , B64G1/422 , G21B1/05 , Y02E30/126
摘要： An electrostatic confinement apparatus for producing nuclear fusion comprises a capacitor assembly, having a hollow cathode element (230) defining a reaction chamber (238), and an anode element (220) substantially surrounding the cathode element (230). An electrical source (280) provides a direct current potential between the anode element (220) and the cathode element (230). A fuel supply assembly (240, 242, 244, 246) includes a fuel receptacle (24) which is electrically coupled to the cathode element (230) such that, in use, fusion reactive fuel flows into the reaction chamber (238) having the same electric potential of the cathode element (230). A medium having a high dielectric constant occupies the cavity (260) between the anode and cathode elements (220, 230). An accelerator exhaust tube (250) may form part of a thrust engine.
摘要翻译： 用于产生核聚变的静电限制装置包括具有限定反应室（238）的空心阴极元件（230）和基本上围绕阴极元件（230）的阳极元件（220）的电容器组件。 电源（280）在阳极元件（220）和阴极元件（230）之间提供直流电势。 燃料供给组件（240,242,244,246）包括电耦合到阴极元件（230）的燃料容器（24），使得在使用中，熔融反应燃料流入反应室（238），其具有 阴极元件（230）的相同电位。 具有高介电常数的介质占据阳极和阴极元件（220,230）之间的空腔（260）。 加速器排气管（250）可形成推力发动机的一部分。
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公开(公告)号：WO2009023004A1
公开(公告)日：2009-02-19
申请号：PCT/UA2008/000043
申请日：2008-07-17
IPC分类号： G21B1/05
摘要： Предлагается принципиально новый подход к решению проблемы управляемого термоядерного синтеза (УТС), суть которого - замена существующего безуспешного управления хаотическим движением частиц-ядер, подлежащих синтезу, на управление упорядоченным движением их. То есть, предлагается термоядерный реактор, работа которого базируется на резонансном взаимодействии "медленно" переменных электромагнитных полей управления, которые создают резонансные электромагниты-зеркала, и "быстро" переменных электромагнитных полей, которые создает упорядоченное движение заряженных частиц-ядер по право- и левовинтовой траекториях между резонансными электромагнитами-зеркалами. В точках пересечения траекторий выполняются условия критерия Лоусона - условия для синтеза частиц-ядер. Энергия синтеза аккумулируется траекториями движения заряженных частиц-ядер и через упомянутое взаимодействие электромагнитных полей выводится на сопротивление нагрузки (прямое преобразование энергии синтеза в электрическую). Описывается электромагнитная модель термоядерного реактора, на которой экспериментально зафиксировано существование резонансных электромагнитов-зеркал и др.
摘要翻译： 本发明涉及一种与受控热核聚变有关的问题的主要新颖方法，其中包括将待融合的粒子核的随机运动的现有不成功控制替换为控制其有序运动。 也就是说，本发明涉及一种基于由谐振电磁镜形成的“慢”交变磁控制场和由带电粒子的有序运动形成的“快速”交变磁场的共振相互作用的热核反应堆 谐振电磁镜之间的左右轨迹的核。 在轨迹的交叉点，满足了粒子核融合的劳森准则条件。 融合能量通过带电粒子核的运动轨迹积累，并且通过上述电磁场的相互作用被引导到电阻负载（将能量直接转换成电能）。
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23.发明申请MAGNETIC AND ELECTROSTATIC CONFINEMENT OF PLASMA IN A FIELD REVERSED CONFIGURATION 审中-公开等离子体场中磁场与静电约束的反转配置
公开(公告)号：WO02062112A2
公开(公告)日：2002-08-08
申请号：PCT/US0202854
申请日：2002-02-01
申请人： UNIV CALIFORNIA , ROSTOKER NORMAN , BINDERBAUER MICHL , QERUSHI ARTAN , TAHSIRI HOOSHANG , GARATE EUSEBIO , BYSTRITSKII VITALY
发明人： ROSTOKER NORMAN , BINDERBAUER MICHL , QERUSHI ARTAN , TAHSIRI HOOSHANG , GARATE EUSEBIO , BYSTRITSKII VITALY
CPC分类号： G21B1/052 , G21B1/05 , G21D7/00 , H05H1/03 , H05H1/10 , H05H1/12 , H05H1/14 , H05H1/16 , Y02E30/122 , Y02E30/126
摘要： A system and method for containing plasma and forming a Field Reversed Configuration (FRC) magnetic topology are described in which plasma ions are contained magnetically in stable, non-adiabatic orbits in the FRC. Further, the electrons are contained electrostatically in a deep energy well, created by tuning an externally applied magnetic field. The simultaneous electrostatic confinement of electrons and magnetic confinement of ions avoids anomalous transport and facilitates classical containment of both electrons and ions. In this configuration, ions and electrons may have adequate density and temperature so that upon collisions they are fused together by nuclear force, thus releasing fusion energy. Moreover, the fusion fuel plasmas that can be used with the present confinement system and method are not limited to neutronic fuels only, but also advantageously include advanced fuels.
摘要翻译： 描述了用于包含等离子体并形成场反转配置（FRC）磁拓扑的系统和方法，其中等离子体离子被磁性地包含在FRC中的稳定的非绝热轨道中。 此外，电子被静电地包含在深能量阱中，通过调谐外部施加的磁场而产生。 电子的同时静电约束和离子的磁约束避免了异常传输并促进了电子和离子的经典包容。 在这种配置中，离子和电子可以具有足够的密度和温度，以便在碰撞时它们通过核力被融合在一起，从而释放聚变能。 此外，可以与本限制系统和方法一起使用的聚变燃料等离子体不仅限于中子燃料，而且还有利地包括先进的燃料。
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公开(公告)号：WO2023064502A1
公开(公告)日：2023-04-20
申请号：PCT/US2022/046619
申请日：2022-10-13
申请人： ALPHA RING US INC.
发明人： LEE, Lou-Chuang , LEE, Kun-Han , NI, DongDong
摘要： A method and an apparatus are provided for performing a fusion reaction. The method comprises providing neutral gas within a gas chamber, supplying energy to the gas chamber to initiate heating of a cathode and ionization of the neutral gas into protons and electrons, causing formation of a conducting channel due to the ionized neutral gas, causing formation of an electron layer outside the cathode based on set of thermionically emitted electrons by the heated cathode, causing acceleration of the electrons towards the cathode to cause the heated cathode to emit a set of secondary electrons due to a potential associated with the electron layer. The set of secondary electrons enhance strength of the electron layer. The method comprises causing formation of an electrostatic potential profile with dips and peaks, due to an electron-ion two-stream instability. The protons are accelerated towards the cathode at peaks and bombardment of the protons into the cathode enables fusion reaction.
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公开(公告)号：WO2022260878A2
公开(公告)日：2022-12-15
申请号：PCT/US2022/031376
申请日：2022-05-27
申请人： ZAP ENERGY, INC.
发明人： SHUMLAK, Uri , NELSON, Brian A. , MEIER, Eric T.
摘要： Methods and systems are provided for plasma confinement utilizing various electrode and valve configurations. In one example, a device includes a first electrode positioned to define an outer boundary of an acceleration volume, a second electrode arranged coaxially with respect to the first electrode and positioned to define an inner boundary of the acceleration volume, at least one power supply to drive an electric current along a Z-pinch plasma column between the first second electrodes, and a set of valves to provide gas to the acceleration volume to fuel the Z-pinch plasma column, wherein an electron flow of the electric current is in a first direction from the second electrode to the first electrode. In additional or alternative examples, a shaping part is conductively connected to the second electrode to, in a presence of the gas, cause a gas breakdown of the gas to generate a sheared flow velocity profile.
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公开(公告)号：WO2022258206A1
公开(公告)日：2022-12-15
申请号：PCT/EP2021/071497
申请日：2021-07-30
申请人： TOKAMAK ENERGY LTD
发明人： SLADE, Robert
摘要： A toroidal field coil for a tokamak plasma chamber having a central column. The toroidal field coil comprises first and second high temperature superconductor, HTS, assemblies comprising a respective one or more HTS tapes for conducting electrical current parallel to an axis of the central column. Each of the HTS tapes comprises HTS material having an associated critical current that is dependent on a magnetic field at the HTS tape when the central column is in use. The central column further comprises a cooling mechanism configured to preferentially cool the first HTS assembly relative to the second HTS assembly to reduce or eliminate a difference in the critical current of the or each HTS tape of the first HTS assembly relative to the critical current of the or each HTS tape of the second HTS assembly.
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公开(公告)号：WO2022186717A1
公开(公告)日：2022-09-09
申请号：PCT/RU2021/000212
申请日：2021-05-26
发明人： ДОЛГОПОЛОВ, Михаил Вячеславович , ЗАНИН, Георгий Геннадьевич , ОВЧИННИКОВ, Дмитрий Евгеньевич , РАДЕНКО, Александр Владимирович , РАДЕНКО, Виталий Владимирович , СВИРКОВ, Василий Борисович
摘要： Изобретение может быть применено в производстве стационарных и мобильных модулей плазменных электрических генераторов электрической и тепловой энергии и синтез-генераторов. Электронно-управляемый плазменный электрический генератор для своей работы формирует управляемые потоки ионов и плазмы. Реализуется магнитооптическим накопителем, электронно-управляемым ускорителем, элементами сильноточной электроники: электронно-управляемая ионно-плазменная импульсная система. Существенным признаком данного изобретения является: использование сильноточной электроники триодной схемы и магнитных систем с электронным управлением и импульсным шагом изменения напряженности магнитного поля, изменение направления вектора индукции магнитного поля для формирования электронно-управляемых потоков плазмы. В качестве топлива, являющегося источником энергии, боридов, гидридов легких элементов и является эффективным генератором ионов в области взаимодействия, преобразующего энергию синтеза легких нуклонов в электрическую энергию.
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公开(公告)号：WO2021178472A1
公开(公告)日：2021-09-10
申请号：PCT/US2021/020575
申请日：2021-03-03
摘要： A "liquid sandwich" vacuum vessel for magnetic confinement fusion of plasma includes two rigid structural "bread" members that form a double-walled vessel and a non-structural "cheese" material disposed between the walls. The inner member is semi-conductive and encloses a volume of fusing plasma, while the outer member may contact a neutron shield (e.g. a molten salt blanket) and is corrosion-resistant. The non-structural material is solid at room temperature, but is molten during fusion, and is preferably lead. The structural members may be steel or silicon carbide, or similar structural material. During a disruption of fusion, excess electrical energy that escapes from the plasma into the vessel will primarily shear the liquid material rather than the structural members, allowing the "bread" to be thin.
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29.发明申请
公开(公告)号：WO2021133521A1
公开(公告)日：2021-07-01
申请号：PCT/US2020/062784
申请日：2020-12-02
摘要： In one embodiment, a fusion reactor includes an enclosure, one or more internal magnetic coils suspended within an interior of the enclosure and co-axial with a center axis of the enclosure, one or more encapsulating magnetic coils co-axial with the center axis of the enclosure, the encapsulating magnetic coils having a larger diameter than the internal magnetic coils, one or more mirror magnetic coils co-axial with the center axis of the enclosure, and one or more magnetic reconnection coils co-axial with the center axis of the enclosure, wherein the one or more magnetic reconnection coils, when pulsed by a power source, are disposed to reconfigure one or more magnetic fields within the enclosure. The reconfiguration, or magnetic reconnection, of the one or more magnetic fields is disposed to increase energy in the magnetic fields, thereby facilitating the conditions operable to generate plasma, and further, when the magnetic fields are collapsed, releasing the energy into the plasma.
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公开(公告)号：WO2020002888A1
公开(公告)日：2020-01-02
申请号：PCT/GB2019/051760
申请日：2019-06-21
申请人： TOKAMAK ENERGY LTD
摘要： A tokamak plasma vessel. The tokamak plasma vessel comprises a toroidal plasma chamber, a plurality of poloidal field coils, an upper divertor assembly, and a lower divertor assembly. The plurality of poloidal field coils are configured to provide a poloidal magnetic field having a substantially symmetric plasma core and an upper and lower null, such that ions in a scrape off layer outside the plasma core are directed by the magnetic field past one of the upper and lower nulls to divertor surfaces of the respective upper and lower divertor assembly. Each of the upper and lower divertor assembly comprises a liquid metal inlet and a liquid metal outlet located below the liquid metal inlet. Each of the upper and lower divertor assembly is configured such that in use liquid metal flows from the liquid metal inlet to the liquid metal outlet over at least one divertor surface of the divertor assembly.
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